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69 results for “Nereis”
Data from: Tool use increases mechanical foraging success and tooth health in southern sea otters (Enhydra lutris nereis)
<p>Although it is well documented that tool use can enable the utilization of novel resources, the fitness benefits associated with this innovative behavior are difficult to test. Using longitudinal data from 196 radio-tagged southern sea otters, we found that individuals, particularly females, with frequent tool use gained access to harder, larger prey items. In turn, the mechanical advantages of tool use during food processing translated to reduced tooth damage in tool users. We also found that tool use diminishes trade-offs between access to different prey types, tooth health, and caloric intake that are highly dependent on the relative availability of prey in the environment. Overall, tool use allows individuals to maintain caloric requirements through the processing of alternative prey that are otherwise inaccessible without the use of tools, indicating that this innovative behavior is a necessity for the survival of southern sea otters in environments with depleted preferred prey.</p>
Fig. 19 in Revision of the species confused with "Nereis falsa" de Quatrefages, 1866 (Annelida, Nereididae)
Fig. 19. Nereis mezianei sp. nov., paratypes (MNHN 372-4b). A. Smallest paratype, dorsal view. B. Same, anterior end, dorsal view. C. Same, median segments, dorsal view. D. Same, posterior region, dorsal view. E. Largest paratype, anterior region, dorsal view. F. Same, anterior end, dorsal view.
Fig. 20 in Revision of the species confused with "Nereis falsa" de Quatrefages, 1866 (Annelida, Nereididae)
Fig. 20. Nereis mezianei sp. nov., mature female (MNHN 372-T28). A. Dorsal view. B. Anterior region, dorsal view. Parapodia stained with Shirslastain-A. C. Chaetiger 2, right parapodium, anterior view (dorsal cirrus bent). D. Chaetiger 35, left parapodium, posterior view. E. Chaetiger 52, right parapodium, posterior view.
Fig. 18 in Revision of the species confused with "Nereis falsa" de Quatrefages, 1866 (Annelida, Nereididae)
Fig. 18. Nereis mezianei sp. nov., holotype (MNHN 372-4). A. Dorsal view. B. Anterior region, dorsal view. C. Chaetiger 2, left parapodium, anterior view (ventral cirrus lost). D. Chaetiger 16, left parapodium, posterior view (ventral cirrus lost). E. Chaetiger 31, right parapodium, posterior view (notopodial homogomph and supracicular heterogomph falcigers broken). F. Chaetiger 55, right parapodium, posterior view (insets: homogomph falcigers tips). G. Posterior region, dorsal view.
Fig. 13 in Revision of the species confused with "Nereis falsa" de Quatrefages, 1866 (Annelida, Nereididae)
Fig. 13. Nereis riisei Grube & Örsted in Grube, 1857, non-type, pre-epitokal specimen (UMML 22.1171). A. Anterior region, dorsal view. B. Posterior end, dorsal view. C. Chaetiger 1, right parapodium, anterior view. D. Chaetiger 11, right parapodium, anterior view. E. Chaetiger 49, right parapodium, anterior view. F. Chaetiger 88, right parapodium, anterior view. G. Chaetiger 113, right parapodium, anterior view. H. Chaetiger 88, notopodial homogomph falciger. I. Same, neuropodial supracicular homogomph spiniger. J. Same, neuropodial subacicular heterogomph falciger. K. Same, neuropodial supracicular heterogomph falciger.
Fig. 14. Nereis lunulata Ehlers, 1901 in Revision of the species confused with "Nereis falsa" de Quatrefages, 1866 (Annelida, Nereididae)
Fig. 14. Nereis lunulata Ehlers, 1901 stat. nov., syntype (SMNH Type 513). A. Anterior region, dorsal view. B. Chaetiger 11, right parapodium, anterior view. C. Chaetiger 30, right parapodium, anterior view. D. Chaetiger 52, right parapodium, posterior view. E. Chaetiger 30, notopodial homogomph falciger. F. Same, neuropodial heterogomph falciger of infracicular fascicle.
Fig. 12 in Revision of the species confused with "Nereis falsa" de Quatrefages, 1866 (Annelida, Nereididae)
Fig. 12. Nereis riisei Grube & Örsted in Grube, 1857, non-type specimen (ECOSUR P2256). A. Anterior region, dorsal view. B. Anterior end, dorsal view. C. Chaetiger 2, left parapodium, anterior view. D. Chaetiger 30, left parapodium, anterior view. E. Chaetiger 90, left parapodium, anterior view. F. Chaetiger 168, left parapodium, anterior view. G. Posterior region, dorsal view, after Shirlastain-A staining.
Fig. 11 in Revision of the species confused with "Nereis falsa" de Quatrefages, 1866 (Annelida, Nereididae)
Fig. 11. Nereis riisei Grube & Örsted in Grube, 1857, holotype of Nereis glandulata Hoagland, 1919 (AMNH 1211). A. Anterior fragment, dorsal view. B. Anterior end, dorsal view. C. Chaetiger 2, right parapodium, anterior view. D. Chaetiger 9, right parapodium, anterior view. E. Same, neuropodial supracicular heterogomph falciger. F. Same, neuropodial subacicular heterogomph falciger.
Fig. 17. Nereis occidentalis Hartman, 1945. A–B, I in Revision of the species confused with "Nereis falsa" de Quatrefages, 1866 (Annelida, Nereididae)
Fig. 17. Nereis occidentalis Hartman, 1945. A–B, I: holotype (LACM 836); C–H, J–L: paratype (LACM 837). A. Anterior region, dorsal view. B. Posterior region, dorsal view. C. Pharynx, dorsal view. D. Same, ventral view. E. Chaetiger 2, right parapodium, posterior view. F. Chaetiger 11, right parapodium, posterior view. G. Chaetiger 34, right parapodium, posterior view. H. Chaetiger 62, right parapodium, posterior view. I. Chaetiger 87, right parapodium, posterior view. J. Same, notopodial homogomph falciger. K. Same, neuropodial subacicular heterogomph spiniger. L. Same, neuropodial subacicular heterogomph falciger.
Fig. 15. Nereis lunulata Ehlers, 1901 in Revision of the species confused with "Nereis falsa" de Quatrefages, 1866 (Annelida, Nereididae)
Fig. 15. Nereis lunulata Ehlers, 1901 stat. nov., non-type specimen (MNHN 83-T52). A. Anterior region, dorsal view. B. Anterior end, dorsal view. C. Anterior end, ventral view. D. Chaetiger 2, left parapodim, anterior view. E. Chaetiger 14, left parapodium, anterior view. F. Chaetiger 30, left parapodium, posterior view (inset: close-up of dorsal cirrus). G. Chaetiger 56, left parapodium, anterior view (inset: homogomph falciger).
Fig. 10 in Revision of the species confused with "Nereis falsa" de Quatrefages, 1866 (Annelida, Nereididae)
Fig. 10. Nereis riisei Grube & Örsted in Grube, 1857, holotype (NHMD 109270). A. Anterior end, dorsal view. B. Chaetiger 10, right parapodium, anterior view. C. Chaetiger 40, right parapodium, anterior view. D. Chaetiger 60, right parapodium, anterior view. E. Chaetiger 10, heterogomph falcigers. F. Chaetiger 40, heterogomph spiniger. G. Chaetiger 60, homogomph falciger, tip slightly eroded. H. Chaetiger 60, heterogomph falciger.
Fig. 9 in Revision of the species confused with "Nereis falsa" de Quatrefages, 1866 (Annelida, Nereididae)
Fig. 9. Nereis marginata Grube & Örsted in Grube, 1857 reinstated, non-type, atoke specimens. A–B, E–K: ECOSUR P3104; C–D: UMML 22.1174. A. Anterior region, dorsal view. B. Posterior end, dorsal view. C. Anterior region, dorsal view. D. Posterior end, dorsal view. E. Chaetiger 52, notopodial homogomph falciger. F. Same, supracicular heterogomph falciger. G. Same, subacicular heterogomph falciger. H. Chaetiger 1, right parapodium, anterior view. I. Chaetiger 12, right parapodium, anterior view. J. Chaetiger 28, right parapodium, anterior view. K. Chaetiger 52, right parapodium, anterior view.
Fig. 6. Nereis splendida Grube, 1840 in Revision of the species confused with "Nereis falsa" de Quatrefages, 1866 (Annelida, Nereididae)
Fig. 6. Nereis splendida Grube, 1840, non-type, atokous specimens. A–F. MNHN 423-531. A. Anterior region, dorsal view. B. Anterior end, dorsal view. C. Chaetiger 2, right parapodium, anterior view. D. Chaetiger 15, right parapodium, anterior view. E. Chaetiger 30, right parapodium, anterior view. F. Chaetiger 55, right parapodium, anterior view (inset: homogomph falciger tip). G–H. MNHN 495-1. G. Anterior region, dorsal view. H. Posterior region, left lateral view. I. Another specimen (MNHN 423- 531), chaetiger 30, right parapodium, homogomph falciger tip.
Fig. 3. Nereis splendida Grube, 1840 in Revision of the species confused with "Nereis falsa" de Quatrefages, 1866 (Annelida, Nereididae)
Fig. 3. Nereis splendida Grube, 1840, neotype (MNHN 423-311), male epitoke. A. Anterior region, dorsal view, depressed by cover slip. B. Anterior end, dorsal view. C. Anterior end, ventral view. D. Posterior region, dorsal view.
Fig. 5. Nereis splendida Grube, 1840 in Revision of the species confused with "Nereis falsa" de Quatrefages, 1866 (Annelida, Nereididae)
Fig. 5. Nereis splendida Grube, 1840, non-type, female epitoke (MNHN A83), after Shirlastain-A staining. A. Anterior region, dorsal view. B. Anterior end, ventral view. C. Posterior region, dorsal view. D. Chaetiger 2, right parapodium, anterior view. E. Chaetiger 15, right parapodium, anterior view. F. Chaetiger 30, right parapodium, anterior view. G. Chaetiger 73, right parapodium, anterior view (chaetae omitted).
Fig. 8 in Revision of the species confused with "Nereis falsa" de Quatrefages, 1866 (Annelida, Nereididae)
Fig. 8. Nereis marginata Grube & Örsted in Grube, 1857, reinstated, holotype (NHMD 109266). A. Anterior region, dorsal view. B. Prostomium, dorsal view. C. Chaetiger from anterior region, right parapodium, anterior view. D. Chaetiger from middle region, right parapodium, anterior view. E. Chaetiger from posterior region, right parapodium, anterior view. F. Posterior chaetiger, notopodial homogomph falciger. G. Anterior chaetiger, supracicular heterogomph falciger. H. Same, subacicular heterogomph falciger. I. Middle chaetiger, supracicular heterogomph falciger. J. Same, subacicular heterogomph falciger. K. Posterior chaetiger, supracicular heterogomph falciger. C–E, ventral cirrus missing.
Fig. 4. Nereis splendida Grube, 1840 in Revision of the species confused with "Nereis falsa" de Quatrefages, 1866 (Annelida, Nereididae)
Fig. 4. Nereis splendida Grube, 1840, non-type, largest male epitoke (MNHN A83), after Shirlastain-A staining. A. Anterior region, dorsal view. B. Anterior end, ventral view. C. Chaetiger 2, right parapodium, anterior view. D. Chaetiger 15, right parapodium, anterior view. E. Chaetiger 30, right parapodium, anterior view. F. Chaetiger 74, right parapodium, posterior view (chaetae omitted). G. Posterior region, dorsal view.
Fig. 7 in Revision of the species confused with "Nereis falsa" de Quatrefages, 1866 (Annelida, Nereididae)
Fig. 7. Nereis callaona Grube & Kröyer in Grube, 1857, holotype (NHMD 109278). A. Anterior end, oblique dorsal view. B. Same, close-up of pharynx. C. Pharynx, oblique ventral view. D. Chaetiger 10, right parapodium, anterior view. E. Chaetiger 31, right parapodium, anterior view. F. Chaetiger 61, right parapodium, anterior view. G. Chaetiger 10, neuropodial supracicular heterogomph falciger. H. Chaetiger 10, neuropodial infracicular heterogomph falciger. I. Chaetiger 31, neuropodial subacicular heterogomph falciger. J. Chaetiger 61, neuropodial supracicular heterogomph falciger. K. Same, notopodial homogomph falciger.
Fig. 2 in Revision of the species confused with "Nereis falsa" de Quatrefages, 1866 (Annelida, Nereididae)
Fig. 2. Nereis mezianei sp. nov., non-type juvenile (MNHN 372-45). A. Chaetiger 9, left parapodium, anterior view. B. Same, base of notopodial ligules. C. Same, base of ventral ligule. D. Chaetiger 25, left parapodium, posterior view. E. Same, dorsal ligule. F. Same, ventral ligule. G. Chaetiger 46, left parapodium, posterior view. H. Same, notopodial ligules. I. Same, ventral ligule.
Fig. 1. Nereis splendida Grube, 1840 in Revision of the species confused with "Nereis falsa" de Quatrefages, 1866 (Annelida, Nereididae)
Fig. 1. Nereis splendida Grube, 1840, non-type juvenile (MNHN 423-531), after methyl green staining. A. Chaetiger 9, right parapodium, anterior view. B. Chaetiger 25, right parapodium, anterior view. C. Chaetiger 46, right parapodium, anterior view.
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