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6,286 results for “New Mexico”
Tree Mast Production in Pinyon-Juniper-Oak Forests at the Sevilleta National Wildlife Refuge, New Mexico
The purpose of this study is to monitor the fruit production of three common woody tree species that occur on the Sevilleta National Wildlife Refuge (NWR) in New Mexico. We estimate fruit production of two monoecious species, Pinus edulis (pinon pine) and Quercus turbinella (Sonoran scrub oak) and one dioecious species, Juniperus monosperma (one-seed juniper). During August – November, we estimate fruit production for these three species at up to six sites within the Sevilleta NWR. Different protocols are used for each species (see Methods). In addition, the age and/or size of each individual tree was assessed at the beginning of the study, excepting in one site (WM) where fruit counts occurred at the plot, rather than individual tree, scale. For P. edulis and J. monosperma, trees wre binned into categories of young, medium, old, or very old trees. For Q. turbinella, we estimate canopy surface area in m 2
Bee species abundance and composition in three ecosystem types at the Sevilleta National Wildlife Refuge, New Mexico, USA
This study was designed to examine community- or population-level fluctuations in bee species at the Sevilleta National Wildlife Refuge, both intra- and inter-annually. From 2002 to 2019, passive funnel traps were used to collect bees at three sites, each representing a different ecosystem type of the southwestern U.S. (Plains grassland, Chihuahuan Desert grassland, and Chihuahuan Desert shrubland). Bees were collected during each month from March through October, and were identified to species by taxonomic experts.
Small Mammal Demographic Data at the Sevilleta National Wildlife Refuge, New Mexico
This file contains mark/recapture trapping data collected from 2013-present on permanently established small mammal trapping webs in the creosote-shrubland ecotone on the Sevilleta National Wildlife Refuge in central New Mexico. The two trapping webs are sampled for 3 consecutive nights once per month following the new moon. Each trapping web consists of 145 rebar stakes, 12 spokes originating from a central rebar point, each containing 12 rebars each. The first 4 stakes of the spoke are 5m apart, with the rest being 10m apart for a total of 100m per spoke (200m diameter). Demographic data is collected from each captured animal including age, sex, species, trap location, and reproductive status. Each animal is marked with a unique ear or radio frequency identification (RFID) tag and tissue samples (hair, whiskers, blood and fecal) are collected from each individual once per month. Demographic Findings: From 2013–2023, the program captured an average of 432 unique individuals per year across >10 species from two rodent families, Heteromyidae and Cricetidae. Heteromyids are the most abundant (~77% of captures), with Perognathus flavus (51%), Dipodomys merriami (11%), D. ordii (11%), and D. spectabilis (4%) dominating the community. Recapture rates for these species are >75%, generating longitudinal data on survival.
Pre- and post-fire vegetation and fuel loading data from mixed conifer plots in Arizona and New Mexico: 2010-2023
A permanent plot network was installed in mixed conifer stands across the U.S. Southwest (Arizona and New Mexico) between 2010-2013, primarily to monitor the spread and severity of white pine blister rust (WPBR), a disease caused by the fungal pathogen Cronartium ribicola on southwestern white pine (Pinus strobiformis). Study sites were mid-to-high elevation mixed conifer stands composed of southwestern white pine, Douglas-fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii), white fir (Abies concolor), ponderosa pine (Pinus ponderosa), quaking aspen (Populus tremuloides), Gambel oak (Quercus gambelii), blue spruce (Picea pungens), Engelmann spruce (Picea engelmannii), corkbark fir (Abies latifolia var. arizonica), Rocky Mountain bristlecone pine (Pinus aristata), and New Mexico locust (Robinia neomexicana). After plot installation, 6 fires occurred in the study area, burning an estimated total of 489,390 acres and 30 plots. We remeasured plots at 1-, 5- and 10-year intervals post-fire, quantifying burn severity via a composite burn index (CBI) at the first year post-fire. We also assessed regeneration, overstory mortality, and fuel loading. Overstory variables collected included tree species, status, diameter at breast height (DBH), and mortality, as well as height, height to live crown base, strata, and crown class on a subset of trees. Understory trees were tallied by species. Fuel load was measured via transect and calculated in megagrams per hectare categorically based on fuel type. Other variables such as basal area and trees per hectare were derived and calculated. This dataset was utilized in the manuscript "Climate, fire, and the future of mixed conifer ecosystems in the U.S. Southwest" (currently in review), and R code used for analyses is included in the dataset.
Biocrust in compost addition plots in central New Mexico (2021-2024)
We investigated how 6.3 mm of surface-dressed compost (food-based vs. manure-based) at a central New Mexico, USA Tribal rangeland affected the temperature, soil C and N percent and stable isotope values values, and aggregate stability using the Herrick dip test.
Middle Rio Grande New Mexico, Bernalillo 550 Bridge, Water Quality Daily Means 2010-2018
This data package includes daily mean data for streamflow, turbidity, light, and gross primary production for a site on the Middle Rio Grande located at the Bernalillo 550 Bridge in Bernalillo New Mexico, USA, from 2010-01-01 to 2018-12-31.
Semi-Arid Grassland Nitrogen Addition Experiment: New Mexico, 2018-2021
This dataset contains field and laboratory incubation measurements from a four-year nutrient addition experiment (2018–2021) conducted in three adjacent (<5 km apart) Chihuahuan Desert grasslands near Carlsbad Caverns National Park, New Mexico, USA (32°10′31″N, 104°26′38″W). The three replicate grassland sites were dominated by different grass species: Bouteloua gracilis (“Native Grama” site), Muhlenbergia setifolia (“Native Muhly” site), and Eragrostis lehmanniana (“Invasive Lovegrass” site). The Native Grama and Invasive Lovegrass sites were located on recently deposited alluvial soils classified as Entisols (Ustic Torrifluvents), formed from gravelly alluvium derived from limestone. Soils at the Native Muhly site were classified as shallow Aridisols formed from colluvium and residuum weathered from limestone and dolomite. Plot soils at the Native Grama and Invasive Lovegrass sites were sandy loam, while soils at the Native Muhly site were loam. Pre-treatment soil chemistry (collected May 2018 at 0–5 cm depth) was relatively consistent across sites, with pH ranging from 7.6 to 7.8 and similar inorganic N concentrations. Experimental field plots at each site received annual additions of nitrogen (+2 or +4 kg N ha⁻¹ yr⁻¹ as ammonium nitrate), carbon (+6 g m⁻² as sucrose), or no additions (ambient control). In 2020, a supplemental water treatment was applied only at the Native Grama site to simulate an additional 55 mm of rainfall during the monsoon season. Field data include measurements of soil chemistry (pH, inorganic nutrients, extractable organic C, total N), microbial biomass (C, N, P), extracellular enzyme activities, vegetation cover by functional group, species richness, Shannon diversity indices, and foliar chemistry (%C, %N, C:N ratios). Measurements were collected seasonally (pre-monsoon, monsoon, winter) or annually at peak biomass from 2018 through 2021. Laboratory incubations were conducted to complement field measurements. In 2019, a 30-day nitrogen t
Ground Arthropod Community Survey in Grassland, Shrubland, and Woodland at the Sevilleta National Wildlife Refuge, New Mexico (1992-2004) (Reformatted to the ecocomDP Design Pattern)
This data package is formatted as an ecocomDP (Ecological Community Data Pattern). For more information on ecocomDP see https://github.com/EDIorg/ecocomDP. This Level 1 data package was derived from the Level 0 data package found here: https://pasta.lternet.edu/package/metadata/eml/knb-lter-sev/29/175390. The abstract below was extracted from the Level 0 data package and is included for context: This data set contains records for the numbers of selected groups of ground-dwelling arthropod species and individuals collected from pitfall traps at 4 sites on the Sevilleta NWR, including creotostebush shrubland, both black and blue grama grasslands, and a pinyon/juniper woodland. Data collections begin in May of 1989, and are represented by subsequent sample collections every 2 months. One site (Goat Draw/Cerro Montosa) was discontinued in 2001, and a new site (Blue Grama) was initiated . Only three sites, creosotebush, black grama, and blue grama were continued between 2001-2004.
Precipitation data from a standard can rain gauge at the LTER weather station, Jornada Basin, southern New Mexico, USA, 1992-ongoing
This data package contains precipitation measurements collected from a "dipstick" rain gauge (NOAA standard can type) at the LTER Weather Station in the Jornada Basin, southern New Mexico, USA. The primary purpose of this data set is to validate the LTER Weather Station tipping bucket rain gauge data. The dipstick rain gauge (DSRG) data is measured at least weekly during scheduled maintenance trips to the LTER Weather Station to maintain the evaporation pan water levels. During the summer months this may be twice a week. Additionally, DSRG data is collected after any rain event that requires the collection of the Wetfall/Dryfall precipitation buckets which are located about 10 meters from the DSRG. This is usually any amount greater than 0.02 inches. DSRG data is also collected after very small events when personnel are in the vicinity. Rain gauge records at this gauge began in 1992 and the study is ongoing.
Locally verified daily temperature and precipitation data from a NOAA weather station at USDA Jornada Experimental Range headquarters, southern New Mexico USA, 1914-2006
This data package contains locally verified daily meteorological observations from a NOAA National Weather Service station located at the USDA Jornada Experimental Range headquarters in southern New Mexico, USA. Daily data has been collected there by USDA staff since 1914 for minimum and maximum air temperature and daily accumulated precipitation using standard U.S. climatological service instrumentation and procedures. The included data were verified and transcribed directly from the original paper data sheets and have undergone quality control and assurance procedures different than those in place at NOAA. These data therefore differ from those directly downloadable from NOAA servers. Local verification and transcription of observations from the data sheets ceased in 2006 and data are now directly entered to the NOAA system. Therefore, this dataset is complete and will no longer be added to. All observations from this weather station have also undergone NOAA QA/QC procedures and those data are available by accessing the Jornada Experimental Range, NM US GHCN station through the National Climatic Data Center portal (https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/cdo-web/datasets/GHCND/stations/GHCND:USC00294426/detail - daily and monthly data are available).
Locally verified monthly summary temperature and precipitation data from a NOAA weather station at USDA Jornada Experimental Range headquarters, southern New Mexico USA, 1914-1998
This data package contains locally verified monthly meteorological observations from a NOAA National Weather Service station located at the USDA Jornada Experimental Range headquarters in southern New Mexico, USA. Monthly summary data (based on daily observations) has been collected there by USDA staff since 1914 for minimum and maximum air temperature and daily accumulated precipitation using standard U.S. climatological service instrumentation and procedures. The included data were verified and transcribed directly from the original paper data sheets and have undergone quality control and assurance procedures different than those in place at NOAA. These data therefore differ from those directly downloadable from NOAA servers. Local verification and transcription of observations from the data sheets ceased in 1998 and data are now directly entered to the NOAA system. Therefore, this dataset is complete and will no longer be added to. All observations from this weather station have also undergone NOAA QA/QC procedures and those data are available by accessing the Jornada Experimental Range, NM US GHCN station through the National Climatic Data Center portal https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/cdo-web/datasets/GSOM/stations/GHCND:USC00294426/detail - daily and monthly data are available).
Locally verified evaporation data from a NOAA evaporation pan at USDA Jornada Experimental Range headquarters, southern New Mexico USA, 1953-1979
This data package contains locally verified monthly total pan evaporation data from a NOAA National Weather Service station located at the USDA Jornada Experimental Range headquarters in southern New Mexico, USA. The evaporation pan measurements commenced in 1953 and ended in 1979 when the instrument was decommissioned. Pan evaporation observations were made using standard U.S. climatological service instrumentation and procedures. The included data were verified and transcribed directly from records retrieved from NOAA in ~1995 and have since undergone quality control and assurance procedures different than those in place at NOAA. These data therefore differ from those directly downloadable from NOAA servers. There is no further data from this decommissioned instrument, so this dataset is now complete and data will no longer be updated here. All observations from this weather station have also undergone NOAA QA/QC procedures and those data are available by accessing the Jornada Experimental Range, NM US GHCN station through the National Climatic Data Center portal (https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/cdo-web/datasets/GSOM/stations/GHCND:USC00294426/detail - monthly pan evaporation data are available back to 1930, but there may be data issues prior to 1953).
Water level data (15-min frequency) from 18 instrumented playas in the Jornada Basin, southern New Mexico, USA, from 2016-2022
This dataset contains water level data collected at 18 playas starting in June 2016 for a long-term study of playa inundation at the Jornada Basin LTER site in southern New Mexico, U.S.A. Playas are located throughout the Jornada Basin and are instrumented with dataloggers and attached pressure transducers located at the lowest point of each playa. Instantaneous measurements of surface water level are made every 15 minutes. Data are processed to flag errors and identify periods of playa inundation (floods). This is an ongoing study and the dataset will be updated yearly.
Long-Term Core Site Grasshopper Dynamics for the Sevilleta National Wildlife Refuge, New Mexico
Grasshoppers are important animals in semi-arid environments, both as herbivores and as food resources for higher level consumer animals. Grasshoppers tend to be numerous and speciose in semi-arid environments, especially desert grasslands, where they range from environmental specialists to environmental generalists. Grasshopper populations tend to change considerably from year to year, often in response to annual variation in rainfall and plant production. The purpose of this study was to monitor grasshopper species composition and abundance over large temporal and spatial dimentions which include black grama grassland, blue grama grassland, creosotebush shrubland, and pinyon/juniper woodland environments at the Sevilleta, in relation to seasonal and annual variation in precipitation and plant production. Data were collected for all individual species to provide information on community dynamics as well as population dynamics, starting in 1992 and continuing to the present. The working research hypothesis for this study was that grasshopper populations in all environments will correlate positively to seasonal and annual variation in precipitation and plant production. Spring grasshopper populations will be especially high during El Nino years, and late summer populations especially high during La Nina years.
Core Research Site Web Quadrat Data for the Net Primary Production Study at the Sevilleta National Wildlife Refuge, New Mexico
This dataset is part of a long-term study at the Sevilleta LTER measuring net primary production (NPP) across four distinct ecosystems: creosote-dominant shrubland (Site C, est. winter 1999), black grama-dominant grassland (Site G, est. winter 1999), blue grama-dominant grassland (Site B, est. winter 2002), and pinon-juniper woodland (Site P, est. winter 2003). Net primary production is a fundamental ecological variable that quantifies rates of carbon consumption and fixation. Estimates of NPP are important in understanding energy flow at a community level as well as spatial and temporal responses to a range of ecological processes. Above-ground net primary production is the change in plant biomass, represented by stems, flowers, fruit and and foliage, over time and incoporates growth as well as loss to death and decomposition. To measure this change the vegetation variables in this dataset, including species composition and the cover and height of individuals, are sampled twice yearly (spring and fall) at permanent 1m x 1m plots within each site. A third sampling at Site C is performed in the winter. The data from these plots is used to build regressions correlating biomass and volume via weights of select harvested species obtained in SEV157, "Net Primary Productivity (NPP) Weight Data." This biomass data is included in SEV182, "Seasonal Biomass and Seasonal and Annual NPP for Core Research Sites." This dataset is designated as NA-US-011 in the Global Index of Vegetation-Plot Databases (GIVD). To aid tracking of the use of databases in this index, please also reference this number when citing this data. The GIVD report for SEV129 can be found in: Biodiversity and Ecology 4 - Vegetation Databases for the 21st Century (2012) by J. Dengler et al.
Core Site Phenology Study from the Chihuahaun Desert Grassland and Shrubland at the Sevilleta National Wildlife Refuge, New Mexico
Plant phenology or life-history patterns change seasonally as plants grow, mature, flower, and produce fruit and seed. Plant phenology follows seasonal patterns, yet variation may occur due to annual differences in the timing of rainfall and ambient temperature shifts. Foliage growth, flower, fruit, and seed production are important aspects of plant population dynamics and food resource availability for animals. The purpose of this study is to assess phenological patterns of plants across a series of biotic communities that represent an environmental moisture gradient. These communities all in the Chihuahuan Desert include: creosote bush shrubland, black grama grassland, and blue grama grassland. Plant phenology is recorded for all plant species across 4 replicate 200 m transects at each of the 3 habitat sites. Plant phenology measurements are taken once every month from February through October. The first ten individuals (or ten representative individuals) of each plant species encountered along each transect are assessed for life-history status. Data from the site P and J were only collected in 2000 and 2001 and are included in this data set.
Nitrogen Fertilization Experiment (NFert): Net Primary Production Quadrat Data at the Sevilleta National Wildlife Refuge, New Mexico
This dataset is part of a long-term study at the Sevilleta LTER, begun in spring 2004, which examines how fertilization affects above-ground biomass production (ANPP) in a mixed desert-grassland. Net primary production is a fundamental ecological variable that quantifies rates of carbon consumption and fixation. Estimates of NPP are important in understanding energy flow at a community level as well as spatial and temporal responses to a range of ecological processes. Above-ground net primary production is the change in plant biomass, represented by stems, flowers, fruit and foliage, over time and incorporates growth as well as loss to death and decomposition. To measure this change the vegetation variables in this dataset, including species composition and the cover and height of individuals, are sampled twice yearly (spring and fall) at permanent 1m x 1m plots. The data from these plots is used to build regressions correlating biomass and volume via weights of select harvested species obtained in SEV157, "Net Primary Productivity (NPP) Weight Data." This biomass data is included in SEV186, "Nitrogen Fertilization Experiment (NFert): Seasonal Biomass and Seasonal and Annual NPP Data."
Burn Study Sites Quadrat Data for the Net Primary Production Study at the Sevilleta National Wildlife Refuge, New Mexico
In 2003, the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service conducted a prescribed burn over a large part of the northeastern corner of the Sevilleta National Wildlife Refuge. Following this burn, a study was designed to look at the effect of fire on above-ground net primary productivity (ANPP) (i.e., the change in plant biomass, represented by stems, flowers, fruit and foliage, over time) within three different vegetation types: mixed grass (MG), mixed shrub (MS) and black grama (G). Forty permanent 1m x 1m plots were installed in both burned and unburned (i.e., control) sections of each habitat type. The core black grama site included in SEV129 is used as a G control site for analyses and does not appear in this dataset. The MG control site caught fire unexpectedly in the fall of 2009 and some plots were subsequently moved to the south. For details of how the fire affected plot placement, see Methods below. In spring 2010, sampling of plots 16-25 was discontinued at the MG (burned and control) and G (burned treatment only) sites, reducing the number of sampled plots to 30 at each.To measure ANPP (i.e., the change in plant biomass, represented by stems, flowers, fruit and foliage, over time), the vegetation variables in this dataset, including species composition and the cover and height of individuals, are sampled twice yearly (spring and fall) at each plot. The data from these plots is used to build regressions correlating biomass and volume via weights of select harvested species obtained in SEV157, "Net Primary Productivity (NPP) Weight Data." This biomass data is included in SEV185, "Burn Study Sites Seasonal Biomass and Seasonal and Annual NPP Data."
Plant Removal Study: Recovery of Vegetation Following Disturbance at the Sevilleta National Wildlife Refuge, New Mexico
In 1995, a removal study was initiated at the Sevilleta LTER to examine the response of vegetation following the removal of dominant species. Five sites were selected that were dominated by either blue grama (site 1), blue and black grama (site 2), black grama (site 3), black grama and creosote (site 4), or creosote (site 5). A sixth site was later added in the blue grama community along the foothills of the Los Pinos Mountains (site 6). At sites 1, 3, 5, and 6, five 3m x 4m plots had all plants of the dominant species removed; five 3m x 4m plots were controls. At site 2, 5 plots had blue grama removed, 5 plots had black grama removed, and 5 plots were controls. At site 4, 5 plots had black grama removed, 5 plots had creosote removed, and 5 plots were controls. Initial cover prior to removal was estimated by species for each plot. Grass was removed using a shovel to collect above-ground biomass and crowns just below the soil surface. Shrubs were removed using large clippers to collect above-ground biomass to the soil surface. All biomass removed was bagged, dried, and weighed. Plot maintenance or removal of the target dominant species is performed annually or as needed. Rain gauges were installed at each site and the corners of the areas containing each set of plots GPS'd. Plot corners are marked by nails and are flagged periodically to aid identification and minimize foot traffic in the plots. Each northeast nail has a metal tag with site and plot number on it. Erosion bridges (1 m long) were installed in plots 1, 3 and 5 (removals and controls) at sites 1-5. Initial measurements were made in 1996.
Below-Ground Net Primary Production (BNPP): Root Ingrowth Donuts in Chihuahuan Desert Grassland and Creosote Shrubland at the Sevilleta National Wildlife Refuge, New Mexico
In 2005, annually harvested root ingrowth donut structures were co-located with previously established mini-rhizotron tubes established at four sites on McKenzie Flats located on the east side of Sevilleta NWR: 10 replicate structures in both burned and unburned blue and black grama dominated grassland plots at Deep Well, 10 replicates each on nitrogen fertilization plots and respective control plots on McKenzie Flats(20 total), 10 replicates in creosote dominated shrubland at the Five Points Creosote Core site and in 2011, 13 structures were put in the Monsoon site. Roots and soil are harvested annually in late fall after the growing season, and structures are reestablished in situ for consecutive harvests each year. Each structure allows roots to be harvested at two depths (0-15 and 15-30 cm) to estimate root production, or below ground net primary productivity. In order to compare estimates of root production from two methods, root ingrowth donuts were collocated with mini-rhizotron tubes at all localities except for the burned grassland plot at Deep Well.
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