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4 results for “Nitrogen deficit”
Data from: Source-sink relationships during grain filling in wheat in response to various temperature, water deficit and nitrogen deficit regimes
<p>Grain filling is a critical process for improving crop production under adverse conditions caused by climate change. Here, using a quantitative method, we quantified post-anthesis source-sink relationships of a large data set to assess the contribution of remobilized pre-anthesis assimilates to grain growth for both biomass and nitrogen. The data set came from 13 years' semi-controlled field experimentation, in which six bread wheat genotypes were grown at plot scale under contrasting temperature, water, and nitrogen regimes. On average, grain biomass was ~10% higher than post-anthesis aboveground biomass accumulation across regimes and genotypes. Overall, the estimated relative contribution (%) of remobilized assimilates to grain biomass became increasingly significant with increasing stress intensity, ranging from virtually nil to 100%. This percentage was altered more by water and nitrogen regimes than by temperature, indicating the greater impact of water or nitrogen regimes relative to high temperatures under our experimental conditions. Relationships between grain nitrogen demand and post-anthesis nitrogen uptake were generally insensitive to environmental conditions, as there was always significant remobilization of nitrogen from vegetative organs, which helped to stabilize the amount of grain nitrogen. Moreover, variations in the relative contribution of remobilized assimilates with environmental variables were genotype-dependent. Our analysis provides an overall picture of post-anthesis source-sink relationships and pre-anthesis assimilate contributions to grain filling across (non-)environmental factors, and highlights that designing wheat adaption to climate change should account for complex multi-factor interactions.</p>
Data from: Source-sink relationships during grain filling in wheat in response to various temperature, water deficit and nitrogen deficit regimes
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Re-allocation of nitrogen and phosphorus from roots drives regrowth of grasses and sedges after defoliation under deficit irrigation and nitrogen enrichment
<p>1. Re-allocation of nutrients from roots to shoots is essential for plant regrowth in grasslands, particularly in nutrient-poor conditions. However, the response of root nutrient re-allocation to changes in nitrogen (N) and water availability remains largely unknown.</p> <p><span>2. Using a novel <sup>15</sup>N and <sup>32</sup>P labelling technique, we quantified the contribution of N and phosphorus (P) to shoot regrowth from either root re-allocation or direct soil uptake for perennial grasses exposed to high-frequency deficit irrigation (HFDI) and N addition. </span></p> <p><span>3. Without N addition, HFDI showed no impact on uptake and re-allocation of N and P, likely due to unaffected soil N availability and a greater diffusion barrier offsetting increased accumulation in plant-available soil P. With N addition, HFDI increased plant N rather than P uptake, because of increasing soil N availability instead of P under combined HFDI and N addition. The HFDI decreased both N and P re-allocation with N addition, possibly due to exhaustion of nutrient reserves in roots that were re-allocated aboveground. Re-allocation contributed 48-97% of N and 58-79% of P required during the first two weeks of shoot regrowth. </span></p> <p><span>4. <i>Synthesis</i>. Our results highlight the importance of N and P re-allocation from roots to buffer against changes in soil N and P availability and to maintain N:P ratio in shoot regrowth.</span></p>
Re-allocation of nitrogen and phosphorus from roots drives regrowth of grasses and sedges after defoliation under deficit irrigation and nitrogen enrichment
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