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13 results for “Northeastern US”
Leaf temperature of northeastern US tree species
Leaf temperature measurements were collected during the summer of 2020 within forested areas at the Thompson Farm Earth Systems Observatory in Durham, New Hampshire, USA. Located within the property is a registered Ameriflux site, Thompson Farm Forest (US-TFF), as well as experimental throughfall exclusion plots that are part of DroughtNet (experiment running since 2015). Leaf temperature measurements were made within the footprint of the eddy covariance flux tower as well as within both control and throughfall exclusion treatment plots. Upper canopy foliage was accessed using a bucket lift and in situ measurements made using a handheld thermal IR sensor. All data were paired with concurrent meteorological measurements from US-TFF or data from a co-located NOAA CRN station (NH Durham 2 SSW). Additionally, leaf chemical, physical, structure, and physiological traits have been measured at this site as well as canopy scale measures of structure and UAV-based spectral, thermal, and lidar imagery. Specific to this leaf temperature dataset, leaf-level light, temperature, and vpd photosynthetic response curves were measured.
Abundance-mediated species interactions between coyote, fisher, and marten in Northeastern US
<p>Ecological theory posits that the strength of interspecific interactions is fundamentally underpinned by the population sizes of the involved species. Nonetheless, contemporary approaches for modelling species interactions predominantly centre around occupancy states. Here, we use simulations to illuminate the inadequacies of modelling species interactions solely as a function of occupancy, as is common practice in ecology. We demonstrate erroneous inference into species interactions due to bias in parameter estimates when considering species occupancy alone. To address this critical issue, we propose, develop, and demonstrate an occupancy-abundance model designed explicitly for modelling abundance-mediated species interactions involving two or more species. When modelling interactions as a function of abundance rather than occupancy, we uncover previously unidentified interactions. Through an empirical case study and comprehensive simulations, we demonstrate the importance of accounting for abundance when modelling species interactions, and we present a statistical framework equipped with MCMC samplers to achieve this paradigm shift in ecological research.</p>
Data associated with paper titled "Declining trends in canopy disturbance across reserve forest landscapes of the northeastern US"
<p>Data associated with work presented in an article submitted to Forest Ecology and Management entitled "Declining trends in canopy disturbance across reserve forest landscapes of the northeastern US". </p> <p>.tif files are forest disturbance maps created with the LandTrendr change detection algorithm and processes to show all disturbance events at an annual scale. Processing code available here: https://github.com/cafri-labs/lt_resources/blob/main/scripts/create_loss_layer.R </p> <p>.gpkg file is the boundaries of NYS land used in the study with dates of property acquisition</p> <p>Code used for the analysis of this data can be found here: https://github.com/cafri-labs/trends_canopy_disturbance</p>
Abundance-mediated species interactions between coyote, fisher, and marten in Northeastern US
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CH4 Uptake by Forest Soils at two sites in the Northeastern US
Soil to atmosphere net CH4 fluxes were measured at two different sites in order to assess the long term effects of environmental change on soil CH4 uptake. This data set includes samples collected between 1998-2016 at the Baltimore Ecosystem Study, MD and Hubbard Brook Experimental Forest, NH from 2002-2015. These data were assembled and are published here in support of the following paper: Ni, X. and P.M. Groffman. 2018. Decines in methane uptake in forest soils. Proceedings of the National Academies of Science of the United States of America: www.pnas.org/cgi/doi/10.1073/pnas.1807377115. This datset is a derived from two datasets in this same repository: Groffman P. 2017. Soil atmosphere fluxes of carbon dioxide, nitrous oxide and methane. Environmental Data Initiative. https://doi.org/10.6073/pasta/d2d727c9638c0fc23bd5be55a767cfb5 Groffman P. 2016. Forest soil:atmosphere fluxes of carbon dioxide, nitrous oxide and methane at the Hubbard Brook Experimental Forest, 1997- present. Environmental Data Initiative. https://doi.org/10.6073/pasta/9d017f1a32cba6788d968dc03632ee03.
Settlement-Era Gridded Tree Composition, Northeastern US: Level 2
This is a data product of the estimated composition of tree taxa at the time of European and Euro-American settlement of the northeastern United States. Composition is defined as the proportion of stems larger than approximately 20 cm diameter at breast height in 22 taxonomic groupings, generally at the genus level. The data come from settlement survey records that provide raw data that are transcribed and then aggregated spatially, giving count data. The domain is divided into two regions, eastern (Maine to Ohio) and western (Indiana to Minnesota). Public Land Survey point data in the western region are aggregated to a regular 8 km grid, while data in the eastern region, from Town Proprietor Surveys, are aggregated at the township level in irregularly-shaped local administrative units. The product is based on a Bayesian statistical model fit to the count data that estimates composition on a regular 8 km grid. The statistical model allows us to estimate composition at locations with no data and to smooth over noise caused by limited counts in locations with data. Critically, it also allows us to quantify uncertainty in our composition estimates. We expect this data product to be useful for understanding the state of vegetation in the northeastern United States prior to large-scale European settlement. In addition to specific regional questions, the data product can also serve as a baseline against which to investigate how forests and ecosystems change after intensive settlement. This material is based upon work supported by the National Science Foundation under grants #DEB-1241874, 1241868, 1241870, 1241851, 1241891, 1241846, 1241856, 1241930.
STEPPS 8000 Year Forest Composition Estimates, Northeastern US, Level 2
These reconstructions of forest composition in the northeastern US for the last 8,000 years help establish natural baselines, variability, and trajectories of forest dynamics before and during the emergence of intensive anthropogenic land use. These reconstructions are based on 1) the pollen–vegetation model (PVM) STEPPS, 2) a network of fossil and modern pollen data mostly drawn from the Neotoma Paleoecology Database (www.neotomadb.org), and 3) a vegetation calibration dataset based on a spatial statistical model of relative tree abundances from the Township Proprietor Survey (TPS) from the early EuroAmerican settlement period. STEPPS is a process-based Bayesian Hierarchical Model that is run in two stages: a parameterization stage based upon spatial data layers of forest composition and pollen assemblages, and a prediction stage based on fossil pollen assemblages. The statistical modeling of the TPS forest data and relative abundances is described by Paciorek et al. (2016, PLoS One, doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0150087) and is available at EDI as PalEON Products msb.paleon.1 (doi: 10.6073/pasta/8544e091b64db26fdbbbafd0699fa4f9) and msb.paleon.4 (doi: 10.6073/pasta/3c4844cfe8beff6b173b62034d1cb5d8). The parameterization of STEPPS and comparison to REVEALS, a different widely used PVM, is described by Trachsel et al. (2020, Quaternary Research, doi:10.1017/qua.2019.81). Both PVMs predict the observed macroscale patterns of vegetation composition in the NEUS; however, reconstructions of minor taxa are less accurate and predictions for some taxa differ between PVMs. These differences can be attributed to intermodel differences in structure and parameter estimates. STEPPS parameter estimates are similar between the UMW and NEUS, suggesting that STEPPS parameter estimates are transferable between floristically similar regions and scales. The parameterized STEPPS model was then run for a network of fossil pollen records from the Neotoma Paleoecology Database to produce post
Can at-risk species serve as effective conservation surrogates? Case study in northeastern US shrublands
<p>Targeted, single-species management and ecosystem-based management are generally considered disparate conservation approaches. In imperiled ecosystems, these approaches may be complementary, when habitat management for targeted at-risk species provides broad ecosystem benefits through an umbrella or surrogate species effect. In the northeastern United States, extensive management has been ongoing since 2011 to restore declining habitat for an at-risk shrubland habitat specialist, the New England cottontail (<i>Sylvilagus transitionalis</i>), with the goal that other shrubland-obligate wildlife will also benefit; yet the efficacy of these efforts has not been evaluated. In this study, we assessed whether habitat management targeting New England cottontail provides conservation benefits for shrubland-obligate birds. Specifically, we (1) identified shrubland-obligate birds that are indicative of the microhabitat conditions and habitat types suitable for New England cottontails, and (2) determined microhabitat and patch-level influences on shrubland bird occupancy at sites occupied by or managed for New England cottontail. Through avian point count surveys and indicator species analyses, we identified 12 shrubland-obligate bird species on patches occupied by New England cottontail and in microhabitat conditions suitable for New England cottontail. Occupancy models for five shrubland bird species further identified species-specific habitat associations. Generalized linear models showed that shrubland bird species richness was positively associated with herbaceous vegetation and low shrubs, indicating that shrublands managed for the purpose of cottontail colonization can also benefit a suite of shrubland birds before the habitat is dense enough to provide cover for cottontails. Our findings show that managing habitat for New England cottontail on a variety of site types can maintain a range of microhabitat conditions to support a high diversity of shrubland-obligate birds. These findings provide evidence for broad ecosystem benefits of managing for New England cottontail and exemplify the value of at-risk habitat specialists as conservation surrogates in imperiled ecosystems.</p>
Can at-risk species serve as effective conservation surrogates? Case study in northeastern US shrublands
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Data from: Historical changes in northeastern US bee pollinators related to shared ecological traits
Pollinators such as bees are essential to the functioning of terrestrial ecosystems. However, despite concerns about a global pollinator crisis, long-term data on the status of bee species are limited. We present a long-term study of relative rates of change for an entire regional bee fauna in the northeastern United States, based on >30,000 museum records representing 438 species. Over a 140-y period, aggregate native species richness weakly decreased, but richness declines were significant only for the genus Bombus. Of 187 native species analyzed individually, only three declined steeply, all of these in the genus Bombus. However, there were large shifts in community composition, as indicated by 56% of species showing significant changes in relative abundance over time. Traits associated with a declining relative abundance include small dietary and phenological breadth and large body size. In addition, species with lower latitudinal range boundaries are increasing in relative abundance, a finding that may represent a response to climate change. We show that despite marked increases in human population density and large changes in anthropogenic land use, aggregate native species richness declines were modest outside of the genus Bombus. At the same time, we find that certain ecological traits are associated with declines in relative abundance. These results should help target conservation efforts focused on maintaining native bee abundance and diversity and therefore the important ecosystems services that they provide.
Data from: Historical changes in northeastern US bee pollinators related to shared ecological traits
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Data from: A characterization of autumn nocturnal migration detected by weather surveillance radars in the northeastern US
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Dynamics of wood recruitment in streams of the northeastern US
A space-for-time analysis was used to quantify large wood loading to 28 streams in the northeastern US with a range of in-stream and riparian forest characteristics in order to better inform stream restoration and stream management efforts. We documented the current volume and frequency of occurrence of large wood in streams with riparian forests varying in their stage of stand development as well as stream size and gradient. This data set includes wood, stream and riparian forest metrics collected between 2003 and 2007. Linear models relating stream wood characteristics to stream geomorphic and forest characteristics were compared and results can be found in: Warren, D. R., C. E. Kraft, W. S. Keeton, J. S. Nunery and G. E. Likens. 2009. Dynamics of wood recruitment in streams of the northeastern US. Forest Ecology and Management 258(5):804-81 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foreco.2009.05.020 These data were gathered as part of the Hubbard Brook Ecosystem Study (HBES). The HBES is a collaborative effort at the Hubbard Brook Experimental Forest, which is operated and maintained by the USDA Forest Service, Northern Research Station.
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
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DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
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International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.