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34 results for “Nutrient Network”
Nutrient Network (NutNet) basic sampling at the Georgia Coastal Ecosystems LTER in summer 2019.
NutNet is a distributed ecological experiment with a sampling component and an experiment. The goal of this work was to conduct the NutNet sampling protocol at the GCE site. Comparisons can be made 1) within the GCE site, and 2) between GCE and other NutNet sites, most of which are terrestrial. More about Nutnet here: http://www.nutnet.umn.edu/.
Metabolism dataset: one year of high-frequency temperature, dissolved oxygen, wind, photosynthetically active radiation observations and low-frequency nutrient data for 58 lakes in the Global Lake Ecological Observatory Network
Understanding controls on primary productivity is essential for describing ecosystems and their responses to environmental change. Lake primary production is strongly controlled by inputs of nutrients and colored dissolved organic matter. While past studies have developed mathematical models of this nutrient-color paradigm, broad empirical tests of these models are scarce. We compiled data from 58 diverse and globally distributed and mostly temperate lakes to test such a model and improve understanding and prediction of the controls on lake primary production. These lakes varied widely in size (0.02-2300 km2), pelagic gross primary production (20-8000 mg C m-2 d-1), and other characteristics. The data package includes high-frequency dissolved oxygen, water temperature, wind speed, and solar radiation data as well as daily estimates of GPP and ER derived from those data. In addition, the data package includes median in-lake and stream concentrations of dissolved organic carbon and total phosphorus for a subset of 18 of those lakes.
Oak litter decomposition parameters across 19 Nutrient Network grassland sites in response to NPK and herbivore exclusion treatments
These data are from a study examining how herbivory and nutrient supply affect long-term aboveground decomposition. A novel oak litter was decomposed across 19 grassland sites of the Nutrient Network distributed experiment. At each site, a full-factorial experiment of combined nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium plus micronutrients ('control' or 'NPK') and mammalian herbivore exclusion ('fencing') was carried out in a randomized block design. The duration of the decomposition experiment varied by site but litter bags were harvested at approximately annual intervals for up to seven years. Litter decay parameters were calculated using four alternative statistical models of litter decomposition. Covariate data describing site and plot-level abiotic and biotic characteristics were also measured, including climate, atmospheric nitrogen deposition, live and dead aboveground biomass, and percent cover.
Heterotrophic Respiration from Nine Nutrient Network Grasslands in North America
This experiment tracks the response of soil heterotrophic respiration (i.e., soil organic matter decomposition), enzyme expression, and microbial biomass in nine US grasslands participating in the globally-distributed Nutrient Network. At Cedar Creek, as in over 70 other sites in grasslands around the world, the experiment aims to describe impacts of increased nutrients (nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, sulfur and other metals) and decreased herbivory (removal of mammals by fencing). Two overarching questions are being explored with these manipulations: 1. To what extent are plant production and diversity co-limited by multiple nutrients in herbaceous-dominated communities? 2. Under what conditions do grazers or fertilization control plant biomass, diversity, and composition? By utilizing identical protocols at diverse grassland sites around the world, NutNet aims to uncover both the generalities in ecosystem functioning, and the contingencies or differences which can obscure those common mechanisms. In addition to the standard NutNet protocol, e247 includes an additional low Nitrogen gradient (1 gram Nitrogen per meter squared per year and 5 grams Nitrogen per meter squared per year in addition to the standard 10 grams Nitrogen per meter squared per year). These samples in the present dataset were collected at the same time as soil and plant samples for https://doi.org/10.6073/pasta/7f984c2ed9e63754577ee711e6d74a6e.
Networking nutrients: how nutrition determines the structure of ecological networks - Dataset
<p>Raw sequencing data and other metadata files are associated with Cuff et al. (2021a, 2022a), available at https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4708418</p> <p>Data/code relating to the macronutrient contents and delineation of tropho-species clusters are associated with Cuff et al. (2021b, 2022b), available at https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5738016</p> <p>Cuff, Jordan P. (2021a). A molecular analysis of the diet and biocontrol potential of spiders in cereal crops - Dataset. <em>Zenodo</em>. doi: 10.5281/zenodo.4708419</p> <p>Cuff, Jordan Patrick, Tercel, M. P., Vaughan, I. P., Drake, L. E., Wilder, S. M., Bell, J. R., … Symondson, W. O. (2021b). Evidence for nutrient-specific foraging of predators under field conditions. <em>Zenodo</em>. doi: 10.5281/zenodo.5738015</p> <p>Cuff, Jordan P., Tercel, M. P. T. G., Drake, L. E., Vaughan, I. P., Bell, J. R., Orozco-terWengel, P., … Symondson, W. O. C. (2022a). Density-independent prey choice, taxonomy, life history and web characteristics determine the diet and biocontrol potential of spiders (Linyphiidae and Lycosidae) in cereal crops. <em>Environmental DNA</em>, in press. doi: 10.1002/edn3.272</p> <p>Cuff, Jordan P., Tercel, M. P. T. G., Vaughan, I. P., Drake, L. E., Wilder, S. M., Bell, J. R., … Symondson, W. O. C. (2022b). Evidence for nutrient-specific foraging of predators under field conditions. <em>Authorea</em>. doi: 10.22541/au.164908092.21266343/v1</p>
Linking temporal changes in species composition and biomass in a globally distributed grassland experiment: The Nutrient Network
Global change drivers, such as anthropogenic nutrient inputs, are increasing globally. Nutrient deposition simultaneously alters plant biodiversity, species composition, and ecosystem processes like aboveground biomass production. These changes are underpinned by species extinction, colonization, and shifting relative abundance. Here, we use the Price equation to quantify and link the contributions of species that are lost, gained, or that persist to change in aboveground biomass in 59 experimental grassland sites. Under ambient (control) conditions, compositional and biomass turnover was high, and losses (i.e., local extinctions) were balanced by gains (i.e. colonization). Under fertilization, the decline in species richness resulted from increased species loss and from decreases in species gained. Biomass increase under fertilization resulted mostly from species that persist, and to a lesser extent from species gained. Drivers of ecological change can interact relatively independently with diversity, composition, and ecosystem processes and functions such as aboveground biomass due to the individual contributions of species lost, gained, or persisting.
NUT01 Nutrient Network: Investigating the roles of nutrient availability and vertebrate herbivory on grassland structure and function at Konza Prairie
The goals and focal research questions are copied below from the Nutrient Network website. More information can be found at nutnet.org. NutNet focal research questions: (1) How general is our current understanding of productivity-diversity relationships? (2) To what extent are plant production and diversity co-limited by multiple nutrients in herbacoues-dominated communities? (3) Under what conditions do grazers or fertilization control plant biomass, diversity, and composition? NutNet goals: (1) To collect data from a broad range of sites in a consistent manner to allow direct comparisons of environment-productivity-diversity relationships among systems around the world. This is currently occurring at each site in the network and, when these data are compiled, will allow us to provide new insights into several important, unanswered questions in ecology. (2) To implement a cross-site experiment requiring only nominal investment of time and resources by each investigator, but quantifying community and ecosystem responses in a wide range of herbaceous-dominated ecosystems (i.e., desert grasslands to arctic tundra).
Cover and rank percentile of initially dominant species in global Nutrient Network plots from 2007-2023
This dataset uses data from the NutNet dataset to examine the factors controlling how initially dominant species decay in dominance through time. We use data from all sites that had NPK and/or fencing treatments and pre-treatment when data was downloaded in 2021; 90 sites in all were used. Perturbations were NPK treatments (nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and micronutrients) and fencing (vertebrate herbivore exclusion). Dominance was quantified as the rank percentile of a species in each year. Rank percentiles range from 1 (most abundant) to 0 (absent), with decimal values indicating relative rank - e.g. a species with rank 0.6 is more abundant than 60% of co-occurring species. Thus, only species with a rank of 1 in year o (pre-treatment) are included in this dataset. Covariates for examining rates of dominance decay include plot level initial and yearly cover values, both absolute and relativized; species provenance, lifespan, and functional group; site level climate variables and site richness.
Species persistence and mean rank abundance in global Nutrient Network plots from 2007-2019
This dataset uses data from the NutNet dataset to examine how temporal and spatial rarity are related, how temporal and spatial rarity predict species loss in ambient and experimentally perturbed plots. We use data from all sites that had NPK and/or fencing treatments with a minimum of five years of cover data when data was downloaded on August 2, 2019; 49 sites in all were used. Perturbations were NPK treatments (nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and micronutrients) and fencing (vertebrate herbivore exclusion). Temporal rarity was assessed as the percentage of years a species was found in a plot (calculated in R script) and spatial rarity was assessed as the mean rank percentile of a species across all years in a plot (included in data table). We found that persistence (i.e. temporal rarity) was a better predictor than local abundance (i.e. spatial rarity) of whether a species would be absent in a neighboring plot, despite the rarity axes being correlated. Additionally, perturbations reduced persistence most strongly in highly persistent species and low abundance species, further suggesting these are unique dimensions of rarity.
Plant pests influence the movement of plant-fixed carbon and fungal-acquired nutrients through arbuscular mycorrhizal networks
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Plant Species Composition percent cover:Nutrient Network: A cross-site investigation of bottom-up control over herbaceous plant community dynamics and ecosystem function.
This experiment is one implementation of a globally distributed experiment, known as the Nutrient Network. At Cedar Creek, as in over 70 other sites in grasslands around the world, the experiment aims to describe impacts of increased nutrients (nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, sulfur and other metals) and decreased herbivory (removal of mammals by fencing). Two overarching questions are being explored with these manipulations: 1. To what extent are plant production and diversity co-limited by multiple nutrients in herbaceous-dominated communities? 2. Under what conditions do grazers or fertilization control plant biomass, diversity, and composition? By utilizing identical protocols at diverse grassland sites around the world, NutNet aims to uncover both the generalities in ecosystem functioning, and the contingencies or differences which can obscure those common mechanisms. In addition to the standard NutNet protocol, e247 includes an additional low Nitrogen gradient (1 gram Nitrogen per meter squared per year and 5 grams Nitrogen per meter squared per year in addition to the standard 10 grams Nitrogen per meter squared per year).
Light Availability:Nutrient Network: A cross-site investigation of bottom-up control over herbaceous plant community dynamics and ecosystem function.
This experiment is one implementation of a globally distributed experiment, known as the Nutrient Network. At Cedar Creek, as in over 70 other sites in grasslands around the world, the experiment aims to describe impacts of increased nutrients (nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, sulfur and other metals) and decreased herbivory (removal of mammals by fencing). Two overarching questions are being explored with these manipulations: 1. To what extent are plant production and diversity co-limited by multiple nutrients in herbaceous-dominated communities? 2. Under what conditions do grazers or fertilization control plant biomass, diversity, and composition? By utilizing identical protocols at diverse grassland sites around the world, NutNet aims to uncover both the generalities in ecosystem functioning, and the contingencies or differences which can obscure those common mechanisms. In addition to the standard NutNet protocol, e247 includes an additional low Nitrogen gradient (1 gram Nitrogen per meter squared per year and 5 grams Nitrogen per meter squared per year in addition to the standard 10 grams Nitrogen per meter squared per year).
Aboveground Standing Crop Biomass:Nutrient Network A cross-site investigation of bottom-up control over herbaceous plant community dynamics and ecosystem function
This experiment is one implementation of a globally distributed experiment, known as the Nutrient Network. At Cedar Creek, as in over 70 other sites in grasslands around the world, the experiment aims to describe impacts of increased nutrients (nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, sulfur and other metals) and decreased herbivory (removal of mammals by fencing). Two overarching questions are being explored with these manipulations: 1. To what extent are plant production and diversity co-limited by multiple nutrients in herbaceous-dominated communities? 2. Under what conditions do grazers or fertilization control plant biomass, diversity, and composition? By utilizing identical protocols at diverse grassland sites around the world, NutNet aims to uncover both the generalities in ecosystem functioning, and the contingencies or differences which can obscure those common mechanisms. In addition to the standard NutNet protocol, e247 includes an additional low Nitrogen gradient (1 gram Nitrogen per meter squared per year and 5 grams Nitrogen per meter squared per year in addition to the standard 10 grams Nitrogen per meter squared per year).
Plant and soil organic matter responses to ten years of nutrient enrichment in the Nutrient Network:Nutrient Network. A cross-site investigation of bottom-up control over herbaceous plant community dynamics and ecosystem function
This experiment is one implementation of a globally distributed experiment, known as the Nutrient Network. At Cedar Creek, as in over 70 other sites in grasslands around the world, the experiment aims to describe impacts of increased nutrients (nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, sulfur and other metals) and decreased herbivory (removal of mammals by fencing). Two overarching questions are being explored with these manipulations: 1. To what extent are plant production and diversity co-limited by multiple nutrients in herbaceous-dominated communities? 2. Under what conditions do grazers or fertilization control plant biomass, diversity, and composition? By utilizing identical protocols at diverse grassland sites around the world, NutNet aims to uncover both the generalities in ecosystem functioning, and the contingencies or differences which can obscure those common mechanisms. In addition to the standard NutNet protocol, e247 includes an additional low Nitrogen gradient (1 gram Nitrogen per meter squared per year and 5 grams Nitrogen per meter squared per year in addition to the standard 10 grams Nitrogen per meter squared per year).
Plant above and belowground biomass across an N fertilization gradient after 13 years of fertilization:Nutrient Network. A cross-site investigation of bottom-up control over herbaceous plant community dynamics and ecosystem function
This experiment is one implementation of a globally distributed experiment, known as the Nutrient Network. At Cedar Creek, as in over 70 other sites in grasslands around the world, the experiment aims to describe impacts of increased nutrients (nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, sulfur and other metals) and decreased herbivory (removal of mammals by fencing). Two overarching questions are being explored with these manipulations: 1. To what extent are plant production and diversity co-limited by multiple nutrients in herbaceous-dominated communities? 2. Under what conditions do grazers or fertilization control plant biomass, diversity, and composition? By utilizing identical protocols at diverse grassland sites around the world, NutNet aims to uncover both the generalities in ecosystem functioning, and the contingencies or differences which can obscure those common mechanisms. In addition to the standard NutNet protocol, e247 includes an additional low Nitrogen gradient (1 gram Nitrogen per meter squared per year and 5 grams Nitrogen per meter squared per year in addition to the standard 10 grams Nitrogen per meter squared per year).
Net ecosystem exchange measurements throughout the 2020 growing season across an N fertilization gradient:Nutrient Network. A cross-site investigation of bottom-up control over herbaceous plant community dynamics and ecosystem function.
This experiment is one implementation of a globally distributed experiment, known as the Nutrient Network. At Cedar Creek, as in over 70 other sites in grasslands around the world, the experiment aims to describe impacts of increased nutrients (nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, sulfur and other metals) and decreased herbivory (removal of mammals by fencing). Two overarching questions are being explored with these manipulations: 1. To what extent are plant production and diversity co-limited by multiple nutrients in herbaceous-dominated communities? 2. Under what conditions do grazers or fertilization control plant biomass, diversity, and composition? By utilizing identical protocols at diverse grassland sites around the world, NutNet aims to uncover both the generalities in ecosystem functioning, and the contingencies or differences which can obscure those common mechanisms. In addition to the standard NutNet protocol, e247 includes an additional low Nitrogen gradient (1 gram Nitrogen per meter squared per year and 5 grams Nitrogen per meter squared per year in addition to the standard 10 grams Nitrogen per meter squared per year).
Data from: The fat body cortical actin network regulates Drosophila inter-organ nutrient trafficking, signaling, and adipocyte cell size
<p>Defective nutrient storage and adipocyte enlargement (hypertrophy) are emerging features of metabolic syndrome and type 2 diabetes. How the cytoskeletal network contributes to nutrient uptake, fat storage, and adipocyte size remains poorly understood. Utilizing the <em>Drosophila</em> larval fat body (FB) as a model adipose tissue, we show that a specific actin isoform—Act5C—forms the cortical actin network necessary for inter-organ lipid trafficking. Act5C also promotes FB tissue expansion during larval development so larvae can store sufficient biomass for metamorphosis. We find FB-specific loss of Act5C, but not other <em>Drosophila</em> actins, perturbs FB triglyceride (TG) storage in lipid droplets (LDs), resulting in developmentally delayed larvae that fail to develop into flies. Act5C localizes to the FB cell surface where it intimately contacts peripheral LDs (pLDs), forming a cortical actin network together with spectrins for cell architectural support. While both the cortical actin and spectrin cytoskeletons maintain FB cell surface architecture, we find that only the actin network is required for fat storage. Mechanistically, we show that FBs lacking the Act5C cortical cytoskeleton exhibit a block in lipoprotein (Lpp) secretion from FB cells, and a subsequent disruption of gut:FB inter-organ lipid transport, resulting in mid-gut fat accumulation. Utilizing temporal RNAi-depletion approaches, we also reveal that Act5C is indispensable post-embryogenesis during larval feeding to promote FB cell expansion. Act5C-deficient FBs fail to expand cell sizes, leading to lipodystrophic larvae unable to accrue sufficient biomass for metamorphosis. Collectively, we propose that the Act5C-mediated cortical actin network of <em>Drosophila</em> adipose tissue plays an essential role in post-embryonic inter-organ nutrient transport and FB cell size determination for organismal energy homeostasis and development.</p>
Data from: The fat body cortical actin network regulates Drosophila inter-organ nutrient trafficking, signaling, and adipocyte cell size
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Data from: Plant traits and tissue stoichiometry explain nutrient transfer in common arbuscular mycorrhizal networks of temperate grasslands
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2007 pre-treatment soils pH, nutrients, texture:Nutrient Network: A cross-site investigation of bottom-up control over herbaceous plant community dynamics and ecosystem function.
This experiment is one implementation of a globally distributed experiment, known as the Nutrient Network. At Cedar Creek, as in over 70 other sites in grasslands around the world, the experiment aims to describe impacts of increased nutrients (nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, sulfur and other metals) and decreased herbivory (removal of mammals by fencing). Two overarching questions are being explored with these manipulations: 1. To what extent are plant production and diversity co-limited by multiple nutrients in herbaceous-dominated communities? 2. Under what conditions do grazers or fertilization control plant biomass, diversity, and composition? By utilizing identical protocols at diverse grassland sites around the world, NutNet aims to uncover both the generalities in ecosystem functioning, and the contingencies or differences which can obscure those common mechanisms. In addition to the standard NutNet protocol, e247 includes an additional low Nitrogen gradient (1 gram Nitrogen per meter squared per year and 5 grams Nitrogen per meter squared per year in addition to the standard 10 grams Nitrogen per meter squared per year).
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