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11 results for “Ny Ålesund / Svalbard”
A new repository of electrical resistivity tomography and ground penetrating radar data from summer 2022 near Ny-Ålesund, Svalbard.
<p>We present the geophysical data set acquired in summer 2022 close to Ny-Ålesund (Western Svalbard, Brøggerhalvøya peninsula, Norway) as part of the project ICEtoFLUX (MUR/PRA2021 project-0027). The data set is composed of Electrical Resistivity Tomography (ERT) and GroundPenetrating Radar (GPR) surveys, which are well-known geophysical techniques for the characterization of glacial and hydrological processes and features. 18 ERT profiles and 10 GPR lines were acquired, for a total surveyed length of 9.3 km. The data have been organized in a consistent repository that includes both raw and processed (filtered) data. Some representative examples of 2D models of the subsurface are provided, that is, 2D sections of electrical resistivity (from ERT) and 2D radargrams (from GPR). These examples can support the identification of the active layer and the occurrence of spatial variation of soil conditions at depth. The aim of the investigation is to characterize the role of groundwater flow in correspondence of the active layer as well as through and/or below the permafrost. The data set is of major relevance because scant attention has been paid to the publication of geophysical data from the Ny-Ålesund area so far. Moreover, these geophysical data can foster multidisciplinary scientific collaborations in the fields of hydrology, glaciology, climate, geology, geomorphology, etc. To a large extent, the data set can provide new insight into the hydrological dynamics and polar and climate changes studies on the Ny-Ålesund area. </p>
Data set of detected atmospheric rivers, cyclones, and fronts within the region of 75°N – 82.5°N, 0°E – 30°E and at Ny-Ålesund (Svalbard) for 2017 – 2021
<p>This data set contains times when atmospheric rivers, cyclones, or fronts have been detected within the broader region of 75°N – 82.5°N, 0°E – 30°E and specifically at Ny-Ålesund, Svalbard (78.92308 °N, 11.92108 °E) for the years 2017 to 2021. To this end, the detection methods, as described in Lauer et al. (2023), have been applied to the hourly-resolved ERA5 reanalysis (Hersbach et al., 2020) data. </p> <p>Data set overview</p> <p>Each file contains the times (year, month, day, hour in UTC) when the corresponding weather system, i.e. atmospheric river, cyclone and front, has been detected within the region of 75°N – 82.5°N, 0°E – 30°E. The last column indicates if the weather system was located also over Ny-Ålesund Svalbard (78.92308 °N, 11.92108 °E). </p>
CO2 NEE and ER + air and soil meteorological and climate parameters in Arctic tundra, Ny Ålesund (Svalbard, NO) - summer 2019
<p>The dataset “fluxes_meteoclimate_NyAlesund” is a .csv file reporting CO2 fluxes and basic meteoclimatic variables measured in the Bayelva Basin near Ny Ålesund, in the Brøgger peninsula, Spitsbergen, Norway (78°55’24’’ N, 11°55’15’’E) during the 2019 growing season peak (July-August). Average coordinates of the measuring site are: 78°55’25.7” N,11°53’29.4” E. Fluxes were measured using the flux chamber method: the Net Ecosystem Exchange (NEE) was measured with a transparent flux chamber, while the Ecosystem Respiration (ER) with a shaded chamber. Three types of sampling were performed: at a fixed point during 24h ('point' in column sampling); in points randomly distributed over a site ('site' in column sampling); and in points covered with specific species ('species' in column sampling). Flux data are complemented by measurements of soil temperature (Ts, in Celsius degrees), soil volumetric water content (VWC, in %), atmospheric pressure (Pr, in hPa), air temperature (Ta, in Celsius degrees), air moisture (RH, in %), and solar radiance (rs , in W/m2). The Green Fractional Cover (GFC, between 0 and 1) of the vegetation inscribed within the sampling surface was estimated from digital RGB pictures taken at nadir. Measurements were divided into 4 classes, depending on the prevailing cover type: bare soil (BS), vascular vegetation (V), non-vascular vegetation (NV, including lichens, mosses and bacterial soil crust) and mix of vascular and non-vascular vegetation (MIX). Class V was further split into 5 subclasses: Carex spp. (CX), Dryas octopetala (DR), Salix Polaris (SL), Saxifraga oppostifolia (SX) and Silene acaulis (SI). </p>
Fractional Snow Covered Area at Ny-Ålesund (Svalbard, Norway)
<p>The gridded datasets is a ensembled product obtained since 2020 processing imagery acquired by different time-lapse cameras located at the Zeppelin Observatory, at the Gruvebadet Snow Research Site and at the Amundsen-Nobile Climate Change Tower. </p>
Conjugate observation data between DMSP satellites and all-sky imager of Chinese Yellow River station at Ny-Ålesund, Svalbard from January 2005 to December 2009
<p>Chinese Arctic Yellow River Station (YRS) locates at Ny-Ålesund, Svalbard with the geographic coordinates (78.92°N, 11.93°E) and the corrected geomagnetic latitude 76.24°. The relation between local time and universal time is MLT≈UT+3hr. In November 2003, a set of monochromatic auroral observation system was installed at YRS, which is consisted of three identical all-sky imageries (ASIs) with the filters at 427.8nm, 557.7nm and 630.0nm, respectively. DMSP (Defense Meteorological Satellite Program) satellites are a collection of polar-orbit weather satellites launched by the U.S. department of defense. This series of satellites is sun synchronous satellite, which takes about 101 minutes to orbit the earth, has an altitude of about 835-850km, an inclination of about 96°, and crosses the equatorial plane daily from south to north (ascending segment) and from north to south (descending segment) at a fixed time (DMSP F13 is at 05:45LT and 17:45LT, and F15 is at 09:30LT and 21:30LT). DMSP satellite is equipped with Special Sensor for Particle Flux (SSJ/4), which can measure the fluxes of downgoing electrons and ions with energies between from 30eV to 30keV in 19 energy steps (34, 49, 71, 101, 150, 218, 320, 460, 670, 960 eV, and 1.4, 2.1, 3.0, 4.4, 6.5, 9.5, 14.0, 20.5, 29.5 keV), with a time resolution of 1 second. According to the orbit of the DMSP satellites and the observation of the ASIs of YRS, we obtained the conjugate observation periods of the satellite flying over the ASI.</p> <p>During the period from January 2005 to December 2009, a total of 136 conjugate observation events were obtained. Moreover, according to the morphological characteristics of discrete aurora in the all-sky image, 136 events are classified according to four typical forms of dayside discrete auroras, namely 27 events of drapery dayside corona (DDC), 24 events of radial dayside corona (RDC), 37 events of hot-spot aurora (HSA), and 48 events of arc aurora (ARC). The event list of 136 events is recorded in the “asi&dmsp@YRS03-09-v2.xlsx” file. The EPS file gives the trajectory of the DMSP satellite crossing the ASI in each conjugate observation event, while the JPG files are the corresponding all-sky images.</p>
Snow height at the Gruvebadet Snow Resarch Site (Ny-Ålesund, Svalbard, Norway)
<p>The automated nivological station was installed in November 2020 in a flat area over the tundra about 80 meters far from the Gruvebadet Atmospheric Laboratory and nearby a snow sampling site from where weekly snow samples are collected for chemical analysis. Sensors have been calibrated by their companies before installation and are connected to a datalogger for continuous acquisition. For all the parameters, data are logged with 10-minute time resolution and then averaged over 1 hour.</p>
Snow temperature at the Gruvebadet Snow Resarch Site ( Ny-Ålesund, Svalbard, Norway)
<p>The automated nivological station was installed in November 2020 in a flat area over the tundra about 80 meters far from the Gruvebadet Atmospheric Laboratory and nearby a snow sampling site from where weekly snow samples are collected for chemical analysis. Sensors have been calibrated by their companies before installation and are connected to a datalogger for continuous acquisition. For all the parameters, data are logged with 10-minute time resolution and then averaged over 1 hour.</p>
Passive Open-Path Fouriertransform Infrared spectroscopy (OP-FTIR) measurements in the Arctic environment of Ny Ålesund / Svalbard 2023
<p>In the Polar MOSES campaign 2023, a ground-based remote sensing method – OP-FTIR spectroscopy- which is proven to be a flexible long-path technique for the characterization of larger areas was used. This method is able to simultaneously detect various volatile atmospheric compounds relevant for environmental assessment with a single rapid measurement. Many greenhouse gas molecules (e.g., CO<sub>2</sub>, H<sub>2</sub>O, CH<sub>4</sub>) have unique signatures (absorption or emission bands) in the measured spectral IR range. IR spectroscopy allows spatial and non-invasive characterization of emissions and is a useful method to capture emissions along the coastline, both seaward and landward.</p> <p>The passive technique was applied in a mobile mode to obtain IR spectra at different relevant locations. In order to investigate the near surface atmospheric composition, the mobile passive OP-FTIR spectroscopic scanning measurements was executed with Bruker RAPID devices to cover marine and terrestrial areas. The RAPID passive detection systems was deployed for 360° remote sensing of threats at distances up to 5000 m. Initially, the survey's primary objective was to qualitatively interpret spectra, enabling the identification of emission sources and the characterization of the heterogeneous emission pattern. This was achieved through the measurements in different directions to allow the direct comparisons of the various compartments under investigation and their potential interactions.</p>
Fractional Snow Covered Area at Ny-Ålesund (Svalbard, Norway) 2015-2019
<p>The produced dataset (in netCDF v4 format) contains the estimation of the Factional Snow Cover (FSC) in different sites located in Svalbard islands. We considered areas that complete the already available datasets and we focused the attention to the Ny-Ålesund area (Svalbard - Norway) (78.917° N, 11.933° E) where different facilities are available for supporting the use of terrestrial photography. One asset is the Zeppelin observatory, located on a panoramic spot where cameras are operating since 2000, and one is the Climate Change Tower (CCT) where we deployed a camera in 2018 (Figure 1). While the Zeppelin camera, operated by the Norwegian Polar Institute, offers a long time-series coupled with a pan-tilt-zoom device (4 different views daily), the CCT device was installed in order to cover the hidden side of the coastal plain not visible from the observatory. Furthermore, the CCT camera provided highly spatial and time resolved (hourly) images that were also below the cloud layer.</p>
All-sky imager observation data from the Chinese Yellow River Station, Ny-Ålesund, Svalbard
<p><strong>Introduction</strong></p> <p>The aurora images in this dataset are from the all-sky imagers at the Yellow River Station (YRS). And it is used in the paper Automatically sketching Auroral Skeleton Structure in All-sky Image for Measuring Aurora Arcs.</p> <p>This dataset consists of the following sections:</p> <ul> <li><strong>N20040116G.zip</strong>: 4,319 observation images as of January 16, 2004;</li> <li><strong>Raw data and reading code.zip</strong>: 8634 raw data items of December 23, 2003, and reading code;</li> <li><strong>80 imgs&annotations.zip</strong>: 80 ASI images and the corresponding manual annotations with pixel-level masks.</li> </ul> <p>In the following sections, the data source, acquisition instruments, data characteristics, preprocessing methods and naming conventions of this dataset will be introduced.</p> <p><strong>Data source:</strong></p> <p>The auroral images used in this study are ground-based observation data acquired by three-wavelength (427.8, 557.7, and 630.0 nm) all-sky imagers at YRS in Ny-Ålesund, Svalbard. The geographic coordinates of YRS are 78.92°N, 11.93°E, and the corrected geomagnetic latitude is 76.24°, MLT≈UT+3 h.</p> <p><strong>Data acquisition instruments:</strong></p> <p>Data were obtained from all-sky CCD auroral imagers. The system can record 24-hour auroral activities from October to March of the following winter each year.</p> <p><strong>Data characteristics:</strong></p> <p>The time resolution of the observation results of two consecutive frames is 10 s. The camera uses a 512×512 square pixel array, and the geographic zenith is located near the center of the field of view (FOV). The coverage diameter of the all-sky FOV is approximately 1000 km. The spatial resolution is from 1.1 km at the zenith to 36 km at the horizon at an altitude of 150 km. All aurora images are provided in .bmp image format.</p> <p><strong>Data preprocess:</strong></p> <ul> <li>Subtracting dark current and rescaling. Dark current is deemed as system noise caused by equipment. It is removed from images before further operation. Every image is then stretched with a cutoff value of 4000 and rescaled from 16 to 8 bits.</li> <li>Masking and cropping. A circle mask with a radius of 220 pixels is applied to cut off the outer regions where significant wide-angle distortion happens and may contain YRS lights. Then, the original image size of 512×512 is cropped to 440×440 pixels.</li> <li> Rotation. We rotated the images counter-clockwise by 61.11 with the north being upward.</li> </ul> <p><strong>Data naming convention:</strong></p> <p>Each auroral data has a unique file name that contains the N/S, date, band, and time information.</p> <p><em>Filename example:</em> N20031221G081212.</p> <ul> <li>N: North pole</li> <li>20031221: December 21, 2003</li> <li>G: G-band</li> <li>081212: 8:12:12 UT</li> </ul>
Satellite NDSI in the Bayelva area (Ny-Ålesund, Svalbard, Norway)
<p>The gridded datasets is a cropped area obtained by the use of Google Earth Engine and selecting Sentinel-2 and Landsat 8 data for estimating the Normalised Difference Snow Index between 2014 and 2020. The considered region is the Bayelva area.</p>
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