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Fig. 6 in Discovery of a reproducing population of the Mindo Glassfrog, Nymphargus balionotus (Duellman, 1981), at the Río Manduriacu Reserve, Ecuador, with a literature review and comments on its natural history, distribution, and conservation status

Fig. 6. Nymphargus balionotus breeding behavior. (A) Calling male; (B) Male and female in amplexus; (C) Egg mass deposited on the bottom surface on a leaf. Photos by Ross J. Maynard (A) and Jaime Culebras (B–C).

Fig 5 in Discovery of a reproducing population of the Mindo Glassfrog, Nymphargus balionotus (Duellman, 1981), at the Río Manduriacu Reserve, Ecuador, with a literature review and comments on its natural history, distribution, and conservation status

Fig 5. Iris variation in Nymphargus balionotus. Photos by Jaime Culebras (A–C) and Scott Trageser (D).

Fig. 4 in Discovery of a reproducing population of the Mindo Glassfrog, Nymphargus balionotus (Duellman, 1981), at the Río Manduriacu Reserve, Ecuador, with a literature review and comments on its natural history, distribution, and conservation status

Fig. 4. Metamorphic life stage of Nymphargus balionotus; dorsal (A) and ventral (B) views (ZSFQ 3895). Photos by Ross J. Maynard.

Fig. 3 in Discovery of a reproducing population of the Mindo Glassfrog, Nymphargus balionotus (Duellman, 1981), at the Río Manduriacu Reserve, Ecuador, with a literature review and comments on its natural history, distribution, and conservation status

Fig. 3. Pattern and color variation in adult Nymphargus balionotus. (A) Male, uncollected; (B) Male, ZSFQ 0531; (C) Male, uncollected; (D) Male, uncollected; (E–F) Male, ZSFQ 0532; (G–H) Gravid female, uncollected. Photos by Ross J. Maynard.

Fig. 2 in Discovery of a reproducing population of the Mindo Glassfrog, Nymphargus balionotus (Duellman, 1981), at the Río Manduriacu Reserve, Ecuador, with a literature review and comments on its natural history, distribution, and conservation status

Fig. 2. Audio spectrogram (top), oscillogram (middle), and power spectrum (bottom) graphs of a single male Nymphargus balionotus advertisement call.

Fig. 1 in Discovery of a reproducing population of the Mindo Glassfrog, Nymphargus balionotus (Duellman, 1981), at the Río Manduriacu Reserve, Ecuador, with a literature review and comments on its natural history, distribution, and conservation status

Fig. 1. Distribution map of known localities for Nymphargus balionotus. Information tags to the left summarize data reported for each locality, including (in order): name of collection site, department/province, number of specimens reported, elevation, and year specimens were collected or observed. Blue circle represents the Río Manduriacu Reserve; red circle marks the type locality; yellow and gray circles represent remaining localities reported in the literature, with the gray (Campamento Chancos) population believed to be a distinct lineage by Cisneros-Heredia and McDiarmid (2006). Note: the "El Tambo" locality in the department of Cauca, Colombia, has been placed as accurately as possible based on available information (see Discussion).

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Aligned DNA sequence matrix for phylogenetic analyses in the article "A new glassfrog of the genus Nymphargus (Anura: Centrolenidae) from Cordillera del Cóndor, Ecuador"

<p>Aligned DNA sequence matrix for phylogenetic analyses of the article "<span>A new glassfrog of the genus Nymphargus</span> (Anura<span>:</span> Centrolenidae) <span>from Cordillera del Cóndor, Ecuador</span>"</p> <p>The matrix is in NEXUS format and has 6613 bp and 102 terminals.</p> <p>Partitions are as follows:</p> <div> <div>charset 12S = 1-944;</div> <div>charset 16S = 945-2093;</div> <div>charset BNDFcodonPos1 =  2096-2792\3;</div> <div>charset BNDFcodonPos2 =  2094-2793\3;</div> <div>charset BNDFcodonPos3 =  2095-2791\3;</div> <div>charset ND1codonPos1 =  2795-3749\3;</div> <div>charset ND1codonPos2 =  2796-3750\3;</div> <div>charset ND1codonPos3 =  2794-3751\3;</div> <div>charset CXCR4codonPos1 =  3753-4107\3;</div> <div>charset CXCR4codonPos2 =  3754-4105\3;</div> <div>charset CXCR4codonPos3 =  3752-4106\3;</div> <div>charset cmyccodonPos1 =  4108-4507\3;</div> <div>charset cmyccodonPos2 =  4109-4508\3;</div> <div>charset cmyccodonPos3 =  4110-4509\3;</div> <div>charset POMCcodonPos1 =  4511-5120\3;</div> <div>charset POMCcodonPos2 =  4512-5121\3;</div> <div>charset POMCcodonPos3 =  4510-5122\3;</div> <div>charset RAG1codonPos1 =  5123-5576\3;</div> <div>charset RAG1codonPos2 =  5124-5577\3;</div> <div>charset RAG1codonPos3 =  5125-5578\3;</div> <div>charset SLC8A1codonPos1 =  5580-6120\3;</div> <div>charset SLC8A1codonPos2 =  5581-6118\3;</div> <div>charset SLC8A1codonPos3 =  5579-6119\3;</div> <div>charset SLC8A3codonPos1 =  6122-6587\3;</div> <div>charset SLC8A3codonPos2 =  6123-6585\3;</div> <div>charset SLC8A3codonPos3 =  6121-6586\3;</div> </div>

FIGURE 4 in A new yellow species of glassfrog (Centrolenidae: Nymphargus) from the Amazonian slopes of the Ecuadorian Andes

FIGURE 4. Species lacking the green dorsal coloration typical of most glassfrogs. (A) Nymphargus anomalus, QCAZ 47507; photo by Luis A. Coloma. (B) Nymphargus chancas, QCAZ 41590; photo by Holger Braun. (C) Nymphargus rosada, photo by M. Rivera. (D) Nymphargus sucre, MZUTI 1421; photo by A. Arteaga.

FIGURE 3 in A new yellow species of glassfrog (Centrolenidae: Nymphargus) from the Amazonian slopes of the Ecuadorian Andes

FIGURE 3. Hand (left; adult female, MZUTI 1420) and foot (right; adul male, MZUTI 1422) of Nymphargus sucre in ventral view. Photos by Lucas Bustamante.

FIGURE 2 in A new yellow species of glassfrog (Centrolenidae: Nymphargus) from the Amazonian slopes of the Ecuadorian Andes

FIGURE 2. Holotype of Nymphargus sucre (adult male, MZUTI 1421) in preservative. Left: dorsal view. Right: Ven tral view. Photos by Lucas Bustamante.

FIGURE 1 in A new yellow species of glassfrog (Centrolenidae: Nymphargus) from the Amazonian slopes of the Ecuadorian Andes

FIGURE 1. Nymphargus sucre in life. (A, B, C) Adult male, holotype, MZUTI 1421. (D) Adult female, MZUTI 1422. Photos by Alejandro Arteaga.

FIGURE 14. Average daily rainfall from 17 January 2011 in A new cryptic species of glassfrog (Centrolenidae: Nymphargus) from Reserva Las Gralarias, Ecuador

FIGURE 14. Average daily rainfall from 17 January 2011 to 1 July 2011, measured in mm. Calling males of Nymphargus griffithsi were observed from 27 February 2011 until 14 April 2011; calling males of N. lasgralarias sp. nov. were observed from 17 March 2011 until 1 July 2011. Rainfall was measured using a weather station on site at the reserve.

FIGURE 13 in A new cryptic species of glassfrog (Centrolenidae: Nymphargus) from Reserva Las Gralarias, Ecuador

FIGURE 13. Reproductive activity of Nymphargus lasgralarias sp. nov. and Nymphargus griffithsi. (A, B) Clutch of eggs from N. lasgralarias sp. nov., containing 12–36 eggs. (C) Clutch of eggs from N. griffithsi containing 14 eggs. (D) Male of N. lasgralarias sp. nov. calling from a leaf over a stream.

FIGURE 12 in A new cryptic species of glassfrog (Centrolenidae: Nymphargus) from Reserva Las Gralarias, Ecuador

FIGURE 12. Advertisement call variation of Nymphargus lasgralarias sp. nov. (A) One–call series. (B) two–call series. (C) three–call series. (D) four–call series. (E) Advertisement call of Nymphargus griffithsi, which never occur in a series, for comparison. Individuals represented: A = MZUTI 091; B = MZUTI 096; C = MZUTI 095; D = MZUTI 095; E = MZUTI 101.

FIGURE 10 in A new cryptic species of glassfrog (Centrolenidae: Nymphargus) from Reserva Las Gralarias, Ecuador

FIGURE 10. Advertisement call of Nymphargus griffithsi MZUTI 100. (A) Oscillogram. (B) Audiospectrogram. (C) Power spectrum. Fundamental frequency (darkest and lowest band) and two harmonics are shown in B.

FIGURE 8. A in A new cryptic species of glassfrog (Centrolenidae: Nymphargus) from Reserva Las Gralarias, Ecuador

FIGURE 8. A comparison of the call oscillograms on a 0.25 s time scale between Nymphargus lasgralarias sp. nov. (A) and Nymphargus griffithsi (B). Note that the call of N. griffithsi is much longer than that of N. lasgralarias sp. nov. Individuals represented: A = MZUTI 094; and B = MZUTI 100.

FIGURE 7 in A new cryptic species of glassfrog (Centrolenidae: Nymphargus) from Reserva Las Gralarias, Ecuador

FIGURE 7. Iris comparison between Nymphargus lasgralarias sp. nov. (A–D) and Nymphargus griffithsi (E–H). Photos were taken in daylight using flash on a white background, with the exception of A and E, which were taken at night in-situ, using flash. Nymphargus lasgralarias sp. nov. exhibits a golden–brown background coloration with smaller, and more numerous spotting and weaker reticulation. Notice the silver–grey background coloration, large dark spotting, and stronger reticulation of N. griffithsi. Specimens represented: A = MZUTI 093; B = MZUTI 091; C = MZUTI 097; D = MZUTI 092; E = Uncollected; F = MZUTI 102; G = MZUTI 099; H = MZUTI 100.

FIGURE 6 in A new cryptic species of glassfrog (Centrolenidae: Nymphargus) from Reserva Las Gralarias, Ecuador

FIGURE 6. Dorsal pattern comparison between Nymphargus lasgralarias sp. nov. (A–D) and N. griffithsi (E–H). Photographs A, B, E, and F taken of live specimens while photographs C, D, G, and H were taken of specimens preserved in alcohol. Observe the acute differentiation between N. lasgralarias sp. nov. and N. griffithsi — N. griffithsi has minute and small dark dorsal melanophores both in life and in preservation while N. lasgralarias sp. nov. has only minute melanophores. Specimens represented: A and C = MZUTI 093; B and D = MZUTI 094; E and G = MZUTI 099; F and H = MZUTI 102.

FIGURE 11 in A new cryptic species of glassfrog (Centrolenidae: Nymphargus) from Reserva Las Gralarias, Ecuador

FIGURE 11. Inter– and intraspecific waveform variation between Nymphargus lasgralarias sp. nov. (A–C) and Nymphargus griffithsi (D–F). Individuals represented: A = MZUTI 096; B = MZUTI 092; C = MZUTI 18839; D = MZUTI 100; E = MZUTI 098; F = MZUTI 101.

FIGURE 9 in A new cryptic species of glassfrog (Centrolenidae: Nymphargus) from Reserva Las Gralarias, Ecuador

FIGURE 9. Advertisement call of Nymphargus lasgralarias sp. nov., MZUTI 094. (A) Oscillogram. (B) Audiospectrogram. (C) Power spectrum. Fundamental frequency (darkest and lowest band) and two harmonics are shown in B.