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Figure 5 in Morphofunctional characterization and antibacterial activity of haemocytes from Octopus vulgaris

Figure 5. Micrograph of Octopus vulgaris cultured haemocytes showing phagocytic activity. Arrows indicate the phagocytosed yeast particles. Scale bar = 10 μm.

Figure 8 in Morphofunctional characterization and antibacterial activity of haemocytes from Octopus vulgaris

Figure 8. Bactericidal activity of Octopus vulgaris haemocyte crude methanolic acid extract (HMAE). The graph shows the inibition of E. coli growth in the presence of increasing concentrations of HMAE: at 0.2 μg/ml HMAE the bacterial growth is dramatically reduced, while at 0.8 μg/ml it is completely inhibited.

Figure 1 in Morphofunctional characterization and antibacterial activity of haemocytes from Octopus vulgaris

Figure 1. Differential interference contrast micrographs showing different types of haemocytes in culture plate: (A) haemoblast-like cell without pseudopodia; (B) two hyalinocytes connecting each other with pseudopodia; (C) well-attached granulocyte showing dendritic pseudopodia formation; (D) graph showing the ratio among the three haemocyte types. Scale bar = 5 μm.

Figure 4 in Morphofunctional characterization and antibacterial activity of haemocytes from Octopus vulgaris

Figure 4. Light microscopy micrographs of Octopus vulgaris haemocytes processed with enzymatic histochemistry analysis: (A) granulocytes showing a peroxidase activity localized as dark brown deposits; (B) haemoblast-like cells with phenol oxidase activity; (C) hyalinocytes with phenol oxidase activity; (D) granulocytes showing phenol oxidase activity. Scale bar = 5 μm.

Figure 3 in Morphofunctional characterization and antibacterial activity of haemocytes from Octopus vulgaris

Figure 3. Light microscopy micrographs of haemocytes stained with Giemsa/May–Grünwald stain: (A) acidophilic haemoblast-like cells (arrowheads) and granulocytes with acidophilic cytoplasm and cells (arrows); (B) hyalinocytes with basophilic nucleus and cytoplasm filled with vacuoles and few granules; (C) granulocytes cells with basophilic cytoplasm. Scale bar 5 μm.

Fig. 22 in Eleven New Species of Dicyemids (Phylum Dicyemida) from Octopus longispadiceus and O. tenuicirrus (Mollusca: Cephalopoda: Octopoda) in Japanese Waters

Fig. 22. Dicyemodeca kukii sp. nov., photographs of syntype specimens on slide NSMT-Me-57: a–c, nematogen, anterior region; d, e, rhombogen, anterior region; f, vermiform embryos within axial cell; g, infusorigen; h, i, infusoriform embryos, horizontal section (h), sagittal section (i). Scale bars: 10 µm.

Fig. 25 in Eleven New Species of Dicyemids (Phylum Dicyemida) from Octopus longispadiceus and O. tenuicirrus (Mollusca: Cephalopoda: Octopoda) in Japanese Waters

Fig. 25. Possible adhering processes of juvenile vermiform individuals of Dicyemennea leptocephalum; (a) juvenile individuals attached to the surface of the renal appendage by their calottes; (b) the calottes expand to be close to nearby calotte of individuals one another; (c) the calottes are adhering to one another.

Fig. 18 in Eleven New Species of Dicyemids (Phylum Dicyemida) from Octopus longispadiceus and O. tenuicirrus (Mollusca: Cephalopoda: Octopoda) in Japanese Waters

Fig. 18. Dicyemennea desmocephalum sp. nov., photographs of syntype specimens on slide NSMT-Me-55: a, c, d, nematogen, entire, note that individuals adhere together with calottes (a), (c); b, g, rhombogen, entire, note that individuals adhere together with calottes (b); anterior region; e, vermiform embryos within axial cell; f, young nematgen, entire; f, h, infusorigen; i, j, infusoriform embryos, horizontal section (i), sagittal section (j). Scale bars: 20 µm in a–e, 10 µm in e, f, h–j.

Fig. 16 in Eleven New Species of Dicyemids (Phylum Dicyemida) from Octopus longispadiceus and O. tenuicirrus (Mollusca: Cephalopoda: Octopoda) in Japanese Waters

Fig. 16. Dicyemennea moritakii sp. nov., photographs of syntype specimens on slide NSMT-Me-54: a, b, nematogen, anterior region; c, vermiform embryos within axial cell; d, e, rhombogen, anterior region; f, infusorigen; g, h, infusoriform embryos, horizontal section (g), sagittal section (h). Scale bars: 20 µm in a–e, 10 µm in f–h.

Fig. 15 in Eleven New Species of Dicyemids (Phylum Dicyemida) from Octopus longispadiceus and O. tenuicirrus (Mollusca: Cephalopoda: Octopoda) in Japanese Waters

Fig. 15. Dicyemennea leptocephalum sp. nov., drawn from syntype specimens on slide NSMT-Me-53: a, nematogen, entire; b–d, rhombogen, entire; e, nematogen, anterior region; f, g, vermiform embryo within axial cell, cilia omitted (f), optical section (g); h, infusorigen; i–k, infusoriform embryos, dorsal view (i; cilia omitted), ventral view (j; cilia omitted), sagittal section (k). Scale bars: 100 µm in a–d, 50 µm in e, 10 µm in f–k.

Fig. 21 in Eleven New Species of Dicyemids (Phylum Dicyemida) from Octopus longispadiceus and O. tenuicirrus (Mollusca: Cephalopoda: Octopoda) in Japanese Waters

Fig. 21. Dicyemennea tobaense sp. nov., drawn from syntype specimens on slide NSMT-Me-56: a, nematogen, entire; b, rhombogen, entire; c, d, nematogen, anterior region; e, rhombogen, anterior region; f, g, vermiform embryo within axial cell, cilia omitted (f), optical section (g); h, infusorigen; i–k, infusoriform embryos, dorsal view (i; cilia omitted), ventral view (j; cilia omitted), sagittal section (k). Scale bars: 100 µm in a, b, 10 µm in c–k.

Fig. 12 in Eleven New Species of Dicyemids (Phylum Dicyemida) from Octopus longispadiceus and O. tenuicirrus (Mollusca: Cephalopoda: Octopoda) in Japanese Waters

Fig. 12. Dicyemennea megalosomum sp. nov., photographs of syntype specimens on slide NSMT-Me-52: a–c, nematogen, anterior region; d, e, rhombogen, anterior region; f, vermiform embryos within axial cell; g, infusorigen; h, i, infusoriform embryos, horizontal section (h), sagittal section (i). Scale bars: 50 µm in (d), 10 µm in a–c, e–i.

Fig. 10 in Eleven New Species of Dicyemids (Phylum Dicyemida) from Octopus longispadiceus and O. tenuicirrus (Mollusca: Cephalopoda: Octopoda) in Japanese Waters

Fig. 10. Dicyemennea acetabulum sp. nov., photographs of syntype specimens on slide NSMT-Me-51: a, nematogen, entire; b, nematogen, anterior region; c, vermiform embryos within axial cell; d–f, rhombogen, anterior region; g, infusorigen; h, i, infusoriform embryos, horizontal section (h), sagittal section (i). Scale bars: 50 µm in a, 5 µm in b–k.

Fig. 11 in Eleven New Species of Dicyemids (Phylum Dicyemida) from Octopus longispadiceus and O. tenuicirrus (Mollusca: Cephalopoda: Octopoda) in Japanese Waters

Fig. 11. Dicyemennea acetabulum sp. nov., drawn from syntype specimens on slide NSMT-Me-51: a, nematogen, entire; b, rhombogen, entire; c, d, nematogen, anterior region; e, f, vermiform embryo within axial cell, cilia omitted (e), optical section (f); g, rhombogen, anterior region; h, infusorigen; i–k, infusoriform embryos, dorsal view (i; cilia omitted), ventral view (j; cilia omitted), sagittal section (k). Scale bars: 100 µm in a, b, 50 µm in c, g, 10 µm in d–f, h–k.

Fig. 7 in Eleven New Species of Dicyemids (Phylum Dicyemida) from Octopus longispadiceus and O. tenuicirrus (Mollusca: Cephalopoda: Octopoda) in Japanese Waters

Fig. 7. Dicyemennea mcconnaugheyi sp. nov., drawn from syntype specimens on slide NSMT-Me-49: a, nematogen, entire; b, rhombogen, entire; c, d, nematogen, anterior region; e, rhombogen, anterior region; f, g, vermiform embryo within axial cell, cilia omitted (f), optical section (g); h, infusorigen; i–k, infusoriform embryos, dorsal view (i; cilia omitted), ventral view (j; cilia omitted), sagittal section (k). Scale bars: 200 µm in a, b, 20 µm in c–g, 10 µm in i–k.

Fig. 8 in Eleven New Species of Dicyemids (Phylum Dicyemida) from Octopus longispadiceus and O. tenuicirrus (Mollusca: Cephalopoda: Octopoda) in Japanese Waters

Fig. 8. Dicyemennea anteronucleatum sp. nov., photographs of syntype specimens on slide NSMT-Me-50: a, nematogen, entire; b–e, nematogen, anterior region; f, vermiform embryos within axial cell. Scale bars: 10 µm in a–f.

Fig. 9 in Eleven New Species of Dicyemids (Phylum Dicyemida) from Octopus longispadiceus and O. tenuicirrus (Mollusca: Cephalopoda: Octopoda) in Japanese Waters

Fig. 9. Dicyemennea anteronucleatum sp. nov., drawn from syntype specimens on slide NSMT-Me-50: a, b, nematogen, entire; c–f, nematogen, anterior region; g, h, vermiform embryo within axial cell, cilia omitted (g), optical section (h). Scale bars: 50 µm in a, b, 10 µm in c–h.

Fig. 24 in Eleven New Species of Dicyemids (Phylum Dicyemida) from Octopus longispadiceus and O. tenuicirrus (Mollusca: Cephalopoda: Octopoda) in Japanese Waters

Fig. 24. Dicyemennea adminicula (McConnaughey, 1949), drawn from specimens on slide of SBMNH (Santa Barbara Museum of Natural History): a, b, juvenile nematogen, entire (a), anterior region (b); c, nematogen, anterior region, note that calotte shape deforms; d, e, vermiform embryo within axial cell, cilia omitted (d), optical section (e); f–h, rhombogen, entire: note that the calottes are irregularly deformed, two individuals adhere by their calottes (g), and at least eight individuals have adhered to form a single assembly (h). Scale bars: 20 µm in a, c, 10 µm in b, d, e, 50 µm in f–h.

Fig. 17 in Eleven New Species of Dicyemids (Phylum Dicyemida) from Octopus longispadiceus and O. tenuicirrus (Mollusca: Cephalopoda: Octopoda) in Japanese Waters

Fig. 17. Dicyemennea moritakii sp. nov., drawn from syntype specimens on slide NSMT-Me-54: a, nematogen, entire; b, rhombogen, entire; c, nematogen, anterior region; d, rhombogen, anterior region; e, f, vermiform embryo within axial cell, cilia omitted (e), optical section (f); g, infusorigen; h–j, infusoriform embryos, dorsal view (h; cilia omitted), ventral view (i; cilia omitted), sagittal section (j). Scale bars: 100 µm in a, b, 20 µm in c, 50 µm in d, 10 µm in e–j.

Fig. 4 in Eleven New Species of Dicyemids (Phylum Dicyemida) from Octopus longispadiceus and O. tenuicirrus (Mollusca: Cephalopoda: Octopoda) in Japanese Waters

Fig. 4. Dicyema petalocephalum sp. nov., photographs of syntype specimens on slide NSMT-Me-48: a, nematogen, entire; b, c, nematogen, anterior region; d, vermiform embryos within axial cell; e–g, nematogen, anterior region; h, rhombogen, anterior region; i, infusorigen; j, k, infusoriform embryos, sagittal section (j), horizontal section (k). Scale bars: 50 µm in a, 5 µm in b– k.