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44 results for “Oculina”
Data from: Host-targeted RAD-Seq reveals genetic changes in the coral Oculina patagonica associated with range expansion along the Spanish Mediterranean coast
Many organisms are expanding their ranges in response to changing environmental conditions. Understanding the patterns of genetic diversity and adaptation along an expansion front is crucial to assessing a species' long-term success. While next-generation sequencing techniques can reveal these changes in fine detail, ascribing them to a particular species can be difficult for organisms that live in close association with symbionts. Using a novel modified restriction-site associated DNA sequencing (RAD-Seq) protocol to target coral DNA, we collected 595 coral-specific single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) from 189 colonies of the invasive coral Oculina patagonica from the Spanish Mediterranean coast, including established core populations and two expansion fronts. Surprisingly, populations from the recent northern expansion are genetically distinct from the westward expansion and core populations, and also harbor greater genetic diversity. We found that temperature may have driven adaptation along the northern expansion, as genome scans for selection found three candidate loci associated with temperature in the north but none in the west. We found no genomic signature of selection associated with artificial substrate, which has been proposed for explaining the rapid spread of O. patagonica. This suggests that this coral is simply an opportunistic colonizer of free space made available by coastal habitat modifications. Our results suggest that unique genetic variation, possibly due to limited dispersal across the Ibiza Channel, an influx of individuals from different depths, and/or adaptation to cooler temperatures along the northern expansion front may have facilitated the northward range expansion of O. patagonica in the western Mediterranean.
FIGURE 41 in Bryozoa of Floridan Oculina reefs
FIGURE 41. Microeciella floridana (Canu & Bassler, 1928): A, small colony, showing gonozooid in upper left; B, another colony; C, close up of gonozooid and ooeciostome; D, zooids, showing distal tubular portions; E, growing margin of colony; F, close up of depressed pseudopores at margin between gonozooid and zooids. Scale bars: A, B, 1 mm; C, D, 0.5 mm; E, 0.2 mm; F, 0.1 mm.
FIGURE 38 in Bryozoa of Floridan Oculina reefs
FIGURE 38. Stephanollona serrata (Osburn, 1912): A, portion of colony; B, group of zooids, with large adventitious avicularium; C, zooids with ooecia and small oval avicularia; D, close-up of orifice with four spines and beaded anter. Scale bars: A, 1 mm; B, C, 0.4 mm; D, 0.1 mm.
FIGURE 37 in Bryozoa of Floridan Oculina reefs
FIGURE 37. Cigclisula turrita (Smitt, 1873): A, mounded colony; B, zooids showing orifices and frontal avicularia; C, another group of zooids; D, peristomial tubercles; E, close up of orifice. Scale bars: A, 1 mm; B, 0.3 mm; C, D; 0.5 mm; E, 0.1 mm.
FIGURE 36 in Bryozoa of Floridan Oculina reefs
FIGURE 36. Lageniporina verrucosa (Canu & Bassler, 1928): A, Branching uniserial colony; B, two zooids, showing orifice shape; C, three zooids, peristomes either abraded or not yet developed and tubiform pores; D, group of zooids showing tubular peristomes; E, a zooid with ooecium; F, ooecium with small pores distributed peripherally. Scale bars: A, 1 mm; B, C, D, 0.5 mm, E, 0.2 mm, F, 0.3 mm.
FIGURE 35 in Bryozoa of Floridan Oculina reefs
FIGURE 35. Plesiocleidochasma cleidostomum (Smitt, 1873): A, group of zooids; B, close up of orifice and ooecium; C, orifice and frontal avicularium; D, another orifice. Scale bars: A, 0.5 mm; B, D, 0.1 mm; C, 0.2 mm.
FIGURE 39 in Bryozoa of Floridan Oculina reefs
FIGURE 39. Stephanollona conchularum sp. nov.: A, colony encrusting a small gastropod; B, group of autozooids; C, zooids with ooecia; D, close-up of orifice; E, group of zooids with developing ooecia. Scale bars: A, 1 mm; B, E, 0.5 mm; C, 0.3 mm; D, 0.1 mm.
FIGURE 34 in Bryozoa of Floridan Oculina reefs
FIGURE 34. Crepidacantha setigera (Smitt, 1873): A, colony encrusting Oculina branch; B, zooids at growing edge, showing outer spines and setose avicularian mandibles; C, two zooids, showing spines; D, group of zooids showing marginal spines and avicularia; E, group of zooids, two with ooecia; F, close up of oecium and orifice. Scale bars: A, 1 mm; B, 0.1 mm; C, D, 0.4 mm; E, 0.5 mm; F, 0.3 mm.
FIGURE 42 in Bryozoa of Floridan Oculina reefs
FIGURE 42.?Domopora floridana Canu & Bassler, 1928: A, much-abraded colony in side view; B; upper surface of colony; C, sides of colony, showing two sizes of openings; D, close-up of zooidal interior showing pinhead spinules with stellate heads. Scale bars: A, 0.5 mm; B, 0.2 mm; C, 0.3 mm; D, 0.03 mm.
FIGURE 33 in Bryozoa of Floridan Oculina reefs
FIGURE 33. Bryopesanser pesanseris (Smitt, 1873): A, portion of colony; B, small unbleached colony, showing 'duckfoot' avicularian mandibles; C, distal end of zooid with ooecium; D, close-up of orifice, showing spines and developing ooecium; E, uncleaned zooid showing avicularian mandibles and zooid operculum; F, close up of base of mandible. Scale bars: A, B, 1 mm; C, 0.3 mm; D, E, 0.1 mm; F, 0.05 mm.
FIGURE 31. Microporella protea Winston, 2005 in Bryozoa of Floridan Oculina reefs
FIGURE 31. Microporella protea Winston, 2005: A, portion of a mature colony; B, autozooids; C, single autozooid, showing position of orificial spines, avicularium and ascopore; D, group of zooids with ooecia; E, an orifice with five spines; F, an orifice with four spines. Scale bars: A, D, 0.2 mm; B, C, 0.1 mm; E, F, 0.02 mm.
FIGURE 30. Hippoporina caribaea Winston, 2005 in Bryozoa of Floridan Oculina reefs
FIGURE 30. Hippoporina caribaea Winston, 2005: A, edge of a colony encrusting a mollusc shell; B, autozooids, showing threadlike calcification of zooid margins; C, zooid with an ooecium; D, close-up of orifice, showing condyles; E, close up of ooecium and orifice of fertile zooid. Scale bars: A, 1 mm; B, C, 0.3 mm; D, 0.1 mm; E, 0.2 mm.
FIGURE 40 in Bryozoa of Floridan Oculina reefs
FIGURE 40.?Entalophoroecia sp. A, colony on bivalve shell; B, flabellate early growth pattern; C, ancestrula and early growth; D, broken, jagged zooidal peristomes; E, small pustules on interior of zooidal peristome; F, large round pseudopores. Scale bars: A, 1 mm; B, 0.5 mm; C, D, 0.4 mm; E, F, 0.1 mm.
FIGURE 32 in Bryozoa of Floridan Oculina reefs
FIGURE 32. Microporella acicularis sp. nov.: A, colony encrusting the inner face of a dead barnacle plate, small but sexually mature; B, uncleaned autozooids, showing acicular avicularian mandibles; C, zooid with ooecium; D, closed mandibles of avicularia; E, orifice and distal end of zooid; F, uncleaned zooids showing operculum and portions of open and closed mandibles. Scale bars: A, 1 mm; B, 0.5 mm; C, 0.1 mm; D, F, 0.2 mm. E. 0.02 mm.
FIGURE 29 in Bryozoa of Floridan Oculina reefs
FIGURE 29. Smittina forticula sp. nov.: A, group of zooids showing high peristomes and almost imperforate ooecia, with remains of an Aetea colony; B, a single zooid with ooecium and frontal avicularium; C, close-up of hastate avicularium; D, close-up of orifice showing broad lyrula inside thick peristome with pseudosinus. Scale bars: A, 0.5 mm; B, 0.2 mm; C, 0.05 mm; D, 0.1 mm.
FIGURE 26 in Bryozoa of Floridan Oculina reefs
FIGURE 26. Parasmittina indigenella sp. nov.: A, portion of colony; B, several zooids with ooecia; C, close-up of distal end of zooid showing avicularia, peristome and oecium; D, close-up of orifice showing bases of six orificial spines; E, primary orifice with broad, low lyrula; F, avicularium with solid cross bar. Scale bars: A, 1 mm; B, 0.5 mm; C, D, 0.1 mm; E, 0.2 mm; F, 0.05 mm.
FIGURE 25 in Bryozoa of Floridan Oculina reefs
FIGURE 25. Celleporaria albirostris (Smitt, 1873): A, frontally budded area of colony; B, another group of frontally budded zooids; C, group of zooids, ooecium in upper center; D, spatulate avicularium; E, zooid orifice; F, another orifice. Scale bars: A, 1 mm; B, C, 0.5 mm; D, 0.3 mm; E, 0.1 mm; F, 0.2 mm.
FIGURE 23 in Bryozoa of Floridan Oculina reefs
FIGURE 23. Vitrimurella lata (Smitt, 1873): A, edge of colony; B, autozooids and three female zooids; C, female zooid (upper right); D, autozooid orifice; E, autozooid with calcified orifice; F, orifice of female zooid. Scale bars: A, 1 mm; B, C, 0.5 mm; D, F, 0.1 mm; E, 0.05 mm.
FIGURE 24 in Bryozoa of Floridan Oculina reefs
FIGURE 24. Reptadeonella hastingae Cheetham & Sandberg, 1964: A, growing edge of colony; B, group of zooids; C, two gonozooids; D, close up of two autozooids, each with an avicularium and spiramen. Scale bars: A, 1 mm; B, C, 0.5 mm; D, 0.2 mm.
FIGURE 27 in Bryozoa of Floridan Oculina reefs
FIGURE 27. Parasmittina oculinae sp. nov.: A, edge of encrusting colony; B, group of zooids, two with ooecia; C, group of autozooids; D, close up of zooids, showing narrow lyrula of orifice, and oval avicularia; E, close-up of orifice with adjacent small avicularium with acute rostrum, adjacent to an ooecium; F, close-up of an orifice showing two distal spines and small oval avicularia outside the peristome. Scale bars: A, 1 mm; B, C, 0.5 mm; D, 0.4 mm; E, 0.2 mm; F, 0.1 mm.
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