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33 results for “Ocypode”
Atlantic ghost crab (Ocypode quadrata) burrow counts at shorebird nests and randomly available sites on Metompkin Island, Virginia, 2022
Atlantic ghost crabs (Ocypode quadrata) are predators of beach-nesting shorebirds, their nests, and their chicks on the United States' Atlantic and Gulf coasts. Ghost crabs may also disturb birds, altering their foraging, habitat use, or nest and brood attendance patterns. Shorebird conservation strategies often involve predator and disturbance management to improve reproductive success, but efforts rarely target ghost crabs. Despite the threat to shorebird reproductive success, ghost crabs are a poorly understood part of the beach ecosystem and additional knowledge about ghost crab habitat selection is needed to inform shorebird conservation. We monitored ghost crab activity, defined as burrow abundance, throughout the shorebird breeding season on Metompkin Island, Virginia, an important breeding site for piping plovers (Charadrius melodus) and American oystercatchers (Haematopus palliatus). We counted burrows at shorebird nests and random points throughout the shorebird breeding season and tested whether ghost crab activity was greater at shorebird nest sites than random sites. We observed burrows at all nest sites in our study area (n = 63 nests), but found fewer burrows at nest sites than random sites. Ghost crabs may avoid shorebird nest sites due to aggressive defensive behaviors from incubating adults or differences in microhabitat characteristics selected by shorebirds versus ghost crabs. We also tested the effects of date, air temperature, habitat type, and shell cover on the abundance of ghost crab burrows. We found that while burrows were present across the barrier island landscape, there were more burrows in sandy habitats with sparse to little shell cover and in and behind the dunes relative to the beach and beach-front berm. Ghost crab activity increased later in the shorebird breeding season and as air temperature increased. Understanding when and where ghost crabs are most likely to be active in the landscape can aid decision-making to benefit imperi
Figure 2 in Spatial distribution of the ghost crab Ocypode quadrata in low-energy tide-dominated sandy beaches
Figure 2. Mean slope (°, ¡SE) of the five studied beaches calculated using three replicate random samples in each site. Identical letters indicate non-significant differences in the post hoc Scheffé's test for multiple pair-wise comparisons.
Figure 5 in Spatial distribution of the ghost crab Ocypode quadrata in low-energy tide-dominated sandy beaches
Figure 5. Comparison of the mean number of burrows per m2 (¡SE) of Ocypode quadrata among beaches and zones. Numbers in brackets represent the numbers of squares sampled. Numbers at the left side of the bars indicate the results of Scheffé's test for multiple comparisons of zones among beaches. Letters at the right side of the bars indicate the results of Scheffé's test for multiple comparisons of zones within beaches. Identical labels (numbers or letters) indicate non-significant differences in the post hoc Scheffé's test. See Table III for the results of the ANOVA.
Figure 4 in Spatial distribution of the ghost crab Ocypode quadrata in low-energy tide-dominated sandy beaches
Figure 4. Schemes of zonation of Ocypode quadrata in the study areas. Horizontal dotted lines indicate heights of mean number of individuals per m2 for each 1 m interval estimated using five randomized replicated samples. This the same site were equivalent in length (x-axis): Segredo, 21 m; Cabelo Gordo, 21 m; Pitangueiras, 24 m; Zimbro
Figure 1 in Spatial distribution of the ghost crab Ocypode quadrata in low-energy tide-dominated sandy beaches
Figure 1. Map of the São Sebastião Channel, south-eastern Brazil, illustrating the five study beaches.
Figure 6 in Spatial distribution of the ghost crab Ocypode quadrata in low-energy tide-dominated sandy beaches
Figure 6. Comparison of the mean burrow diameter (¡SE) of Ocypode quadrata among beaches and zones. Numbers in brackets represent the numbers of burrows sampled. Numbers at the left side of the bars indicate the results of the non-parametric Tukey-type test for multiple comparisons of zones among beaches. Letters at the right side of the bars indicate the results of the non-parametric Tukey-type test for multiple comparisons of zones within beaches. Identical labels (numbers or letters) indicate non-significant differences in the post hoc Scheffé's test. See Table IV for the results of the non-parametric Kruskal–Wallis tests.
Figure 3 in Spatial distribution of the ghost crab Ocypode quadrata in low-energy tide-dominated sandy beaches
Figure 3. Mean sand grain size (phi, ¡SE) and mean sorting coefficient (phi, ¡SE) for each zone and beach calculated using five replicate measures in each zone. Mi, medium intertidal; Ui, upper intertidal; Sf, subterrestrial fringe.
FIGURE 6 in The ghost crab Ocypode mortoni George, 1982 (Crustacea: Decapoda: Ocypodidae): redescription, distribution at its type locality, and the phylogeny of East Asian Ocypode species
FIGURE 6. Ocypode mortoni: ♂ from Sai Wan, carapace 24.5mm x 21.2 mm (CEL-Ocy-HK-003): a, dorsal view; b, frontal view.
FIGURE 2 in The ghost crab Ocypode mortoni George, 1982 (Crustacea: Decapoda: Ocypodidae): redescription, distribution at its type locality, and the phylogeny of East Asian Ocypode species
FIGURE 2. Sai Wan, Hong Kong, the type locality of O. mortoni. a. Aerial photos showing the topography of the site, the streams in the southwest part and the location of the two transects T1 and T2. b. map of Sai Wan, redrawn from George (1982) indicating the distribution of Ocypode species. c. same location, aerial photo taken in Jan 2011, showing the construction sites in the northern flank of the site. Aerial photo, courtesy of Map Office, Lands Department, the Hong Kong SAR Government.
FIGURE 5 in The ghost crab Ocypode mortoni George, 1982 (Crustacea: Decapoda: Ocypodidae): redescription, distribution at its type locality, and the phylogeny of East Asian Ocypode species
FIGURE 5. Life coloration of O. mortoni: a, dorsal view, adult; b, dorsal view, juvenile. c, frontal view, adult. Scale bars represent 1 cm.
FIGURE 4 in The ghost crab Ocypode mortoni George, 1982 (Crustacea: Decapoda: Ocypodidae): redescription, distribution at its type locality, and the phylogeny of East Asian Ocypode species
FIGURE 4. Morphology of male first pleopod (G1) of O. mortoni: a, ventral view of left G1; b, tip of left G1, ventral view; c, dorsal view of right G1; d, G1 of type specimen, redrawn from George (1982).
FIGURE 3 in The ghost crab Ocypode mortoni George, 1982 (Crustacea: Decapoda: Ocypodidae): redescription, distribution at its type locality, and the phylogeny of East Asian Ocypode species
FIGURE 3. Morphology of O. mortoni: a, dorsal surface of carapace; b, outer surface of major cheliped palm; c; inner surface of major cheliped palm, showing stridulating ridge; d, outer surface of minor cheliped; e, male abdomen; f, female abdomen; g, zygocardiac ossicle; h, urocardiac ossicle; i, inner surface of major cheliped palm of the type specimen, redrawn from George (1982).
FIGURE 9 in The ghost crab Ocypode mortoni George, 1982 (Crustacea: Decapoda: Ocypodidae): redescription, distribution at its type locality, and the phylogeny of East Asian Ocypode species
FIGURE 9. Bayesian Inference (BI) tree showing phylogenetic relationships of East Asian Ocypode spp., based on COI gene. Additional support values of BI, maximum likelihood (ML) maximum parsimony (MP) analyses printed at the nodes. For details of haplotypes see Table 1, with species and localities behind. Black bars represent "ridge-bearing" species, and gray bars represent "ridge-less" species (see Discussion).
FIGURE 7 in The ghost crab Ocypode mortoni George, 1982 (Crustacea: Decapoda: Ocypodidae): redescription, distribution at its type locality, and the phylogeny of East Asian Ocypode species
FIGURE 7. Density of O. mortoni and O. ceratophthalmus along T1 and T2 in Sai Wan (refer to Y-axis on left hand side); and the total number of crabs collected in the transects at Fan Lau and Bui O along the 30 meter-transects (refer to the Y axis on the right hand side).
FIGURE 1 in The ghost crab Ocypode mortoni George, 1982 (Crustacea: Decapoda: Ocypodidae): redescription, distribution at its type locality, and the phylogeny of East Asian Ocypode species
FIGURE 1. Map of Hong Kong showing sandy shore study sites. Squares indicate the sites visited by George (1982) and circles indicate the sites visited in the present study. Closed circle / square indicates the presence of O. mortoni. Empty circle / square indicated absence of O. mortoni.
FIGURE 8 in The ghost crab Ocypode mortoni George, 1982 (Crustacea: Decapoda: Ocypodidae): redescription, distribution at its type locality, and the phylogeny of East Asian Ocypode species
FIGURE 8. Burrow morphology of Ocypode spp.: Burrow opening: a–b from Sai Wan (O. ceratophthalmus / O. mortoni were both found in these two types of burrows, see Discussion); c–d from Bui O (O. ceratophthalmus / O. mortoni were both found in these two types of burrows). Note the variation of arrangements of sediment piles around the opening; e, burrow opening of O. mortoni redrawn from George (1982). Scale bars represent 5 cm.
FIGURE 6 in First stage zoeal morphology of four ghost crabs Ocypode ceratophthalmus (Pallas, 1772), O. cordimanus Latreille, 1818, O. sinensis Dai, Song & Yang, 1985 and O. stimpsoni Ortmann, 1897 (Crustacea, Decapoda, Ocypodidae)
FIGURE 6. Scanning electron microscope on the first zoeal stage of Ocypode cordimanus; A, lateral view; B, frontal foramen; C, dorsal spine; D, E, ventral carapace; F, dorsal view of telson; G, part of telson showing minute lateral spine; H, part of telson furca.
FIGURE 8 in First stage zoeal morphology of four ghost crabs Ocypode ceratophthalmus (Pallas, 1772), O. cordimanus Latreille, 1818, O. sinensis Dai, Song & Yang, 1985 and O. stimpsoni Ortmann, 1897 (Crustacea, Decapoda, Ocypodidae)
FIGURE 8. Scanning electron microscope on the first zoeal stage of Ocypode stimpsoni; A, lateral view; B, frontal foramen; C, dorsal spine; D, E, ventral carapace; F, dorsal view of telson; G, part of telson showing minute lateral spine; H, part of telson furca.
FIGURE 5 in First stage zoeal morphology of four ghost crabs Ocypode ceratophthalmus (Pallas, 1772), O. cordimanus Latreille, 1818, O. sinensis Dai, Song & Yang, 1985 and O. stimpsoni Ortmann, 1897 (Crustacea, Decapoda, Ocypodidae)
FIGURE 5. Scanning electron microscope on the first zoeal stage of Ocypode ceratophthalmus; A, lateral view; B, frontal foramen; C, dorsal spine; D, E, ventral carapace; F, dorsal view of telson; G, part of telson showing minute lateral spine; H, part of telson furca.
FIGURE 2 in First stage zoeal morphology of four ghost crabs Ocypode ceratophthalmus (Pallas, 1772), O. cordimanus Latreille, 1818, O. sinensis Dai, Song & Yang, 1985 and O. stimpsoni Ortmann, 1897 (Crustacea, Decapoda, Ocypodidae)
FIGURE 2. Ocypode cordimanus first zoeal stage; A, carapace; B, antennule; C, antenna; D, mandible; E, maxillule; F, maxilla; G, first maxilliped; H, second maxilliped; I, dorsal view of abdomen; J, lateral view of abdomen.
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