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46 results for “Okinawa Trough”
Tidally modulated temperature observed atop a drillsite at the Noho hydrothermal site, mid-Okinawa Trough
<p>These are the dataset used in a manuscript submitted to J. Geophys. Res. (AGU), entitled "Tidally modulated temperature observed atop a drillsite at the Noho hydrothermal site, mid-Okinawa Trough" by Kinoshita, M, K. Kitada and T. Nozaki. It is in revision as of June 10 2022. </p> <p>The authors of this dataset include those who organized or participated the expeditions and contributed to obtain the data shown here.</p> <p><strong>Abstract</strong></p> <p>We observed temperature variations over 10 months within a Kuroko ore (hydrothermal sulfide) cultivation apparatus installed atop a 50-m-deep borehole drilled in the Noho hydrothermal system in the mid-Okinawa Trough, southwestern Japan, for monitoring of hydrothermal fluids and in situ mineral precipitation experiments. Temperature and pressure in the apparatus fluctuated with the tidal period immediately after its installation. Initially, the average temperature was 75–76 °C and the amplitude of the semi-diurnal tidal temperature modulation was ~0.3 °C. Four months later, the amplitude of tidal temperature modulation had gradually increased to 4 °C in synchrony with an average temperature decrease to ~40 °C. Numerical modeling showed that both the increase in tidal amplitude and the decrease in average temperature were attributable to a gradual decrease in inflow to the apparatus, which promoted conductive cooling through the pipe wall. The reduced inflow was probably caused by clogging inside the apparatus, but we cannot rule out a natural cause, because the drilling would have significantly decreased the volume of hot fluid in the reservoir. The temperature fluctuation phase lagged the pressure fluctuation phase by ~150°. Assuming that the fluctuations originated from inflow from the reservoir, we conducted 2-D numerical hydrothermal modeling for a poroelastic medium. To generate the 150° phase lag, the permeability in the reservoir needed to exceed that in the ambient formation by ~3 orders of magnitude. The tidal variation phase can be a useful tool for assessing the hydrological state and response of a hydrothermal system. </p> <p><strong>Key Points</strong></p> <ul> <li> <p>Temperature and pressure atop a borehole in the mid-Okinawa Trough hydrothermal system fluctuated with the tidal period during 10 months. </p> </li> <li> <p>The temperature tidal fluctuation phase lagged pressure by ~150° likely because of the poroelastic response of higher permeability sediment. </p> </li> </ul> <ul> <li> <p>A gradual temperature decrease and tidal amplitude increase were caused by reduced inflows that promoted conductive cooling. </p> </li> </ul> <p><strong>Explanation of the dataset</strong></p> <p>*Fig.3_rawdata_C9017B_Long.txt:<br> *Fig.3_rawdata_C9017B_Short:<br> Temperature and pressure data recorded by the probes in the cell (Fig.3_rawdata_C9017B_Long) and the bottom inflow pipe (Fig.3_rawdata_C9017B_Short) during the whole observation period. All dates and times are Japanese Standard Time (JST: UTC+9).</p> <p>*Fig.5_Fig.8_Tidal-height_naotestj_C9017B_JST.txt: <br> Theoretical tidal height at the borehole C9017B, calculated using NAOTIDE program (Matsumoto, K., Takanezawa, T., & Ooe, M. (2000), Ocean tide models developed by assimilating TOPEX/POSEIDON altimeter data into hydrodynamical model: A global model and a regional model around Japan, J. Oceanography, 56, 567-581. https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1011157212596).</p> <p>*Fig.7_Flow-rate.txt: Flow velocity data and the sinusoidal fit during the period immediately after deployment of the apparatus, measured within the inflow pipe of the apparatus.</p> <p><em><strong>Terms of use:</strong></em> These data are provided "as is", without any warranties of any kind. The data are provided under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International license.</p> <p> </p>
Fig. 1 in Bathya brevicarpus gen. et sp. nov. (Amphipoda: Senticaudata: Calliopiidae), from hydrothermal vents, Okinawa Trough, North-west Pacific
Fig. 1. Bathya brevicarpus gen. et sp. nov., holotype, ♂ (MBM 286556).
Fig. 2 in Bathya brevicarpus gen. et sp. nov. (Amphipoda: Senticaudata: Calliopiidae), from hydrothermal vents, Okinawa Trough, North-west Pacific
Fig. 2. Bathya brevicarpus gen. et sp. nov., holotype, ♂ (MBM 286556).
Compilation of Holocene alkenone SST records along the North Pacific margins (including a new core Oki02 in the Okinawa Trough)
<p>The sediment core Oki02 (26°04' N, 125°12' E, 1,612 m water depth), located in the Okinawa Trough, is used to analyze ~100-year-resolution alkenone-based sea surface temperature (SST) values during the Holocene. Together with previously published Holocene alkenone SST paleorecords on the pathways of a set of boundary currents flowing along the North Pacific margins, e.g., the Kuroshio Current, California Current, and Alaska Current, and available foraminiferal Globigerinoides ruber Mg/Ca-based SST records over the Western Pacific Warm Pool (WPWP), we are able to investigate the centennial- to multimillennial scale variations of the North Pacific Subtropical Gyre circulation throughout the Holocene.</p>
FIGURE 5 in Litarcturus kexueiae sp. nov., a new deep-sea isopod from the Okinawa Trough (Crustacea, Isopoda, Valvifera, Antarcturidae)
FIGURE 5. Litarcturus kexueiae sp. nov. A–F, holotype male (MBM240861). A, uropod (dorsal view) and distal enlarged (ventral view); B, penial plate; C, pleopods 1 (anterior view and exopod posterior view); D–F, pleopods 2–5 (anterior view). Scale bars = 1 mm.
FIGURE 4 in Litarcturus kexueiae sp. nov., a new deep-sea isopod from the Okinawa Trough (Crustacea, Isopoda, Valvifera, Antarcturidae)
FIGURE 4. Litarcturus kexueiae sp. nov. A–E, holotype male (MBM240861). A–E, pereopods 3–7 (A, pereopod 3 propodus broken off; C, pereopod 5 only basis remains). Scale bars = 1 mm.
FIGURE 3 in Litarcturus kexueiae sp. nov., a new deep-sea isopod from the Okinawa Trough (Crustacea, Isopoda, Valvifera, Antarcturidae)
FIGURE 3. Litarcturus kexueiae sp. nov. A–D, holotype male (MBM240861). A, antennule; B, antenna; C, pereopod 1; D, pereopod 2. Scale bars = 1 mm.
FIGURE 2 in Litarcturus kexueiae sp. nov., a new deep-sea isopod from the Okinawa Trough (Crustacea, Isopoda, Valvifera, Antarcturidae)
FIGURE 2. Litarcturus kexueiae sp. nov. A–F, holotype male (MBM240861). A, mandible; B, maxillula; C, maxilla; D, maxilliped. Scale bar = 1 mm.
FIGURE 1 in Litarcturus kexueiae sp. nov., a new deep-sea isopod from the Okinawa Trough (Crustacea, Isopoda, Valvifera, Antarcturidae)
FIGURE 1. Litarcturus kexueiae sp. nov. A–B, holotype male (MBM240861). A, lateral view; B, dorsal view. Scale bar = 1 mm.
FIGURE 3 in Probathylepadidae, a new family of Scalpelliformes (Thoracica: Cirripedia: Crustacea), for Probathylepas faxian gen. nov., sp. nov., from a hydrothermal vent in the Okinawa Trough
FIGURE 3. Probathylepas faxian sp. nov., a–m, holotype (MBM 240865) a. soft body; b. dorsal view of basal parts of cirrus VI and penis; c. lateral view of mouth; d. labrum and palp; e. mandible; f. maxilla I; g. maxilla II; h. cirrus I; i. cirrus II; j. intermediate segments of cirrus III; k. terminal segments of cirrus III; l. basal parts of cirrus VI and penis; m. terminal end of penis.
FIGURE 2 in Probathylepadidae, a new family of Scalpelliformes (Thoracica: Cirripedia: Crustacea), for Probathylepas faxian gen. nov., sp. nov., from a hydrothermal vent in the Okinawa Trough
FIGURE 2. Probathylepas faxian sp. nov., a–l, holotype (MBM 240865) a. individual viewed from right side; b. individual viewed from left side; c. rostral view; d. carinal view; e,f. scutum; g, h. tergum; i, j. latus; k, l. supplementary plates.
FIGURE 1 in Probathylepadidae, a new family of Scalpelliformes (Thoracica: Cirripedia: Crustacea), for Probathylepas faxian gen. nov., sp. nov., from a hydrothermal vent in the Okinawa Trough
FIGURE 1. Probathylepas faxian sp. nov., a–c, holotype (MBM 240865) a. individual viewed from right side; b. carinal view; c. rostral view;
FIGURE 3 in A new species and new record of deep-sea scale-worms (Polynoidae: Polychaeta) from the Okinawa Trough and the South China Sea
FIGURE 3. Branchipolynoe pettiboneae Miura & Hashimoto, 1991. a. Notochaetae from segment 8. b. Neurochaetae from same. c. Details of neurochaetae tips. d. Neurochaetae from same, with details of tips. Scale bars= 25µ.
FIGURE 6 in A new species and new record of deep-sea scale-worms (Polynoidae: Polychaeta) from the Okinawa Trough and the South China Sea
FIGURE 6. Lepidonotopodium okinawae sp. nov. a. View of the elytral surface showing numerousfoveolae; b. Micropapilla in the foveola. c. Notochaetae (segment 8); d. Neurochaetae (segment 8). Scale bars: a=150 µm; b=15µm; c=25µm; d=50µm.
FIGURE 5 in A new species and new record of deep-sea scale-worms (Polynoidae: Polychaeta) from the Okinawa Trough and the South China Sea
FIGURE 5. Lepidonotopodium okinawae sp. nov. a. Anterior end, dorsal view; b. Same, ventral view; c. Second elytra; d. Sixth elytra; e. Anterior view of parapodium (segment 8); f. Posterior view of parapodium (segment 8). Scale bars: a, b=1 mm; c=200 µm; d=300 µm; e, f=150µm.
FIGURE 2 in A new species and new record of deep-sea scale-worms (Polynoidae: Polychaeta) from the Okinawa Trough and the South China Sea
FIGURE 2. Branchipolynoe pettiboneae Miura & Hashimoto, 1991. a. Anterior end, dorsal view (one palplost). b. Same, ventral view. c. Second parapodia. d. Sixth parapodia. Scale bars=1mm.
FIGURE 1 in A new species and new record of deep-sea scale-worms (Polynoidae: Polychaeta) from the Okinawa Trough and the South China Sea
FIGURE 1. Branchipolynoe pettiboneae Miura & Hashimoto, 1991. a. Anterior end, dorsal view (one palplost). b. Same, ventral view. c. Ventral view of papillae on segments 11 and 12. d. Dorsal view of posterior end showing elytra and large, arborescent branchiae again label these with an arrow (Anal cirri lost). Scale bars=1mm.
FIGURE 2 in First columbellid species (Gastropoda: Buccinoidea) from deep-sea hydrothermal vents, discovered in Okinawa Trough, Japan
FIGURE 2. Phylogenetic reconstruction using the COI gene (618 bp) showing Astyris thermophilus n. sp. nested within Columbellidae. Node values indicate Bayesian posterior probability, those lower than 0.7 are omitted. The DDBJ/EMBL/GenBank accession numbers for each sequence used are shown inside brackets (LC329027 and LC329028 for the two sequenced specimens of A. thermophilus n. sp.).
FIGURE 1. Astyris thermophilus n in First columbellid species (Gastropoda: Buccinoidea) from deep-sea hydrothermal vents, discovered in Okinawa Trough, Japan
FIGURE 1. Astyris thermophilus n. sp. A–D. Holotype (UMUT RM32644). E. Paratype #1 (NSMT Mo 78990). F. Paratype #2 (UMUT RM32645), periostracum removed to show spiral striae. G. Protoconch of paratype #6, a juvenile specimen (UMUT RM 32646). H. Operculum of paratype #2 (UMUT RM32645). I. Radula of paratype #2, UMUT RM32645). Scale bars = 2 mm (A–F), 500 µm (G, H), 20 µm (I).
FIGURE 5 in A new genus and one new species of the family Uristidae Hurley, 1963 (Amphipoda, Lysianassoidea) described from hydrothermal vent of the Okinawa Trough, NW pacific
FIGURE 5. Liuiuristis thermalis sp. nov., MBM 286562, Paratype, J(6.3 mm): G1 L, left gnathopod; G2 L, left gnathopod 2.
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