Find research datasets worth reusing

Fig. 12 in Some Ultrastructural Features of the Planktonic Freshwater Ciliate Limnostrombidium viride (Alveolata, Ciliophora, Oligotrichida) and Improved Diagnoses of Oligotrich Taxa

Fig. 12. Neoformation organelles in dividers of Limnostrombidium viride in the transmission electron microscope. (A) Oblique section of the organelle's distal (asterisk) and proximal portions with the outgrowing cilia of the oral primordium. The axonemes (arrowheads) are very short, lack the central pair of microtubules, and are bulbous because being embedded in many vesicles. (B) Cross section of cilia. Their axonemes already possess the "9×2+2" ultrastructure (arrowheads). (C) Tangential section of the neoformation organelle showing cross sections of cilia (arrowheads) and vesicles with electron-dense content of unknown function. (D) Longitudinal section of the posterior cell portion. Both the unciliated (arrowhead) and ciliated (double arrowhead) portions of the organelle are shown twice in cross section. MB, cell membrane; PE, perilemma; V, vesicles. Scale bars: 1 µm (A–C), 5 µm (D).

Fig. 11 in Some Ultrastructural Features of the Planktonic Freshwater Ciliate Limnostrombidium viride (Alveolata, Ciliophora, Oligotrichida) and Improved Diagnoses of Oligotrich Taxa

Fig. 11. Ring-canal of Limnostrombidium viride in the transmission electron microscope. The transverse section of the organelle shows its position between the anterior furrow (asterisk) and the stripe of extrusome attachment sites (arrow denotes the electron-dense cap of an empty "extrusome chamber"). Vesicles are adjacent to the irregular anterior membrane portion of the canal, while the posterior portion is underlain by two layers of perpendicularly orientated microtubules. ML, two layers of microtubules; PE, perilemma; RC, lumen of ringcanal; V, vesicles of unknown function. Scale bar: 1 µm.

Fig. 10 in Some Ultrastructural Features of the Planktonic Freshwater Ciliate Limnostrombidium viride (Alveolata, Ciliophora, Oligotrichida) and Improved Diagnoses of Oligotrich Taxa

Fig. 10. Extrusome attachment sites (A) and immature extrusomes (B, C) of L. viride in the TEM. (A) Freeze-fracture replica showing the extrusome attachment rosettes. (B, C) Transverse and longitudinal sections; white lines mark corresponding section planes. The extrusome shows in longitudinal section an electron-dense fusiform wall and an electron-light lumen with indistinct transverse stripes. The apical portion of the extrusome is surrounded by an electron-dense structure; both are enclosed by a membrane (arrowheads). The transverse section shows the extrusome to be composed of six electron-dense trapeziums arranged around a bright lumen. 1, attachment rosette with one central and eight peripheral particles; 2, first ring; 3, second ring; ED, electron-dense structure; EX, extrusomes. Scale bars: 1 µm.

Fig. 3 in Some Ultrastructural Features of the Planktonic Freshwater Ciliate Limnostrombidium viride (Alveolata, Ciliophora, Oligotrichida) and Improved Diagnoses of Oligotrich Taxa

Fig. 3. Oral ciliature of Limnostrombidium viride in the scanning (A) and transmission electron microscopes (B–D). (A) Proximal portion of the adoral zone of membranelles. The endoral membrane is usually covered by a cytoplasmic fold and a membranous sheet (probably perilemma). (B) Longitudinal section of the buccal lip and endoral membrane in ventral view. Note the numerous vesicles with fluffy content of unknown nature in the anterior cell half and especially in the buccal lip. The perilemma forms stacks in the buccal cavity, while it otherwise covers the cell only with a single layer. (C) Longitudinal section of the buccal vertex near the cytostome. The distal ends of the endoral cilia have modified axonemes (arrowhead), i.e., they have a reduced number of peripheral microtubular doublets. Some cilia of the buccal membranelles and the multiple membranes are also recognisable. (D) Transverse section of the basal bodies of the endoral membrane (seen from inside the buccal cavity). BL, buccal lip; BM, buccal membranelles; CM, collar membranelles; E, endoral membrane; ED, electron-dense bodies; LM, bifurcated left microtubular ribbons; NE, possibly nematodesmata; PE, perilemma; RM, right microtubular ribbons. Scale bars: 10 µm (A), 1 µm (B–D).

Fig. 9 in Some Ultrastructural Features of the Planktonic Freshwater Ciliate Limnostrombidium viride (Alveolata, Ciliophora, Oligotrichida) and Improved Diagnoses of Oligotrich Taxa

Fig. 9. Extrusomes of Limnostrombidium viride in the SEM (A, B) and TEM (C, D). (A) Lateral view of a cell. Arrowheads mark just ejected extrusomes. (B) Extrusome cluster. (C) Cross section of extrusome stripe. (D) Longitudinal section. One extrusome is just ejected (arrow), four are in the resting state, and three "empty chambers" (asterisks) are the remains of previously ejected extrusomes. CSL, concentric sheet layers; CT, curved tubules; EC, extrusome cores; ED, electron-dense bodies; EM, extrusome membranes; EX, extrusomes; GK, girdle kinety; MT, separating microtubules; PE, perilemma. Scale bars: 20 µm (A), 1 µm (B–D).

Fig. 7 in Some Ultrastructural Features of the Planktonic Freshwater Ciliate Limnostrombidium viride (Alveolata, Ciliophora, Oligotrichida) and Improved Diagnoses of Oligotrich Taxa

Fig. 7. Hemitheca of Limnostrombidium viride in the transmission electron microscope. (A) Tangential section showing the seams (arrow) between the polygonal cortical platelets, which are covered by the layer of longitudinal microtubules. (B) Freeze-fracture replica showing the seams between the polygonal platelets, the layer of longitudinally orientated microtubules, the alveoli, and remnants of the cell membrane with its densely arranged particles (arrows). (C) Transverse section showing the perilemma with its electron-dense bodies, the alveoli, the layer of longitudinal microtubules, and the polygonal cortical platelets. The arrowhead marks the cell membrane. AL, alveoli; CP, cortical platelets; MT, cortical microtubular layer; PE, perilemma. Scale bars: 1 µm.

Fig. 2 in Some Ultrastructural Features of the Planktonic Freshwater Ciliate Limnostrombidium viride (Alveolata, Ciliophora, Oligotrichida) and Improved Diagnoses of Oligotrich Taxa

Fig. 2. Transmission electron micrographs of collar membranelles in Limnostrombidium viride. Their anterior ends are directed to the left. (A–C) Transverse sections at different planes showing the various connections between the basal bodies of an individual membranelle and the microtubules extending into the cytoplasm. (D) The axonemes of the individual cilia are enclosed by the cell membrane, while all cilia of a membranelle are additionally surrounded by the perilemma. (E) Transverse sections of two polykinetids at the level of the basal bodies. The last file of the upper adoral membrane has associated short ciliary stubs only (arrowhead). 1–3, rows 1–3; ED, electron-dense bodies; IMF, intermembranellar fibre; M1, microtubular ribbons at row 1; M3, microtubular ribbons at row 3; PE, perilemma. Scale bars: 1 µm (A–C), 0.5 µm (D, E).

Fig. 6 in Some Ultrastructural Features of the Planktonic Freshwater Ciliate Limnostrombidium viride (Alveolata, Ciliophora, Oligotrichida) and Improved Diagnoses of Oligotrich Taxa

Fig. 6. Ventral kinety of Limnostrombidium viride in the transmission electron microscope. (A) Longitudinal section of a dikinetid showing the diverging basal bodies. A perilemma covers the cell surface. (B) Transverse section showing a dikinetid in the longitudinal furrow later- ally bordered by the cortical platelets of the hemitheca. CP, cortical platelets; ED, electron-dense bodies; ML, cortical microtubular layer; PE, perilemma; SC1, anterior dikinetidal cilium; SC2, posterior dikinetidal cilium. Scale bars: 1 µm.

Fig. 1 in Some Ultrastructural Features of the Planktonic Freshwater Ciliate Limnostrombidium viride (Alveolata, Ciliophora, Oligotrichida) and Improved Diagnoses of Oligotrich Taxa

Fig. 1. Limnostrombidium viride (A, schematic line drawing combining data from scanning and transmission electron microscopy; B, C, scanning electron micrographs). (A) General morphology. Note that the polygonal platelets of the hemitheca are only depicted in the cell periphery to show the more centrally located organelles. For the sake of clarity, the course of the neoformation organelle is somewhat stretched. (B, C) Ventral view and detail of ventral side. The arrowhead (C) marks the opening of the neoformation organelle in the stripe of extrusome attachment sites. BL, buccal lip; BM, buccal membranelles; CM, collar membranelles; EX, stripe of extrusome attachment sites; GK, girdle kinety; HT, hemitheca; MA, macronucleus; MI, micronucleus; NF, neoformation organelle; VK, ventral kinety. Scale bars: 30 µm (A), 20 µm (B), 10 µm (C).

Fig. 8 in Some Ultrastructural Features of the Planktonic Freshwater Ciliate Limnostrombidium viride (Alveolata, Ciliophora, Oligotrichida) and Improved Diagnoses of Oligotrich Taxa

Fig. 8. Nuclear apparatus of Limnostrombidium viride in the transmission electron microscope. (A) Interphase state showing the micronucleus in an indentation of the macronucleus, which has an irregular surface and contains numerous electron-dense inclusions, probably nucleoli. (B) A macronucleus showing the replication band. The arrow indicates the migration direction of the replication band. 1, zone of typical macronuclear structure; 2, zone characterised by protein and RNA production; 3, bright zone with beginning biosynthesis and DNA replication; MA, macronucleus; MI, micronucleus. Scale bars: 2 µm.

Fig. 4 in Some Ultrastructural Features of the Planktonic Freshwater Ciliate Limnostrombidium viride (Alveolata, Ciliophora, Oligotrichida) and Improved Diagnoses of Oligotrich Taxa

Fig. 4. Girdle kinety of Limnostrombidium viride (A, scanning electron micrograph; B, scheme of dikinetid). (A) Detail of kinety showing the two alternating types of girdle cilia. (B) Dikinetid with the associated structures; the presence of a transverse ribbon is uncertain. Numbering of the triplets (1–9) follows the "Grain convention", but is somewhat uncertain, as the triplets are difficult to identify. The scheme bases on numerous transmission electron micrographs (not shown). DS, desmose; KD, kinetodesmal fibril; PC, postciliary microtubular ribbon; SC1, club-shaped cilia of left dikinetidal basal bodies (originally anterior ones); SC2, condylocilia of right dikinetidal basal bodies (originally posterior ones). Scale bar: 2 µm.

Figure 2 in Morphology and infraciliature of two new species of marine oligotrich ciliates (Ciliophora: Oligotrichida) from China

Figure 2. Photomicrographs of Parallelostrombidium paralatum nov. sp. from life (A–E) and after protargol impregnation (F–J). (A) Ventral view of a representative specimen, arrow marks the apical protrusion; (B) ventral view of the anterior region of the cell, to show the apical protrusion and the ventral membranelles; (C) ventral view of the posterior region of the cell, arrows mark the oral primordium of the opisthe; (D) lateral view, to show the apical protrusion and the ingested algae; (E) extrusomes after cell bursts; (F) early divider in left ventral view, arrowheads indicate the oral primordium; (G) dorsal view, arrows mark the girdle kinety; (H) to show the macronucleus and the nucleoli; (I) ventral view, to show the two thigmotactic membranelles (arrowheads), girdle kinety (arrows) and the ventral kinety (double-arrowheads); (J) early divider in left ventral view, arrowhead marks the oral primordium. Scale bars: 35 mm (A, D); 5 mm (E).

Figure 3 in Morphology and infraciliature of two new species of marine oligotrich ciliates (Ciliophora: Oligotrichida) from China

Figure 3. Strombidium montagnesi nov. sp. from life (A–D) and after protargol impregnation (E–I). (A) Ventral view of a typical individual, arrows indicate the ridge along equatorial region; (B) extrusomes; (C) ventral view, to show different cell shape; (D) right side view to show the dorsoventrally flattened cell shape, arrows mark the ridge along subequatorial region; (E) ventral view of an early divider, arrow marks the oral primordium; (F) pattern of somatic ciliature; (G, H) ventral and dorsal views showing ciliary pattern; (I) ventral view of an early divider. AM, anterior membranelles; AP, apical protrusion; EM, new endoral membrane; GK, girdle kinety; Ma, macronucleus; VK, ventral kinety; VM, ventral membranelles. Scale bars: 15 mm (A, G, H); 3 mm (B).

Figure 4 in Morphology and infraciliature of two new species of marine oligotrich ciliates (Ciliophora: Oligotrichida) from China

Figure 4. Photomicrographs of Strombidium montagnesi nov. sp. from life (A–E) and after protargol impregnation (F–J). (A) Ventral view of a representative specimen, arrows indicate the ridge along equatorial region; (B) lateral view, arrows mark the ridge along subequatorial region; (C) to show the cilia of the ventral kinety (arrows); (D) arrows mark the edge of the transparent hemitheca; (E) to show different cell shape, the flame-shaped anterior membranelles when cell is at rest, and the densely arranged extrusomes; (F) ventral view, to show the oral primordium (arrowhead) and the girdle kinety (arrows); (G) to show the macronucleus and the nucleoli; (H) dorsal view, arrows indicate the girdle kinety; (I) to show the oral primordium; (J) to show the ventral kinety (arrowheads). Scale bars: 15 mm (A, B, E); 10 mm (F); 20 mm (G, J).

Figure 1 in Morphology and infraciliature of two new species of marine oligotrich ciliates (Ciliophora: Oligotrichida) from China

Figure 1. Parallelostrombidium paralatum nov. sp. from life (A, B, E–G) and after protargol impregnation (C, D, H– J). (A) Ventral view of a typical individual; (B) lateral view, arrowheads show the two thigmotactic membranelles; (C) pattern of somatic ciliature; (D) details of the anterior membranelles; (E) pattern of locomotion; (F) to show the creeping state, note the cell attached to the substrate with its two thigmotactic membranelles; (G) extrusomes; (H, I) ventral (H) and dorsal (I) views showing ciliary pattern; (J) ventral view of a middle divider, to show the newly built oral primordium and new thigmotactic membranelles (arrowheads); basal bodies proliferate within the girdle and ventral kinety (arrows). AM, anterior membranelles; AP, apical protrusion; E, endoral membrane; GK, girdle kinety; Ma, macronucleus; Pe, pellicle; TM, thigmotactic membranelles; VK, ventral kinety; VM, ventral membranelles. Scale bars: 30 mm (A, B, H, I); 5 mm (G); 40 mm (J).