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Fig. 9 in The genus Ophelina Örsted, 1843 (Annelida: Opheliidae) in the coast of Kuwait (northern Indian Ocean), with the description of a new species

Fig. 9. Ophelina grandis (Pillai, 1961). SEM micrographs, specimen from Kuwait (MNCN 16.01/17006). A. Anterior end, latero-ventral view. B. Buccal tentacles (framed in A). C. Nuchal organ and CH1, lateral view. D. CH2. E. CH11–12. F. CH11, detail (framed in E). Abbreviations: br = branchia; brb = branchial basis; bt = buccal tentacles; CH/ch = chaetiger; neu = neurochaetae; not = notochaetae; nuo = nuchal organ; pcl = prechaetal lobe; pvl = parapodial ventral lobe.

Fig. 8 in The genus Ophelina Örsted, 1843 (Annelida: Opheliidae) in the coast of Kuwait (northern Indian Ocean), with the description of a new species

Fig. 8. Ophelina grandis (Pillai, 1961). Stereomicrographs, specimen from Kuwait (MNCN 16.01/17005). A. Complete specimen, ventral view. B. Anterior end, lateral view. C. Posterior end, lateral view. Abbreviations: at = anal tube; br = branchia; mo = mouth; nuo = nuchal organ; pa = palpode; pbp = pair of basal papillae; pmp_p = paired marginal papillae - posterior; pmp_v = paired marginal papillae - ventral; uac = unpaired anal cirrus; vg = ventral groove.

Fig. 5 in The genus Ophelina Örsted, 1843 (Annelida: Opheliidae) in the coast of Kuwait (northern Indian Ocean), with the description of a new species

Fig. 5. Ophelina arabica sp. nov., paratype (MNCN 16.01/17004), SEM micrographs. A. Posterior end, lateral view. B. Anal tube and unpaired anal cirrus (framed in A). C. Anal tube, antero-ventral region, detail (framed in B). D. Pair of basal papillae, detail (framed in C). Abbreviations: atdi = anal tube dorsal incision; lclc = last chaetigers long chaetae; pbp = pair of basal papillae; uac = unpaired anal cirrus.

Fig. 13 in The genus Ophelina Örsted, 1843 (Annelida: Opheliidae) in the coast of Kuwait (northern Indian Ocean), with the description of a new species

Fig. 13. Type localities of species of Ophelina described in the Indo-Pacific and Australia and records of Ophelina in the Arabian Gulf.

Fig. 2 in The genus Ophelina Örsted, 1843 (Annelida: Opheliidae) in the coast of Kuwait (northern Indian Ocean), with the description of a new species

Fig. 2. Ophelina arabica sp. nov. Stereomicrographs. A. Paratype (MNCN 16.01/17002). B–C. Holotype (MNCN 16.01/17001). A. Complete specimen. B. Posterior end, dorsal view. C. Posterior end, ventral view. Abbreviations: at = anal tube; atdi = anal tube dorsal incision; atvdf = anal tube ventro-distal fusion line; atvpf = anal tube ventro-proximal fusion line; lclc = last chaetigers long chaetae; pa = palpode; pbp = pair of basal papillae; uac = unpaired anal cirrus; vg = ventral groove.

Fig. 7 in The genus Ophelina Örsted, 1843 (Annelida: Opheliidae) in the coast of Kuwait (northern Indian Ocean), with the description of a new species

Fig. 7. Ophelina grandis (Pillai, 1961). Line drawings, specimen from Kuwait (MNCN 16.01/17005). A. Anterior end, lateral view. B–D. Parapodia: 2 (B), 3 (C) and 5 (D), right side. E. Anal tube, lateral view. F. Anal tube, lateral view, detail of posterior and ventral margins and papillae. G. Anal tube, ventral view. Abbreviations: ata = anal tube annulations; br = branchia; neu = neurochaetae; not = notochaetae; nuo = nuchal organ; pa = palpode; pbp = pair of basal papillae; pcl = parapodial prechaetal lobe; pmp_p = paired marginal papillae - posterior; pmp_v = paired marginal papillae - ventral; pvl = parapodial ventral lobe; uac = unpaired anal cirrus; vg = ventral groove. B–D = same scale.

Fig. 4 in The genus Ophelina Örsted, 1843 (Annelida: Opheliidae) in the coast of Kuwait (northern Indian Ocean), with the description of a new species

Fig. 4. Ophelina arabica sp. nov., paratype (MNCN 16.01/17003), SEM micrographs. A. CH14. B. CH21. C. CH28. D. Posterior end, ventral view. E. Last chaetigers, detail (framed in D). F. Pair of basal papillae and unpaired anal cirrus, detail (framed in E). Abbreviations: ata = anal tube annulations; atvdf = anal tube ventro-distal fusion line; atvpf = anal tube ventro-proximal fusion line; lclc = last chaetigers long chaetae; neu = neurochaetae; not = notochaetae; pbp = pair of basal papillae; pcl = parapodial prechaetal lobe; pdc = parapodial dorsal cirrus; pvl = parapodial ventral lobe; uac = unpaired anal cirrus; vg = ventral groove.

Fig. 6 in The genus Ophelina Örsted, 1843 (Annelida: Opheliidae) in the coast of Kuwait (northern Indian Ocean), with the description of a new species

Fig. 6. Sampling localities in Inner Arabian Gulf were Ophelina arabica sp. nov. and O. grandis (Pillai, 1961) were collected.

Fig. 3 in The genus Ophelina Örsted, 1843 (Annelida: Opheliidae) in the coast of Kuwait (northern Indian Ocean), with the description of a new species

Fig. 3. Ophelina arabica sp. nov., paratype (MNCN 16.01/17003), SEM micrographs. A. Anterior end, latero-ventral view (framed: palpode, detail). B. Nuchal organ, left side. C. CH1–4, lateral view. D. CH2. E. CH6. F. CH9. Abbreviations: br = branchia; CH/ch = chaetiger; lg = lateral groove; neu = neurochaetae; not = notochaetae; nuo = nuchal organ; pa = palpode; pcl = parapodial prechaetal lobe; pdc = parapodial dorsal cirrus; pvl = parapodial ventral lobe; vg = ventral groove.

Fig. 1 in The genus Ophelina Örsted, 1843 (Annelida: Opheliidae) in the coast of Kuwait (northern Indian Ocean), with the description of a new species

Fig. 1. Ophelina arabica sp. nov., holotype (MNCN 16.01/17001), line drawings. A. Anterior end, lateral view. B–G. Parapodia: 1 (B), 2 (C), 3 (D), 6 (E), 17 (F) and 29 (G), left side. H–J. Anal tube: ventral (H), dorsal (I) and lateral (J) views. Abbreviations: ata = anal tube annulations; atdi = anal tube dorsal incision; atvdf = anal tube ventro-distal fusion line; atvpf = anal tube ventro-proximal fusion line; br = branchia; neu = neurochaetae; not = notochaetae; nuo = nuchal organ; pa = palpode; pbp = pair of basal papillae; pcl = parapodial prechaetal lobe; pdc = parapodial dorsal cirrus; pvl = parapodial ventral lobe; uac = unpaired anal cirrus; vg = ventral groove. B–G = same scale; D–G, I: chaetae not illustrated.

Fig. 11 in The genus Ophelina Örsted, 1843 (Annelida: Opheliidae) in the coast of Kuwait (northern Indian Ocean), with the description of a new species

Fig. 11. Ophelina grandis (Pillai, 1961). Stereomicrographs. A–B. Holotype (NHM 1960.3.13.17). C–F. Paratype (NHM 1960.3.13.18). A. Complete specimen, left lateral view. B. Posterior end and anal tube, detail (framed in A). C. Posterior end and anal tube, dorso-lateral view. D. Posterior end and anal tube, dorsal view. E. Anterior body half, left latero-ventral view. F. Posterior body half, left lateroventral view. Abbreviations: at = anal tube; ata = anal tube annulations; br = branchia; mo = mouth; pa = palpode; pmp_p = paired marginal papillae - posterior; pmp_v = paired marginal papillae - ventral; uac = unpaired anal cirrus; vg = ventral groove.

Fig. 10 in The genus Ophelina Örsted, 1843 (Annelida: Opheliidae) in the coast of Kuwait (northern Indian Ocean), with the description of a new species

Fig. 10.Ophelina grandis (Pillai, 1961). SEM micrographs, specimen from Kuwait (MNCN 16.01/17006). A. CH41. B. CH41, notopodium, detail. C. CH58–60. D. CH60 (framed in C). Abbreviations: brb = branchial basis; CH/ch = chaetiger; neu = neurochaetae; not = notochaetae; pcl = prechaetal lobe; pvl = parapodial ventral lobe.

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Data from: The effect of bioturbation by polychaetes (Opheliidae) on benthic foraminiferal assemblages and test preservation

Biological activity such as burrowing can alter benthic foraminiferal shell preservation and may also modify benthic foraminiferal assemblages by vertical mixing, inducing sediment homogenization. Here, we analyse benthic foraminiferal assemblages and taphonomy of upper Miocene marine deposits from Conil de la Frontera (Cádiz, south-western Spain). The deposits consist of marls displaying a pervasive alternation of intensively bioturbated beds dominated by Macaronichnus segregatis traces (ichnofabric index 4–5) and non-bioturbated beds. Benthic foraminiferal assemblages are dominated by Cibicidoides mundulus and Cibicides refulgens, indicating that the marls were deposited on an oligotrophic, well-oxygenated upper slope. The impact of burrowing on the preservation of benthic foraminiferal tests was tested using Q-mode cluster analysis, which found two well-differentiated groups of samples, one including the non-bioturbated beds and the other encompassing the bioturbated ones. Fragmentation and recrystallization account for the differentiation of these groups, both being higher in the bioturbated sediments. Aggressive chemical digestion by the Macaronichnus trace-makers, assumed to be a polychaete worm of the family Opheliidae, etched the microfossil shells, making them more vulnerable to fragmentation. Intense bioturbation favoured the circulation of pore fluids, encouraging recrystallization. Pervasive burrowing resulted in significant vertical reworking of microfossils. As a consequence, benthic foraminiferal assemblages in the bioturbated beds were homogenized in the mixed layer; that is, the uppermost layer of the substrate totally burrowed. The alternation of bioturbated and non-bioturbated beds reflects episodic transfer of food particles down slope from shallower parts of the shelf as well as from the continent due to storms under otherwise homogeneous oligotrophic marine conditions.

FIGURE 5 in New polychaete species collected during the expeditions ANDEEP I, II, and III to the deep Atlantic sector of the Southern Ocean in the austral summers 2002 and 2005 — Ampharetidae, Opheliidae, and Scalibregmatidae

FIGURE 5. Pseudoscalibregma papilia sp. nov. A. entire animal, B. anterior segments, C. posterior parapodium, D. furcate chaetae, E. pygidium.

FIGURE 3. A–B in New polychaete species collected during the expeditions ANDEEP I, II, and III to the deep Atlantic sector of the Southern Ocean in the austral summers 2002 and 2005 — Ampharetidae, Opheliidae, and Scalibregmatidae

FIGURE 3. A–B Ammotrypanella cirrosa sp. nov. A. entire animal, B. posterior segments; C–E. Ammotrypanella arctica McIntosh 1879 C. anterior segments dorsal view, D. anterior segments lateral view, E. posterior segments, F–G Ammotrypanella princessa sp. nov. F. posterior segments, G. anterior segments.

FIGURE 4. A–B in New polychaete species collected during the expeditions ANDEEP I, II, and III to the deep Atlantic sector of the Southern Ocean in the austral summers 2002 and 2005 — Ampharetidae, Opheliidae, and Scalibregmatidae

FIGURE 4. A–B Ammotrypanella mcintoshi sp. nov. A. anterior segments, B. posterior segments; C–D. Ophelina robusta sp. nov. C. anterior segments, D. posterior segments; E–F. Ophelina ammotrypanella sp. nov. E. anterior segments, F. posterior segments.

FIGURE 1 in New polychaete species collected during the expeditions ANDEEP I, II, and III to the deep Atlantic sector of the Southern Ocean in the austral summers 2002 and 2005 — Ampharetidae, Opheliidae, and Scalibregmatidae

FIGURE 1. Epibenthic sledge stations of the expeditions ANDEEP I–III, grey ANDEEP I/II, black ANDEEP III (Schüller & Ebbe 2007).

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FIGURE 9. Armandia laminosa n in Six new species of the genus Armandia Filippi, 1861 (Polychaeta, Opheliidae) from Lizard Island (Great Barrier Reef, Australia)

FIGURE 9. Armandia laminosa n. sp. SEM micrographs (paratypes AM W.47323). A. CH21, right side, ventroanterior view; B. CH26, right side, ventroanterior view; C. Posterior end, right side, lateral view (dotted line showing approximate shape of missing left paired basal cirri); D. detail of anal tube (arrow marking position of scar of detached left pbc); E. CH1–CH4, right side, lateral view; F. Posterior end, right lateral view.

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FIGURE 10. Armandia paraintermedia n in Six new species of the genus Armandia Filippi, 1861 (Polychaeta, Opheliidae) from Lizard Island (Great Barrier Reef, Australia)

FIGURE 10. Armandia paraintermedia n. sp. (holotype AM W.44243). A. Anterior end, left side, lateral view. B. Posterior end, left side, latero-dorsal view. C. Posterior end, ventral view. (D–I) Parapodia, right (D–G) and left (H–I) side: D. CH1, anterolateral view; E. CH2, dorsal view; F. CH5; dorsal view; G. CH8, dorsal view; H. CH26, anterolateral view; I. CH28, anterolateral view. White arrows marking position of prechaetal lobe tip. Dotted line in B depicting approximate shape and position of missing unpaired anal cirrus and extra dorsal paired anal cirri. Proximal part of chaetae only illustrated in D, E and I.