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8 results for “Ophiocordyceps unilateralis”
FIGURE 8 in Unravelling the diversity behind the Ophiocordyceps unilateralis (Ophiocordycipitaceae) complex: Three new species of zombie-ant fungi from the Brazilian Amazon
FIGURE 8. Scanning Electron Micrographs (SEM) of the infected ants. a) C. bispinosus infected by O. camponoti-bispinosi; b) Close-up of the O. camponoti-bispinosi ascoma; c) close-up of the O. camponoti-atricipis ascoma; d) infected C. atriceps; e) infected C. indianus; f) close-up of O. camponoti-indiani ascoma. Images: João Araújo.
FIGURE 6. Infected Ophiocordyceps camponoti-atricipis showing initial development. a in Unravelling the diversity behind the Ophiocordyceps unilateralis (Ophiocordycipitaceae) complex: Three new species of zombie-ant fungi from the Brazilian Amazon
FIGURE 6. Infected Ophiocordyceps camponoti-atricipis showing initial development. a) Day 1 (24th March 2011): Ant attaching to the leaf and dying a few hours later; b) Day 3: Cottony white fungal mycelium arises from ant sutures and joints, the stroma emerges from behind the ant head; c) Day 5: the covering mycelium becomes light brown and the pink-tipped stroma continues to grow. In 2–3 weeks, the ascoma forms and matures over time depending on climatic conditions. Images: João Araújo.
FIGURE 7 in Unravelling the diversity behind the Ophiocordyceps unilateralis (Ophiocordycipitaceae) complex: Three new species of zombie-ant fungi from the Brazilian Amazon
FIGURE 7. Unusual aggregation of different ant species biting on the same leaf and even onto the stoma from another infected ant. Arrows show the four different ants (two species) dead at the same spot. Image: João Araújo.
FIGURE 4. Ophiocordyceps camponoti-indiani a in Unravelling the diversity behind the Ophiocordyceps unilateralis (Ophiocordycipitaceae) complex: Three new species of zombie-ant fungi from the Brazilian Amazon
FIGURE 4. Ophiocordyceps camponoti-indiani a) Camponotus indianus biting into a leaf, several stromata arising from dorsal pronotum, mesonotum and leg joints, with a characteristic purplish coloration. a-1) lateral, fertile cushion (ascoma); a-2) Close up of the dead ant's head showing the biting behavior. b) Section through ascoma showing perithecial arrangement (bar = 500 μm); c) Ascospore after 24 h, with very long capilliconidiophores (1-3) with capilliconidia at the tip (bar = 50 μm); c-1) Detail of fusoid capilliconidium (bar = 10 μm); d) Close up of perithecia showing asci arrangement and the semi-erumpent ostiole (bar = 50 μm); e) Ascus showing the spiral arrangement of ascospores (bar = 20 μm); e-1) Ascus cap detail (bar = 5 μm); f) Section of upper part of stroma showing asexual morph (Hirsutellalike A type), with long-necked phialides (bar = 10 μm); g) Phialides formed as mycelial cushions (sporodochia) on leg joints and antenna (Hirsutella-like C type) (bar = 10 μm). Images: João Araújo.
FIGURE 2. Ophiocordyceps camponoti-atricipis a in Unravelling the diversity behind the Ophiocordyceps unilateralis (Ophiocordycipitaceae) complex: Three new species of zombie-ant fungi from the Brazilian Amazon
FIGURE 2. Ophiocordyceps camponoti-atricipis a) Single stroma, characteristic of Ophiocordyceps unilateralis sensu lato, with a single lateral ascoma, arising anteriorly from pronotum of Camponotus atriceps, firmly attached to the edge of the leaf (bar = 3 mm); b) Detail of fertile region (ascoma) (bar = 0.8 mm); c) Section through ascoma showing the mainly immersed perithecial arrangement (bar = 200 μm); d) Ascospore with a needle-like outgrowth (capilliconidiophore) producing terminal conidium (bar = 20 μm); e) Close-up of conidium (bar = 10 μm); f) Close-up of perithecium (bar = 50 μm); g) Ascus, clavate in shape and with a prominent cap (bar = 20 μm); h) Section of upper part of stroma showing asexual morph (Hirsutella-like A type), with a palisade of subulate phialides (bar = 10 μm) Images: João Araújo.
FIGURE 5. Maximum-likelihood tree obtained from a in Unravelling the diversity behind the Ophiocordyceps unilateralis (Ophiocordycipitaceae) complex: Three new species of zombie-ant fungi from the Brazilian Amazon
FIGURE 5. Maximum-likelihood tree obtained from a concatenated dataset of three genes (nu-SSU, nu-LSU, ITS) showing the placement of O.camponoti-atricipis, O. camponoti-bispinosi and O. camponoti-indiani within Ophiocordyceps unilateralis complex and relative to other Ophiocordycipitaceae species. Numbers above branches indicate bootstrap scores>70 (ML/MP).
FIGURE 1 in Unravelling the diversity behind the Ophiocordyceps unilateralis (Ophiocordycipitaceae) complex: Three new species of zombie-ant fungi from the Brazilian Amazon
FIGURE 1. Map showing the forest reserves sampled in the central Brazilian Amazon: A) Reserva Adolpho Ducke; B) Parque Nacional de Anavilhanas; C) Parque Nacional do Viruá; D) Estação Ecológica de Maracá.
FIGURE 3. Ophiocordyceps camponoti-bispinosi a in Unravelling the diversity behind the Ophiocordyceps unilateralis (Ophiocordycipitaceae) complex: Three new species of zombie-ant fungi from the Brazilian Amazon
FIGURE 3. Ophiocordyceps camponoti-bispinosi a) Infected Camponotus bispinosus biting into tip of palm leaf; b) Close-up showing biting behavior; c) Section through ascoma showing perithecial arrangement (bar = 100 μm); d) Ascospore after 48 h germinating with a single capilliconidiophore with a capilliconidium at the tip (bar = 10 μm), upper right corner shows the capilliconidium in close-up (bar = 10 μm); e) Section of perithecium showing the arrangement of asci (bar = 50 μm); f-g) Detail showing the prominent ascus cap (bar = 10 μm); h) Section of the swollen stromatal tip with the asexual morph (Hirsutella-like A) (bar = 10 μm). Images: João Araújo.
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