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Fig. 4 in Ophioderma hendleri sp. nov. (Echinodermata: Ophiuroidea: Ophiodermatidae) and its congeners from the Eastern Pacific

Fig. 4. Ophioderma hendleri sp. nov., paratype (ICML-UNAM 18319, DD = 2.2 mm). A. Dorsal view. B. Basal dorsal arm. C. Dorsal arm. D. Ventral arm. E. Dorsal disc. F. Ventral disc. G. Interradii. H. Mouth.

Fig. 1 in Ophioderma hendleri sp. nov. (Echinodermata: Ophiuroidea: Ophiodermatidae) and its congeners from the Eastern Pacific

Fig. 1. Ophioderma hendleri sp. nov., holotype (ICML-UNAM 18315, DD = 14.8 mm). A. Dorsal disc. B. Ventral disc. C. Mouth. D. Structures of a jaw (according to Hendler 2018). E. Basal dorsal arm. F. Dorsal arm. G. Ventral arm. H. Lateral arm plates and arm spines. I. Dorsal view. See Material and methods for abbreviations.

Fig. 3 in Ophioderma hendleri sp. nov. (Echinodermata: Ophiuroidea: Ophiodermatidae) and its congeners from the Eastern Pacific

Fig. 3. Ophioderma hendleri sp. nov., paratype (ICML-UNAM 10582, DD = 4.8 mm). A. Dorsal view. B. Basal dorsal arm. C. Dorsal arm. D. Ventral arm. E. Dorsal disc. F. Ventral disc. G. Interradii. H. Mouth.

Fig. 2 in Ophioderma hendleri sp. nov. (Echinodermata: Ophiuroidea: Ophiodermatidae) and its congeners from the Eastern Pacific

Fig. 2. SEM images of skeletal elements of Ophioderma hendleri sp. nov., paratype (ICML-UNAM 18323, DD = 15 mm). A–B. Radial shield (external view), deepest pores marked with arrows. C. Center of the distal portion of the radial shield, open meshed pores. D. Dorsal arm plate, with one spur. E. Ventral arm plate, with one spur. F. Lateral arm plate, external face, with two spurs and one condyle. G. Lateral arm plate, lateral face, with spine articulations. H. Lateral arm plate, internal face. I. Outer surface of the LAP (F) with finely meshed and polygonal knobs. J. Spine articulations with a weak sigmoidal fold and tilted lobes. K. Arm vertebra, distal face. L. Arm vertebra, proximal face. M. Tentacle scale. N. Arm spine. O. Dental plate fragments. P. Oral plate, abradial face. Q. Oral plate, adradial face.

Fig. 6 in Ophioderma hendleri sp. nov. (Echinodermata: Ophiuroidea: Ophiodermatidae) and its congeners from the Eastern Pacific

Fig. 6. SEM images of skeletal elements of Ophioderma panamense (ICML-UNAM 3.18.60, DD = 11.1 mm). A. Radial shield (external view), the pores marked with arrows. B. Dorsal arm plate, with seven spurs. C. Ventral arm plate with one spur. D. Lateral arm plate, external face, with two spurs. E. Lateral arm plate, lateral face, with spine articulations. F. Lateral arm plate, internal face. G. Outer surface of the LAP (D) with fine mesh and rounded knobs. H. Spine articulations with a weak sigmoidal fold and tilted lobes. I. Arm vertebra, proximal face. J. Arm vertebra, distal face. K. Tentacle scale. L. Arm spine. M. Dental plate fragments.

Fig. 7. Ophioderma pentacanthum H.L. Clark, 1917 in Ophioderma hendleri sp. nov. (Echinodermata: Ophiuroidea: Ophiodermatidae) and its congeners from the Eastern Pacific

Fig. 7. Ophioderma pentacanthum H.L. Clark, 1917, paratype (A–G = MCZ OPH-4519, DD = 21.1 mm H–I = MZUCR-ECH 1413, DD = 23.0 mm; J–K = MZUCR-ECH 1414, DD = 26.8 mm). A. Dorsal disc. B. Ventral disc. C. Mouth. D. Dorsal arm. E. Ventral arm. F. Dorsal view. G. Pores between proximal ventral arm plates. H. Pores in proximal ventral arm plates. I. Pores in median ventral arm plates. J. Pores in proximal ventral arm plates. K. Pores in median ventral arm plates.

Fig. 5. A–D in Ophioderma hendleri sp. nov. (Echinodermata: Ophiuroidea: Ophiodermatidae) and its congeners from the Eastern Pacific

Fig. 5. A–D. Ophioderma hendleri sp. nov. A–B. In vivo coloration in natural habitat. C–D. In vivo coloration of collected specimens. – E–J. Ophioderma panamense Lütken, 1859, holotype (NHMD- 107679, DD = 21.9 mm). E. Dorsal disc. F. Ventral disc. G. Mouth. H. Dorsal arm. I. Ventral arm. J. Dorsal view.

Fig. 9 in Ophioderma hendleri sp. nov. (Echinodermata: Ophiuroidea: Ophiodermatidae) and its congeners from the Eastern Pacific

Fig. 9. SEM images of skeletal elements of Ophioderma variegatum (ICML-UNAM 3.20.4, DD = 13.6 mm). A. Radial shield (external view), deepest pores marked with arrows. B. Dorsal arm plate, with five spurs. C. Ventral arm plate, with one spur. D. Lateral arm plate, external face, with two spurs and one condyle. E. Lateral arm plate, lateral face, with spine articulations. F. Lateral arm plate, internal face. G. Outer surface of the LAP (D) with fine mesh and rounded knobs. H. Spine articulations with a weak sigmoidal fold and tilted lobes. I. Arm vertebra, distal face. J. Arm vertebra, proximal face. K. Arm spine. L. Dental plate fragments. M. Oral plate, adradial face, with arrows pointing to four oral papillae sockets.

FIGURE 1 in Morphological distinction of the Ophioderma Müller & Troschel, 1840 species (Echinodermata: Ophiuroidea: Ophiacanthida: Ophiodermatidae) from the Algerian west coast

FIGURE 1. Geographical location of the sampling stations of the Ophioderma species. (Salamndre ●, Stidia-East □ and StidiaWest +).

FIGURE 2 in Morphological distinction of the Ophioderma Müller & Troschel, 1840 species (Echinodermata: Ophiuroidea: Ophiacanthida: Ophiodermatidae) from the Algerian west coast

FIGURE 2. Measurements taken from dorsal (A) and ventral (B) side of Ophioderma species. IW: Interraduis Width. AW: Arm Width. d1 and d2: large and small disc diameters. M: Madreporite. W: Width and L: Length of oral shield and madreporite. OS: Oral Shied. AdShL: Adoral Shield Length. GS: Genital Slit. VAP: Ventral Arm Plates. Small black narrow: white spots on VAP. Scale bare = 5 mm

FIGURE 7 in Morphological distinction of the Ophioderma Müller & Troschel, 1840 species (Echinodermata: Ophiuroidea: Ophiacanthida: Ophiodermatidae) from the Algerian west coast

FIGURE 7. Photomicrograph of Ophioderma female gonads. A: overview of brooding gonads. B: Embryo at the gastrula stage. C: ovary at mature stage. D: partially spawned stage. E: post-spawned stage. F: recovery stage. E: Embryo, IO: Immature Oocyte, MO: Mature Oocyte, OS: Outer Sac, IS: Inner Sac, L: Luman, R: Relic, SOv: Spent Ovary, NC: Nutritional Cells. Scale bar = 100 µm.

FIGURE 6 in Morphological distinction of the Ophioderma Müller & Troschel, 1840 species (Echinodermata: Ophiuroidea: Ophiacanthida: Ophiodermatidae) from the Algerian west coast

FIGURE 6. Covered (a), naked (b) and mixed (c) radial shield. CRS: Covered Radial Shield. NRS: Naked Radial Shield. Scale bare = 0.5 mm.

FIGURE 4 in Morphological distinction of the Ophioderma Müller & Troschel, 1840 species (Echinodermata: Ophiuroidea: Ophiacanthida: Ophiodermatidae) from the Algerian west coast

FIGURE 4. Dorsal disc colour of the Ophioderma species. Roman numerals refer to the description in Table 3. I: The general description olive (a) and brown (b) discs of type I. (c) olive disc with white spots, (d) degradation of dark brown to cream. III: (a) The general description of type III, (b) As dorsal disc but turns to creamy. IV: (a) The general description of type IV, (b) Cream yellow to orange disc. VIII: (a) The general description of type VIII, (b) disc with an orange pattern. CRS: Covered Radial Shield. NRS: Naked Radial Shield. Scale bare = 0.5 mm.

FIGURE 3 in Morphological distinction of the Ophioderma Müller & Troschel, 1840 species (Echinodermata: Ophiuroidea: Ophiacanthida: Ophiodermatidae) from the Algerian west coast

FIGURE 3. Morphological variation of the dorsal arm plates distal edge of Ophioderma species. Letters refer to the description in Table 2. The black arrows show dark spots. The white arrows show white spots. The red arrows show the white spots surrounded by dark. Scale bare = 0.5 mm.

FIGURE 8 in Morphological distinction of the Ophioderma Müller & Troschel, 1840 species (Echinodermata: Ophiuroidea: Ophiacanthida: Ophiodermatidae) from the Algerian west coast

FIGURE 8. Canonical variates analysis scatter plot (A) and parameters used (B) in the morphometric study of Ophioderma species collected from Salamndre (●), Stidia-East (□) and Stidia-West (+). AL: Arm Length, AW: Arm Width, ML: Madreporite Length, MW: Madreporite Width, R: Madreporite Ratio, OSL: Oral Shield Length, OSW: Oral Shield Width, WS: the presence or absence of white spots on the ventral arm plates IW: Interraduis Width, AdSh-L: Adoral Shield Length.

Fig. 8 in Ophioderma hendleri sp. nov. (Echinodermata: Ophiuroidea: Ophiodermatidae) and its congeners from the Eastern Pacific

Fig. 8. Ophioderma variegatum Lütken, 1856, lectotype (NHMD-107680, DD = 12.4 mm). A. Dorsal disc. B. Ventral disc. C. Mouth. D. Dorsal arm. E. Ventral arm. F. Dorsal view.

Figure 4 from: Pineda-Enríquez T, Solís-Marín F, Hooker Y, Laguarda-Figueras A (2013) Ophioderma peruana, a new species of brittlestar (Echinodermata, Ophiuroidea, Ophiodermatidae) from the Peruvian coast. ZooKeys 357: 53-65. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.357.6176

Figure 4 - Ophioderma peruana sp. n.non-type preserved material (alcohol) showing different colors variations. A specimen in situ B CZA-394 (14 mm DD) radial shields naked C CZA-392 (28 mm DD) radial shields naked D CZA-390 (35 mm DD) radial shields covered by disc granules.

Figure 3 from: Pineda-Enríquez T, Solís-Marín F, Hooker Y, Laguarda-Figueras A (2013) Ophioderma peruana, a new species of brittlestar (Echinodermata, Ophiuroidea, Ophiodermatidae) from the Peruvian coast. ZooKeys 357: 53-65. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.357.6176

Figure 3 - Ophioderma peruana sp. n., holotype (CZA-363). A basal portion of the arms with fragmented dorsal arm plates B dorsal arm plates fragmented in several pieces C ventral arm plates and tentacle scales D lateral view of the arm spines.

Figure 2 from: Pineda-Enríquez T, Solís-Marín F, Hooker Y, Laguarda-Figueras A (2013) Ophioderma peruana, a new species of brittlestar (Echinodermata, Ophiuroidea, Ophiodermatidae) from the Peruvian coast. ZooKeys 357: 53-65. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.357.6176

Figure 2 - Ophioderma peruana sp. n., holotype (CZA-363). A aboral view B oral view C aboral disc and basal portion of the arms D oral disc and basal portion of the arms E jaws F oral portion of the disc and pair of genital slits.

Figure 1 from: Pineda-Enríquez T, Solís-Marín F, Hooker Y, Laguarda-Figueras A (2013) Ophioderma peruana, a new species of brittlestar (Echinodermata, Ophiuroidea, Ophiodermatidae) from the Peruvian coast. ZooKeys 357: 53-65. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.357.6176

Figure 1 - Collecting sites of Ophioderma peruana sp. n. A complete map of America B1 Hooker Reef, Punta Sal 2 Quebrada Verde, El Ñuro 3 Lobos de Afuera Island, Peru.