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Fig. 5 in Ophiomonas shinseimaruae Okanishi & Matsuo & Fujita 2021, sp. n.

Fig. 5. Boundary zones confirmed in the field. a, Most colonies of Montipora digitata were fragmented and covered by T. hoshinota in Ogimi, Japan. b, Enlarged view of a. Arrowheads indicate boundary zones between individuals. c, Distinct boundary zone (arrow heads) on a massive coral Porites in Ogimi. The insert is an enlarged view of the threads. Yellow patches are brown algae covering the dead coral surface. d, The boundary between two individuals (arrow heads) on foliose coral Montipora aequituberculata in Nakijin.

Fig. 3 in Ophiomonas shinseimaruae Okanishi & Matsuo & Fujita 2021, sp. n.

Fig. 3. Results of a, growing-edge contact assays and b, direct contact assays. Five replicated sets were examined for each pair. Individuals are from Nakijin (N1–N5, and N), Sesoko (S1–S2, and S), and Ogimi (O1–O4, and O). Assays between distant reefs are provided as N, O, and S.

Fig. 4 in Ophiomonas shinseimaruae Okanishi & Matsuo & Fujita 2021, sp. n.

Fig. 4. Vertical sections of the boundary zone stained with Picro-sirius red. a and b, Rejection reactions between two individuals. c and d, Fusion between two fragments of the same individual. a, Boundary formation between two individuals and a spicule stuck into another individual (arrowhead). b, Gathered mesohyl between two individuals (arrow). c, A collagenous structure (stained pink) formed at the contact interface. d, Fusion of the sponge tissue. Asterisks indicate the dermal-like layer to indicate the boundary region between two sponges.

Fig. 2. Contact experiments with Terpios hoshinota sponge. a in Ophiomonas shinseimaruae Okanishi & Matsuo & Fujita 2021, sp. n.

Fig. 2. Contact experiments with Terpios hoshinota sponge. a, Two fragments from different individuals (N1 × N2) in the direct contact assay (at day 0). b, Boundary zone (arrow heads) between two individuals (N4 × N5) in the growing-edge contact assay (at day 19). c, Enlarged view of b. d, Colony of Montipora coral (81 cm in diameter) which was covered by sponge patches of N4 and N5 in Nakijin.

Fig. 1 in Ophiomonas shinseimaruae Okanishi & Matsuo & Fujita 2021, sp. n.

Fig. 1. Map of the study sites (Sesoko, Nakijin, and Ogimi) in the northern area of Okinawa Island, Japan.

Fig. 4 in A New Species of the Genus Ophiomonas Djakonov (Echinodermata: Ophiuroidea: Amphilepididae) from the Deep-Sea of Japan

Fig. 4. Ophiomonas shinseimaruae sp. n. (Holotype, NSMT E-13546). SEM photographs of vertebrae on proximal (A–E) and middle portion (F) of arms, proximal (A, F), distal (B), dorsal (C), ventral (D) and lateral (E) views. Blue areas indicate grooves. Arrows indicate orientation: d, dorsal; dis, distal; pro, proximal; v, ventral. Abbreviations: DF, dorsal muscle fossae; FB, foot basin; PR, protrusion; VF, ventral muscle fossae. Scale bars = 100 μm.

Fig. 3 in A New Species of the Genus Ophiomonas Djakonov (Echinodermata: Ophiuroidea: Amphilepididae) from the Deep-Sea of Japan

Fig. 3. Ophiomonas shinseimaruae sp. n. (Holotype, NSMT E-13546). (A) dorsal distal portion of arm; (B–D), ventral proximal (B), middle (C) and distal (D) portion of arms; (E, F) lateral proximal (E) and distal (F) portion of arms. Abbreviations: AS, arm spine; DAP, dorsal arm plate; LAP, lateral arm plate; TS, tentacle scale; VAP, ventral arm plate. Scale bars = 1 mm.

Fig. 2 in A New Species of the Genus Ophiomonas Djakonov (Echinodermata: Ophiuroidea: Amphilepididae) from the Deep-Sea of Japan

Fig. 2. Ophiomonas shinseimaruae sp. n. (Holotype, NSMT E-13546). (A) dorsal whole body, alive; (B) ventral whole body, alive; (C) dorsal disc and proximal portion of arms; (D) central dorsal disc; (E) peripheral dorsal disc; (F) ventral disc; (G) ventral interradial disc; (H) dorsal proximal portion of arm; (I) dorsal middle portion of arm. Abbreviations: AdSh, adoral shield; AdShSp, adoral shield spine; AS, arm spine; BSc, buccal scale; CPP, central primary plate; DAP, dorsal arm plate; GS, genital slit; IPa, infradental papilla; LAP, lateral arm plate; OP, oral plate; OSh, oral shield; PP, primary plate; RS, radial shield; T, tooth; TS, tentacle scale. VAP, ventral arm plate. Scale bars = 1 mm.

Fig. 5 in A New Species of the Genus Ophiomonas Djakonov (Echinodermata: Ophiuroidea: Amphilepididae) from the Deep-Sea of Japan

Fig. 5. Ophiomonas shinseimaruae sp. n. (Holotype, NSMT E-13546), SEM photographs of vertebrae on middle (A–D) and distal portion (E, F) of arms, proximal (A, F), dorsal (B), ventral (C), lateral (D), distal (E) views. Blue areas indicate grooves. (F) is partly broken. Arrows indicate orientation: d, dorsal; dis, distal; pro, proximal; v, ventral. Abbreviations: FB, foot basin; DF, dorsal muscle fossae; PR, protrusion; VF, ventral muscle fossae. Scale bars = 100 μm.

Fig. 8 in A New Species of the Genus Ophiomonas Djakonov (Echinodermata: Ophiuroidea: Amphilepididae) from the Deep-Sea of Japan

Fig. 8. Ophiomonas shinseimaruae sp. n. (A paratype, NSMT E-13550). (A, B) SEM photographs of dental plate, external (A) and internal (B) views. Arrows indicate orientation: d, dorsal; v, ventral. Dashed circles indicate septum. Abbreviations: TS, tooth socket. Scale bars = 100 μm.

Fig. 6 in A New Species of the Genus Ophiomonas Djakonov (Echinodermata: Ophiuroidea: Amphilepididae) from the Deep-Sea of Japan

Fig. 6. Ophiomonas shinseimaruae sp. n. (Holotype, NSMT E-13546), SEM photographs of vertebrae on distal portion of arm (A–C) and lateral arm plates (D–I) from proximal (D, E), middle (F, G) and distal (H, I) portion of arms, dorsal (A), ventral (B) and lateral (C) views, external (D, F, H) and internal (E, G, I) views. Blue areas indicate grooves (A, B). (A) is partly broken. Arrows indicate orientation: d, dorsal; dis, distal; pro, proximal; v, ventral. Arrowheads indicate depressed bridge (white) and stereom protuberances (black). Abbreviations: K, knob; DL, dorsal lobe; FB, foot basin; H, hole; MO, muscular opening; NO, nerve opening; P, perforation; PR, protrusion; TN, tentacle notch; VL, ventral lobe. Scale bars = 100 μm.

Fig. 7 in A New Species of the Genus Ophiomonas Djakonov (Echinodermata: Ophiuroidea: Amphilepididae) from the Deep-Sea of Japan

Fig. 7. Ophiomonas shinseimaruae sp. n. (Holotype, NSMT E-13546). SEM photographs of ossicles, (A–F), dorsal arm plates from proximal (A, B), middle (C, D) and distal (E, F) portion of arms; (G–L) ventral arm plates from proximal (G, H), middle (I, J) and distal (K, L) portion of arms, external (A, C, E, G, I, K) and internal (B, D, F, H, J, L) views; (M–P) arm spines from proximal (M, N) and distal (O, P) portion of arms, dorsalmost (M, O) and ventralmost (N, P) ones. Arrows indicate orientation: ba, basal; dis, distal; ex, external; pro, proximal. Scale bars = 100 μm.

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Fig. 1 in A New Species of the Genus Ophiomonas Djakonov (Echinodermata: Ophiuroidea: Amphilepididae) from the Deep-Sea of Japan

Fig. 1. Sampling locality (solid black circle) of examined specimens.