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52 results for “Orchestia”
FIGURE 23. Orchestia mediterranea Costa, 1857 in A revision of the genus Orchestia Leach, 1814 with the reinstatement of O. inaequalipes (K.H. Barnard, 1951), the designation of a neotype for Orchestia gammarellus (Pallas 1776) and the description of three new species (Crustacea: Amphipoda: Talitridae Talitrinae)
FIGURE 23. Orchestia mediterranea Costa, 1857, Napoli (redrawn from Bellan-Santini 1993 and Adriatic, Karaman 1970).
FIGURE 21. Orchestia aestuarensis Wildish, 1987 in A revision of the genus Orchestia Leach, 1814 with the reinstatement of O. inaequalipes (K.H. Barnard, 1951), the designation of a neotype for Orchestia gammarellus (Pallas 1776) and the description of three new species (Crustacea: Amphipoda: Talitridae Talitrinae)
FIGURE 21. Orchestia aestuarensis Wildish, 1987, Medway Estuary, Kent, England (redrawn from Wildish 1987).
FIGURE 24. Orchestia mediterranea Costa, 1857 in A revision of the genus Orchestia Leach, 1814 with the reinstatement of O. inaequalipes (K.H. Barnard, 1951), the designation of a neotype for Orchestia gammarellus (Pallas 1776) and the description of three new species (Crustacea: Amphipoda: Talitridae Talitrinae)
FIGURE 24. Orchestia mediterranea Costa, 1857, Napoli (redrawn from Bellan-Santini 1993 and Adriatic, Karaman 1970).
FIGURE 14 in A revision of the genus Orchestia Leach, 1814 with the reinstatement of O. inaequalipes (K.H. Barnard, 1951), the designation of a neotype for Orchestia gammarellus (Pallas 1776) and the description of three new species (Crustacea: Amphipoda: Talitridae Talitrinae)
FIGURE 14. Orchestia forchuensis sp. nov., Cape Forchu, Nova Scotia, Canada (C) and Nauthólsvík, Iceland (I).
FIGURE 2 in A revision of the genus Orchestia Leach, 1814 with the reinstatement of O. inaequalipes (K.H. Barnard, 1951), the designation of a neotype for Orchestia gammarellus (Pallas 1776) and the description of three new species (Crustacea: Amphipoda: Talitridae Talitrinae)
FIGURE 2. The Scotland–Greenland Ridge (grey) a submerged remnant of an ancient land connection between Iceland and Greenland.
Data from: How the litter-feeding bioturbator Orchestia gammarellus promotes late successional salt marsh vegetation
1.Traditionally, studies on vegetation succession have focused either on plant-plant interactions, or on interactions between plants and their physical environment, e.g. through organic matter build-up and increased nutrient cycling. These interactions can change conditions for macrodetritivores that feed on plant litter, but their role in vegetation succession is rarely studied. In this paper we explore whether the bioturbating crustacean macrodetritivore Orchestia gammarellus alters soil conditions in a salt marsh ecosystem in such a way that it promotes late successional, less stress-tolerant plant species at the expense of early successional species. 2.To answer this, we performed a field and a laboratory experiment in which we manipulated abundances of O. gammarellus, and studied the consequences for soil physical and chemical parameters and for vegetation community composition. 3.Our field experiment showed that O. gammarellus stimulated nitrogen mineralization, likely resulting from the positive effect of this macrodetritivore on soil aeration and litter decomposition. Moreover, results from the laboratory experiment showed that O. gammarellus negatively affected dicot seedling survival of mainly early successional plant species, likely through grazing, thus affecting plant community composition. 4.The experiments together provided evidence that O. gammarellus promotes late successional plant species in multiple ways: by alleviation of anoxic conditions, by promoting nutrient cycling and by selective herbivory on early successional species. 5.Synthesis: By demonstrating that a species traditionally considered as part of the detrital ('brown') food web is thus an important accelerator of vegetation succession, this study documents an important but often overlooked link in food web and ecosystem ecology.
FIGURE 5 in Substrate dependent talitrid amphipods from fragmented beaches on the north coast of Crete (Crustacea, Amphipoda, Talitridae), including a redefinition of the genus Orchestia and descriptions of Orchestia xylino sp. nov. and Cryptorchestia gen. nov.
FIGURE 5. Orchestia xylino sp. nov., holotype, male, 13.1 mm, AM P.89967, all parts except, female, paratype, 10.6 mm, AM P.89969, Gournes, Heraklion, Crete, Greece. Scale lines for P5–7 represent 1.0 mm, remainder represent 0.2 mm.
FIGURE 3 in Substrate dependent talitrid amphipods from fragmented beaches on the north coast of Crete (Crustacea, Amphipoda, Talitridae), including a redefinition of the genus Orchestia and descriptions of Orchestia xylino sp. nov. and Cryptorchestia gen. nov.
FIGURE 3. Orchestia xylino sp. nov., holotype, male, 13.1 mm, AM P.89967, Gournes, Heraklion, Crete, Greece. Scale lines represent 0.1 mm, except MX1OP represents 0.05 mm.
FIGURE 1 in Substrate dependent talitrid amphipods from fragmented beaches on the north coast of Crete (Crustacea, Amphipoda, Talitridae), including a redefinition of the genus Orchestia and descriptions of Orchestia xylino sp. nov. and Cryptorchestia gen. nov.
FIGURE 1. Sampling sites. From West to East: a) Sand West; b) Banquette, mainly Posidonia; c) Mixed West; d) Sand East; e) Cobble; f) Mixed East. Pictures were taken during the summer season (July 2012) to highlight the human use of the supralittoral on the two sandy beaches and on Mixed East.
FIGURE 2 in Substrate dependent talitrid amphipods from fragmented beaches on the north coast of Crete (Crustacea, Amphipoda, Talitridae), including a redefinition of the genus Orchestia and descriptions of Orchestia xylino sp. nov. and Cryptorchestia gen. nov.
FIGURE 2. Orchestia xylino sp. nov., holotype, male, 13.1 mm, AM P.89967, habitus, A1, A2, U1–3, paratype, male, 11.4 mm, AMP.89968, UR, T, Gournes, Heraklion, Crete, Greece. Scale lines represent 0.1 mm, except UR, U1 represent 0.2 mm.
FIGURE 4 in Substrate dependent talitrid amphipods from fragmented beaches on the north coast of Crete (Crustacea, Amphipoda, Talitridae), including a redefinition of the genus Orchestia and descriptions of Orchestia xylino sp. nov. and Cryptorchestia gen. nov.
FIGURE 4. Orchestia xylino sp. nov., holotype, male, 13.1 mm, AM P.89967, all parts except, paratype, male, 11.4 mm, AM P.89968, *G1, *G2, female, paratype, 10.6 mm, AM P.89969, Gournes, Heraklion, Crete, Greece. Scale lines represent 0.2 mm.
FIGURE 10 in Re-description of Orchestia stephenseni Cecchini, 1928: designation of neotype and senior synonym to Orchestia constricta A. Costa, 1853 (Crustacea: Amphipoda: Talitridae) by Reversal of Precedence
FIGURE 10. Iconography of Orchestia mediterranea A. Costa, male, by Bulycheva (1957); PpV, peraeopod 7.
FIGURE 8. Orchestia stephenseni Cecchini, 1928 in Re-description of Orchestia stephenseni Cecchini, 1928: designation of neotype and senior synonym to Orchestia constricta A. Costa, 1853 (Crustacea: Amphipoda: Talitridae) by Reversal of Precedence
FIGURE 8. Orchestia stephenseni Cecchini, 1928. Male. Details of shapes of palm and dactylus of gnathopod 2, dactylus of peraeopod 3 and peraeopod 4, merus, carpus and propodus of gnathopod 1 and palp of maxilliped.
FIGURE 6 in Re-description of Orchestia stephenseni Cecchini, 1928: designation of neotype and senior synonym to Orchestia constricta A. Costa, 1853 (Crustacea: Amphipoda: Talitridae) by Reversal of Precedence
FIGURE 6. NJ tree constructed on the K2P model performed with 630-bp COI sequences, including sequences of the five O. stephenseni shapes, the Sicilian O. montagui and O. mediterranea samples, and sequences reference (*) from GenBank (shown with the A.N.). The values allocated to the nodes were those calculated on 1,000 bootstrap replicates.
FIGURE 7 in Re-description of Orchestia stephenseni Cecchini, 1928: designation of neotype and senior synonym to Orchestia constricta A. Costa, 1853 (Crustacea: Amphipoda: Talitridae) by Reversal of Precedence
FIGURE 7. Iconography of Orchestia stephenseni Cecchini, 1928. Male. Morphotype V. Gnathopods 2 of specimens ascribed to Morphotype I–IV are shown. Peraeopod 7 of specimens ascribed to Morphotype I is shown. See text for terminology. Scale bar = 1 mm.
FIGURE 2. The five O. stephenseni morphotypes, named Morphotype I in Re-description of Orchestia stephenseni Cecchini, 1928: designation of neotype and senior synonym to Orchestia constricta A. Costa, 1853 (Crustacea: Amphipoda: Talitridae) by Reversal of Precedence
FIGURE 2. The five O. stephenseni morphotypes, named Morphotype I to V, and corresponding to the five gnathopod 2 shapes. The body-length for each photographed individual is reported. Scale bar = 1 mm.
FIGURE 5 in Re-description of Orchestia stephenseni Cecchini, 1928: designation of neotype and senior synonym to Orchestia constricta A. Costa, 1853 (Crustacea: Amphipoda: Talitridae) by Reversal of Precedence
FIGURE 5. Linear regression between body length and number of antenna 2 flagellar articles for each Morphotype.
FIGURE 4 in Re-description of Orchestia stephenseni Cecchini, 1928: designation of neotype and senior synonym to Orchestia constricta A. Costa, 1853 (Crustacea: Amphipoda: Talitridae) by Reversal of Precedence
FIGURE 4. Frequency of Morphotypes along body-length (the length has been rounded to the nearest integer).
FIGURE 1 in Re-description of Orchestia stephenseni Cecchini, 1928: designation of neotype and senior synonym to Orchestia constricta A. Costa, 1853 (Crustacea: Amphipoda: Talitridae) by Reversal of Precedence
FIGURE 1. Sample site: banquette of Posidonia oceanica (L.) Delile, at the Stagnone of Marsala (western Sicily, southern Italy, central Mediterranean Sea).
FIGURE 3. Orchestia stephenseni Cecchini, 1928 in Re-description of Orchestia stephenseni Cecchini, 1928: designation of neotype and senior synonym to Orchestia constricta A. Costa, 1853 (Crustacea: Amphipoda: Talitridae) by Reversal of Precedence
FIGURE 3. Orchestia stephenseni Cecchini, 1928. Example of Bifid setae on peraeopods (see text). SEM (Scanning Electron Microscope) photograph.
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