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5 results for “Orchidantha”
Data From: Inflorescence and flower development in Orchidantha chinensis T. L. Wu (Lowiaceae; Zingiberales): similarities to inflorescence structure in the Strelitziaceae
<p>The monotypic Lowiaceae remains the least known family in the plant order Zingiberales, yet it holds an important key to unraveling the phylogenetic placement of the families Musaceae, Heliconiaceae, Strelitziaceae, and Lowiaceae. After nine phylogenetic studies the (Lowiaceae, Strelitziaceae) clade is the only stable clade that has emerged in this half of the order. This study was undertaken to verify the unusual inflorescence and flower structure in Orchidantha, and to search for new characters that might be used in future phylogenetic analyses. We describe both inflorescence and flower development in a previously unstudied species, confirm inflorescence morphology in the genus, and compare the structure of the inflorescence in the Lowiaceae with that of the Strelitziaceae, its potential sister group. </p> <p>The inflorescence of Orchidantha is born at the end of a vegetative shoot and is composed of two lateral branches that each bear four bracts and a single flower, before aborting. The fourth bract and its associated flower form the highly reduced flower cluster (florescence) that characterizes this genus. In technical terms Orchidantha has a polytelic synflorescence that lacks a main florescence (it has a truncated polytelic synflorescence) and bears solitary flowers in coflorescences on determinate enriching branches. The enriching branches produce a fixed number of bracts before aborting (i.e., they are special paracladia). Many of these features are shared with the Strelitziaceae.</p> <p>Similarities between the Lowiaceae and Strelitziaceae include inflorescence structure, the presence of a long prolongation of the ovary, and a delay in the formation of the third sepal during flower development, a character that is also shared with the Musaceae. Inflorescence and flower structure is now well established in this small, but important family.</p>
Data From: Inflorescence and flower development in Orchidantha chinensis T. L. Wu (Lowiaceae; Zingiberales): similarities to inflorescence structure in the Strelitziaceae
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FIGURE 1. Orchidantha yunnanensis P.Zou, C.F in Orchidantha yunnanensis (Lowiaceae), a new species from China, and notes on the identity of Orchidantha laotica
FIGURE 1. Orchidantha yunnanensis P.Zou, C.F.Xiao & Škorničk. A. Habit; B. Detail of flowers; C. Old inflorescences showing the dense branching (scale 10 cm); D. Detail of the part of the inflorescence (scale 5 cm); E. Dissection (from left): prophyll, first bract, second bract, floral bract, two lateral sepals, dorsal sepal, labellum, and the rest of the flower (peduncle, ovary and ovary extension with petals, anthers and stigma attached) (scale 5 cm); F. Detail of anthers and stigma (front and back views), two petals (back and front view), crossection and longitudinal section of ovary. All based on P. Zou, C. F. Xiao, C. J. Cui & K. Xu ZP54. (Photo by P. Zou)
FIGURE 2. Orchidantha yunnanensis P.Zou, C.F in Orchidantha yunnanensis (Lowiaceae), a new species from China, and notes on the identity of Orchidantha laotica
FIGURE 2. Orchidantha yunnanensis P.Zou, C.F.Xiao & Škorničk. A. Habit; B. Flower (side view); C. Lateral petal (ventral and dorsal view); D. Stamens and style (ventral and dorsal view); E. Ovary (longitudinal section); F. Prophyl G. Second bract; H. Floral bract; I. Lateral sepal (ventral view); J. Lateral sepal (dorsal view); K. Dorsal sepal (dorsal view); L. Labellum; M. stem with pedicel and ovary extension (side view). Scales: B (5 cm); C–E (1 cm); F–M (5 cm). All from P. Zou, C. F. Xiao, C. J. Cui & K. Xu ZP54 (IBSC) and living material of XTBG 20013005. (Drawn by Ms. Yun-Xiao Liu)
FIGURE 3. Orchidantha laotica K.Larsen. A in Orchidantha yunnanensis (Lowiaceae), a new species from China, and notes on the identity of Orchidantha laotica
FIGURE 3. Orchidantha laotica K.Larsen. A. Habit; B. Ripe open capsule (without seeds); C. Detail of flower with dorsal sepal removed; D. Flower (front view); E. Flower (side view); F. Laterals sepals, dorsal sepal and labellum (scale 1 cm); G. Detail of stigma and stamens enveloped in petals (in side and ventral views) and two petals removed (scale 5 mm); H. Stigma and anthers (petals removed) from ventral, dorsal and side view. All based on Leong-Škorničková et al. JLS-1800. (Photo by J. Leong-Škorničková)
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