Find research datasets worth reusing

FIGURE 9 in A new Stomatorhinus (Osteoglossomorpha: Mormyridae) from the Ivindo River, Gabon, West Central Africa

FIGURE 9. Waveforms and power spectra of EODs from Stomatorhinus walkeri (A – D), S. ater (E, F) and S. patrizii (G, H) on the same time scale as those shown in Fig. 5. EOD waveforms are centered about the largest headnegative peak, normalized to the same peaktopeak height and plotted with head positivity upward for each trace. Power spectra are normalized so that the peak energy is adjusted to 0 dB. Individual specimen numbers are indicated beneath waveforms; F = female, M = male.

FIGURE 8 in A new Stomatorhinus (Osteoglossomorpha: Mormyridae) from the Ivindo River, Gabon, West Central Africa

FIGURE 8. Scores from types of S. ivindoensis n. sp. and five other Stomatorhinus species on the second and third factors of a principal components analysis of the covariance matrix calculated from 24 logtransformed morphometric measures. Twelve nontype specimens of S. walkeri and one nontype of S. polli included. Variables loading most heavily on the second principal component are caudal peduncle depth, interorbital distance and internostril distance. Variables loading most heavily on the third principal component are eye diameter, postorbital head length and caudal

FIGURE 5 in A new Stomatorhinus (Osteoglossomorpha: Mormyridae) from the Ivindo River, Gabon, West Central Africa

FIGURE 5. EOD waveforms (left) and power spectra (right) for Stomatorhinus ivindoensis n. sp. The holotype of S. ivindoensis, a male, is shown in A and B. Peaks are numbered in order from P 0 to P 3. EOD waveforms are centered about the largest headnegative peak and plotted with head positivity upward. Power spectra are normalized so that the peak energy is adjusted to 0 dB. EODs of reproductive males (E, F) are longer in duration and have a lower peak power frequency than those of females (C, D). Individual specimen numbers are indicated beneath waveforms; F = female, M = male, H = holotype. Time base = 0.1 millisecond.

FIGURE 7 in A new Stomatorhinus (Osteoglossomorpha: Mormyridae) from the Ivindo River, Gabon, West Central Africa

FIGURE 7. Selected morphometric ratios of S. ivindoensis n. sp. compared to those in S. fuliginosus (A) and S. polli (B). IO = interorbital distance, HW = head width, CPD = caudal peduncle depth measured at terminus of anal fin, CPL = caudal peduncle length, E = eye diameter, HL = head length.

FIGURE 4 in A new Stomatorhinus (Osteoglossomorpha: Mormyridae) from the Ivindo River, Gabon, West Central Africa

FIGURE 4. Typical forest creek habitat of Stomatorhinus ivindoensis n. sp.: upper “ Balé Creek ” within the Ipassa Plateau Reserve near Makokou, Gabon.

FIGURE 3 in A new Stomatorhinus (Osteoglossomorpha: Mormyridae) from the Ivindo River, Gabon, West Central Africa

FIGURE 3. Collection sites of Stomatorhinus ivindoensis n. sp. (circles) and S. walkeri (triangles) in the Ivindo and Ogooué River basins of Gabon and the KouilouNiari basin of the Republic of Congo. Shaded areas delimit the boundary of the Lower Guinea ichthyofaunal province of West Central Africa.

FIGURE 2 in A new Stomatorhinus (Osteoglossomorpha: Mormyridae) from the Ivindo River, Gabon, West Central Africa

FIGURE 2. Photograph (A) and radiograph (B) of preserved holotype of Stomatorhinus ivindoensis n. sp., CU 85157, 43.8 mm SL, male; (C) live paratype specimen no. 1004, CU 75437, 40.8 mm SL, male; (D) preserved paratype, CU 85465, 52.2 mm SL, female.

FIGURE 1 in A new Stomatorhinus (Osteoglossomorpha: Mormyridae) from the Ivindo River, Gabon, West Central Africa

FIGURE 1. Drawing of Stomatorhinus ivindoensis n. sp. holotype, 43.8 mm SL. Drawn by Vera Ming Wong.

FIGURE 6 in A new Stomatorhinus (Osteoglossomorpha: Mormyridae) from the Ivindo River, Gabon, West Central Africa

FIGURE 6. Species of Stomatorhinus to which Stomatorhinus ivindoensis n. sp. is closely compared in study: (A) S. walkeri syntype BMNH 1867.5. 3.16, 85.6 mm SL; (B) S. walkeri live specimen no. 2880, CU 80237, 95 mm SL; (C) S. fuliginosus syntype MRAC 6652, 37.7 mm SL; (D) S. fuliginosus syntype MRAC 6648, 33.5 mm SL; (E) S. polli paratype MRAC 138993, 61.3 mm SL; (F) S. polli paratype MRAC 138977, 58.7 mm SL.

Figure 5 in Notes on the electric organ discharges (EODs) of four Mormyrus-species (Osteoglossomorpha: Mormyridae) from the Nilo-Sahelo-Sudan ichthyofaunal province of Africa

Figure 5. - Scatterplot of logarithmic total signal duration in µs versus logarithmic peak of fast Fourier transformation in Hz. Each symbol represents a single EOD from M. caschive (open triangle, n = 8), M. hasselquistii (open inverse triangle, n = 31), M. kannume (filled triangle, n = 3) and M. rume (filled inverse triangle, n = 7).

Figure 4 in Notes on the electric organ discharges (EODs) of four Mormyrus-species (Osteoglossomorpha: Mormyridae) from the Nilo-Sahelo-Sudan ichthyofaunal province of Africa

Figure 4. - Boxplots of selected signal characteristics. A: Total EOD duration in µs; B: Relative amplitude of main positive phase; C: Peak frequency of fast Fourier transformation in Hz.

Figure 3 in Notes on the electric organ discharges (EODs) of four Mormyrus-species (Osteoglossomorpha: Mormyridae) from the Nilo-Sahelo-Sudan ichthyofaunal province of Africa

Figure 3. - Exemplary AC coupled measurements of electric organ discharges (EODs) of Mormyrus species. A: M. caschive, 97 mm SL, White Nile at Kosti, Sudan. B: M. kannume, 169 mm SL, White Nile at Khartoum, Sudan. C: M. hasselquistii, 188 mm SL, Mare Diwouni, Pendjari National Park, Benin. D: M. rume, 230 mm SL, Ouémé at Kpoto, Benin.

Figure 2 in Notes on the electric organ discharges (EODs) of four Mormyrus-species (Osteoglossomorpha: Mormyridae) from the Nilo-Sahelo-Sudan ichthyofaunal province of Africa

Figure 2. - AC coupled measurement of electric organ discharge (EOD) of Mormyrus caschive (97 mm SL; White Nile at Kosti, Sudan) showing nomenclature of waveform characteristics as used in this study. m-POS = main positive phase; m-NEG = main negative phase; p-POS = posterior positive phase. Beginning and end of the signal is given by exceeding 1.5% of the total amplitude; beginning and end of phases within the signal by zero-crossings.

Figure 1 in Notes on the electric organ discharges (EODs) of four Mormyrus-species (Osteoglossomorpha: Mormyridae) from the Nilo-Sahelo-Sudan ichthyofaunal province of Africa

Figure 1. - Outline of the African continent showing sampling sites of the study. Only sampled river systems are displayed.

Figure 32. Dorsal gill arches. A in Comparative osteology and phylogenetic systematics of fossil and living bony-tongue fishes (Actinopterygii, Teleostei, Osteoglossomorpha)

Figure 32. Dorsal gill arches. A, Hiodon alosoides (UMA F10597, 62 mm SL). B, Xenomystus nigri (FMNH 69494, approx. 90 mm SL). C, Myomyrus macrodon (MCZ 50218, 102 mm SL). D, Osteoglossum bicirrhosum (UMA F10336, approx. 55 mm SL); iph1 of the left side is missing from this specimen and is indicated by dashed line. E, Pantodon buchholzi (FMNH 63752, 74 mm SL); iph2 of right side is abnormally small. F, Arapaima gigas (UMA F11261, 145 mm SL); gill rakers omitted from the left side. All in ventral (= oral) view except Hiodon, which is in dorsal view. Cartilage shown in black. Anterior facing left. Illustration of Hiodon modified from Hilton (2002: fig. 56).

Figure 41 in Comparative osteology and phylogenetic systematics of fossil and living bony-tongue fishes (Actinopterygii, Teleostei, Osteoglossomorpha)

Figure 41. Semi-schematic illustrations of right opercles in medial view (except C, which is left opercle in lateral view). A, Elops (UMA F10255; 425 mm SL). B, Hiodon (UMA F10177; 267 mm SL). C, †Lycoptera (Modified from Jin et al., 1995: fig. 6). D, Arapaima (UMA F11263; est. 1270 mm SL). E, Pantodon (UMA F11264; 70 mm SL). F, Xenomystus (FMNH 69494; approx. 90 mm SL). G, Scleropages (UMA F11266, approx. 320 mm SL). H, Osteoglossum (UMA F10160, 365 mm SL). I, Gnathonemus (UMA F11267, approx. 140 mm SL). Anterior facing left.

Figure 38. Caudal skeleton. A in Comparative osteology and phylogenetic systematics of fossil and living bony-tongue fishes (Actinopterygii, Teleostei, Osteoglossomorpha)

Figure 38. Caudal skeleton. A, †Phareodus testis (UMA F11332, 260 mm SL). B, Osteoglossum bicirrhosum (FMNH 109232a, 270 mm SL). C, Pantodon buchholzi (FMNH 63752, 62 mm SL). D, Heterotis niloticus (UMA F10653, 75 mm SL). Anterior facing left.

Figure 31 in Comparative osteology and phylogenetic systematics of fossil and living bony-tongue fishes (Actinopterygii, Teleostei, Osteoglossomorpha)

Figure 31. Ventral elements of the gill arches and basihyal of mormyrids. A, Petrocephalus simus (MCZ 50113, 55 mm SL). B, Campylomormyrus tamandua (FMNH 55300B, 84 mm SL). C, basibranchial toothplate, basibranchial 1 and urohyal of C. rhynchophorus (MCZ 50166, 97 mm SL). A & B shown in dorsal and ventral views; C shown in lateral view. Arrow in A & B indicates the position at which the hypohyals and ceratohyals meet the basihyal/basibranchial skeleton. Cartilage shown in black. Anterior facing left.

Figure 23 in Comparative osteology and phylogenetic systematics of fossil and living bony-tongue fishes (Actinopterygii, Teleostei, Osteoglossomorpha)

Figure 23. Suspensorium and opercular bones in lateral view. A, Chitala chitala (UMA F10349, 437 mm SL). B, Osteoglossum bicirrhosum (UMA F10160, 365 mm SL). Note the groove-like opening in the ventral portion of the preopercular sensory canal. Also notice that in Chitala there is are no distinct horizontal and vertical limbs of the preopercle (see Discussion in Characters Not Used in Analysis). The element labelled 'dpl + ecp' has been suggested in the past to be a fusion of the dermopalatine and the ectopterygoid, although no ontogenetic evidence supports this (see Character 30). Anterior facing left.

Figure 18 in Comparative osteology and phylogenetic systematics of fossil and living bony-tongue fishes (Actinopterygii, Teleostei, Osteoglossomorpha)

Figure 18. Occipital region in ventral view. A, Elops saurus (UMA F10255, 425 mm SL). B, Hiodon alosoides (UMA F10581, 315 mm SL). C, Osteoglossum bicirrhosum (UMA F10160, 365 mm SL). D, Arapaima gigas (UMA F10355, est. 1500 + mm TL). E, Gnathonemus petersii (UMA F11267, approx. 140 mm SL). F, Chitala chitala (UMA F10349, 437 mm SL). G, Pantodon buchholzi (UMA F11265, approx. 50 mm SL). Anterior facing left.