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23 results for “Otomys”
On following pages: 385. Yalden's Vlei Rat (Otomys yaldeni); 386. Burton's Vlei Rat (Otomys burton); 387. Western Vlei Rat (Otomys occidentalis); 388. Barbour's Vlei Rat (Otomys barbouri); 389. Rwenzori Vlei Rat (Otomys dartmouthi): 390. Dent's Vlei Rat (Otomys denti); 391. Dolliman's Vlei Rat (Otomys dollmani); 392. Mount Elgon Vlei Rat (Otomys jacksoni); 393. Afroalpine Vlei Rat (Otomys orestes); 394. Thomas's Vlei Rat (Otomys thomas); 395. EastAfrican Vlei Rat (Otomys tropicalis); 396. Tanzanian Vlei Rat (Otomys lacustris); 397. Eastern Arc Vlei Rat (Otomys sungae); 398. Udzungwa Vlei Rat (Otomys uzungwensis); 399. MountKilimanjaro Vlei Rat (Otomys zinki): 400. Angolan Vlei Rat (Otomys anchietae); 401. Cuanza Vlei Rat (Otomys cuanzensis); 402. Angoni Vlei Rat (Otomys angoniensis); 403. South East African Vlei Rat (Otomys auratus); 404. Southern African Vlei Rat (Otomys irroratus): 405. Fynbos Vlei Rat (Otomys karoensis); 406. KwaZulu Natal Vlei Rat (Otomys laminatus); 407. Sloggett's Vlei Rat (Otomys sloggett)); 408. Karoo Vlei Rat (Otomys unisulcatus); 409. Brants's Whistling Rat (Parotomys brantsii); 410. Littledale's Whistling Rat (Parotomyslittledale). in Muridae
On following pages: 385. Yalden's Vlei Rat (Otomys yaldeni); 386. Burton's Vlei Rat (Otomys burton); 387. Western Vlei Rat (Otomys occidentalis); 388. Barbour's Vlei Rat (Otomys barbouri); 389. Rwenzori Vlei Rat (Otomys dartmouthi): 390. Dent's Vlei Rat (Otomys denti); 391. Dolliman's Vlei Rat (Otomys dollmani); 392. Mount Elgon Vlei Rat (Otomys jacksoni); 393. Afroalpine Vlei Rat (Otomys orestes); 394. Thomas's Vlei Rat (Otomys thomas); 395. EastAfrican Vlei Rat (Otomys tropicalis); 396. Tanzanian Vlei Rat (Otomys lacustris); 397. Eastern Arc Vlei Rat (Otomys sungae); 398. Udzungwa Vlei Rat (Otomys uzungwensis); 399. MountKilimanjaro Vlei Rat (Otomys zinki): 400. Angolan Vlei Rat (Otomys anchietae); 401. Cuanza Vlei Rat (Otomys cuanzensis); 402. Angoni Vlei Rat (Otomys angoniensis); 403. South East African Vlei Rat (Otomys auratus); 404. Southern African Vlei Rat (Otomys irroratus): 405. Fynbos Vlei Rat (Otomys karoensis); 406. KwaZulu Natal Vlei Rat (Otomys laminatus); 407. Sloggett's Vlei Rat (Otomys sloggett)); 408. Karoo Vlei Rat (Otomys unisulcatus); 409. Brants's Whistling Rat (Parotomys brantsii); 410. Littledale's Whistling Rat (Parotomyslittledale).
Otomys orestes previously was included in O. wrroratus or O. typus but later shown to be a distinct species. Monotypic. Distribution. Mt Kenya and Aberdare Range, C Kenya. Descriptive notes. Head-body 135-175 mm, tail 61-93 mm, ear 21-25 mm, hindfoot 25-30 mm. No specific data are available for body weight. The Afroalpine Vlei Rat is large and robust, with large blunt head, short tail, and shaggy fur. Fur is tawny brown above, with distinctive creamy buff post-auricular patches, and dark gray below. Tail is short (c.46% of head-body length). Upper and lower incisors each have single deep groove, and additional faint groove is present on lower incisors. M, has fourlaminae, and M" has seven or occasionally six laminae. in Muridae
Otomys orestes previously was included in O. wrroratus or O. typus but later shown to be a distinct species. Monotypic. Distribution. Mt Kenya and Aberdare Range, C Kenya. Descriptive notes. Head-body 135-175 mm, tail 61-93 mm, ear 21-25 mm, hindfoot 25-30 mm. No specific data are available for body weight. The Afroalpine Vlei Rat is large and robust, with large blunt head, short tail, and shaggy fur. Fur is tawny brown above, with distinctive creamy buff post-auricular patches, and dark gray below. Tail is short (c.46% of head-body length). Upper and lower incisors each have single deep groove, and additional faint groove is present on lower incisors. M, has fourlaminae, and M" has seven or occasionally six laminae.
Otomys cheesmani previously was included in O.typus but shown to be a distinct spe-cies based on morphological and molecular grounds. Monotypic. Distribution. Restricted to two known lo-calities in NW Ethiopia, S ofLake Tana. Descriptive notes. Head-body 165-210 mm, tail 77-106 mm, ear 22-24 mm, hindfoot 28-31 mm. No specific data are available for body weight. Cheesman's Vlei Rat has shaggy dark pelage and is larger than all other species of Otomys, except the Angolan Vlei Rat (O. anchietae). Fur of Cheesman's Vlei Rat is bright brown, with reddish shade above and pale yellowish gray below. Ears are blackish, and inner surfaces are covered with short rufous hairs. Forefeet and hindfeet are dark gray above. Tail is relatively short (49-3% of head-body length), blackish above and pale yellowish below but notappearing distinctly bicolored. Lower incisors with two deep grooves. M, has four laminae, and M" has eight or nine laminae. in Muridae
Otomys cheesmani previously was included in O.typus but shown to be a distinct spe-cies based on morphological and molecular grounds. Monotypic. Distribution. Restricted to two known lo-calities in NW Ethiopia, S ofLake Tana. Descriptive notes. Head-body 165-210 mm, tail 77-106 mm, ear 22-24 mm, hindfoot 28-31 mm. No specific data are available for body weight. Cheesman's Vlei Rat has shaggy dark pelage and is larger than all other species of Otomys, except the Angolan Vlei Rat (O. anchietae). Fur of Cheesman's Vlei Rat is bright brown, with reddish shade above and pale yellowish gray below. Ears are blackish, and inner surfaces are covered with short rufous hairs. Forefeet and hindfeet are dark gray above. Tail is relatively short (49-3% of head-body length), blackish above and pale yellowish below but notappearing distinctly bicolored. Lower incisors with two deep grooves. M, has four laminae, and M" has eight or nine laminae.
FIGURE 5 in Specific limits and emerging diversity patterns in East African populations of laminate-toothed rats, genus Otomys (Muridae: Murinae: Otomyini): Revision of the Otomys typus complex 3024
FIGURE 5. Principal components analysis (PCA) based on nine craniometric variables indicating scatter of individuals on PC1 and PC2 (a) and PC2 and PC3 (b) from six pre-defined taxon-groups of Ethiopian Otomys in relation to existing type specimens of fortior and degeni and new holotypes designated for new species (see Taxonomic Summary). Open squares = O. typus s.s., open triangles = O. fortior; open diamonds = O. yaldeni sp. nov. (= Sp. A); closed squares = O. helleri (= Sp. B); open circles = O. cheesmani sp. nov. (= Sp.C); closed diamonds = O. simiensis sp. nov. (= Sp. D); cross = degeni. Type specimens indicated; normal font indicates existing holotypes; bold font represents newly designated holotypes (see Taxonomic Summary).
FIGURE 16. Photographs a in Specific limits and emerging diversity patterns in East African populations of laminate-toothed rats, genus Otomys (Muridae: Murinae: Otomyini): Revision of the Otomys typus complex 3024
FIGURE 16. Photographs a) comparing pairs of study skins from three populations in the Aberdares: O. tropicalis (from midaltitudes, two skins on left, and summit, two skins in middle) and O. orestes (two skins on right); and (b) comparing O. thomasi (left) with series of O. orestes (right). Apparent differences in size are not due to over-stuffing of specimens but more or less indicative of real size difference as can be verified from inspection of means of head and body length of relevant taxa in Table 9
FIGURE 3a. Bayesian phylogeny inferred from cyt b in Specific limits and emerging diversity patterns in East African populations of laminate-toothed rats, genus Otomys (Muridae: Murinae: Otomyini): Revision of the Otomys typus complex 3024
FIGURE 3a. Bayesian phylogeny inferred from cyt b sequences partitioned by codon position for 34 East African specimens of O. typus s.l. and O. tropicalis s.l. in relation to representatives of seven Otomys species and Parotomys brantsii from eastern, western and southern Africa. Representatives of nine murine taxa served as outgroups (see Appendix 1). Nodal support indices for the main clades (annotated 1 to 8) and subclades (a, b, c, d and e), as well as supported deeper nodes (A, H, I, M, N, O) are given beside the phylogram in the following order: Bayesian posterior probabilities (BPP)/ bootstrap support from 1000 replicates for maximum likelihood (MLbs), under an unpartitioned GTR+I+G model/ unweighted parsimony (UwPbs), six-parameter-weighted parsimony partitioned by codon positions (6PPbs)/ neighbour-joining using uncorrected p-distances (Njpbs)/ neighbour-joining using GTR+I+G-corrected distances (Njcbs). Estimated divergence dates (Myr) for the major lineages identified in the cyt b phylogeny are indicated to the left of each node. Bayesian estimation of divergence times was conducted under a relaxed clock model using BEAST v.1.4. Four well established murine fossil calibration points were specified (Pocock 1987; Rowe et al. 2008, see text).
FIGURE 9 in Specific limits and emerging diversity patterns in East African populations of laminate-toothed rats, genus Otomys (Muridae: Murinae: Otomyini): Revision of the Otomys typus complex 3024
FIGURE 9. RWA of lateral landmarks showing variation in samples from the Aberdares Range of Kenya, between O. orestes (closed squares), O. tropicalis (closed triangles) and the population from the Aberdares summit having 5 laminae in m1 (closed circles). Topotypic specimens of thomasi from Molo in the Guas Ngishu Plateau indicated by open circles; RMCA specimens R28198 and R28205 representing divergent cyt b lineages indicated. Position of type specimen indicated by "T".
FIGURE 2 in Specific limits and emerging diversity patterns in East African populations of laminate-toothed rats, genus Otomys (Muridae: Murinae: Otomyini): Revision of the Otomys typus complex 3024
FIGURE 2. Giemsa stained karyotypes of (a) Otomys helleri (= "Sp. B"; n=6), O. fortior (n=6) and O.typus s.s. (n=1) (2n=58, NFa=58), (b) Otomys yaldeni sp. nov. (= "Sp. A"; n=1; 2n=56, NFa=54), and (c) Otomys simiensis sp. nov. (= "Sp. D"; n=4; 2n=54, NFa=54).
FIGURE 4 in Specific limits and emerging diversity patterns in East African populations of laminate-toothed rats, genus Otomys (Muridae: Murinae: Otomyini): Revision of the Otomys typus complex 3024
FIGURE 4. Principal component analysis (PCA) of nine linear craniometric variables (a) and relative warps analysis (RWA) of dorsal landmarks (b) showing dispersion of relative age classes in one population of O. tropicalis from Tora, Burundi.
FIGURE 1 in Specific limits and emerging diversity patterns in East African populations of laminate-toothed rats, genus Otomys (Muridae: Murinae: Otomyini): Revision of the Otomys typus complex 3024
FIGURE 1. Map of east African montane and alpine zones showing distribution of type localities (large, open labeled squares) of forms previously attributed to (a) Otomys typus s. l. and (b) O. tropicalis s. l. Closed squares represent Museum cranial material examined. Circles enclosed localities assigned to OTU's for this study (in Ethiopia these represent hypothesized taxa based on cytogenetic, molecular and morphological data); numbers indicate OTU numbers in Table 1. Arrows indicate localities from which cytochrome-b sequences were available for this study. The asterisk indicates material from a specimen of uncertain identity assigned to cf. sungae.
FIGURE 3b. Maximum likelihood phylogram constructed from combined cyt b and 12S rRNA sequences for 20 in Specific limits and emerging diversity patterns in East African populations of laminate-toothed rats, genus Otomys (Muridae: Murinae: Otomyini): Revision of the Otomys typus complex 3024
FIGURE 3b. Maximum likelihood phylogram constructed from combined cyt b and 12S rRNA sequences for 20 Otomys specimens, one representative of Parotomys brantsii and four murine outgroups under the best-fit GTR+I+G model. Support indices for each node (1 – 23) are given beside the phylogram (BPP/ MLbs/ UwPbs/ 6PPbs/ NJpbs/ Njcbs). For both phylogenies (Figure 3a and 3b), the relative branch thickness indicates significant nodal support from the phylogenetic reconstruction methods employed herein (four to six methods—thick lines; two methods—intermediate lines). Dashed lines show unsupported relationships; Abbreviations and symbols: NS - BPP <0.95; "-" indicates that the node was not present in the relevant analysis, or percentage bootstrap support below 50%.
FIGURE 7 in Specific limits and emerging diversity patterns in East African populations of laminate-toothed rats, genus Otomys (Muridae: Murinae: Otomyini): Revision of the Otomys typus complex 3024
FIGURE 7. Relative warps analysis (RW) of 14 dorsal landmarks from 12 Ethiopian individuals assigned to O. typus s.s. from Simien Mts ("t"), O. helleri (= Sp. B: "b"; Dinsho and Arussi Plateau) and O. fortior ("ft*"; type specimen from Charada Forest).
FIGURE 6 in Specific limits and emerging diversity patterns in East African populations of laminate-toothed rats, genus Otomys (Muridae: Murinae: Otomyini): Revision of the Otomys typus complex 3024
FIGURE 6. Canonical variates analysis (plot of first two canonical variates) of six defined taxon-groups of Ethiopian Otomys based on nine craniometric variables. Position of individuals form "unknown" sample from Oromiya, Jimma (asterisks) predicted a posteriori. Open squares = O. typus s.s. (Mt Guna); Closed squares = O. fortior; open circles = O. helleri (= "Sp. B"); closed circles = O. yaldeni sp. nov. (= "Sp. A"); open triangles = O. cheesmani sp. nov. (= "Sp. C"); closed triangles = O. simiensis sp. nov. (= "Sp. D").
FIGURE 12 in Specific limits and emerging diversity patterns in East African populations of laminate-toothed rats, genus Otomys (Muridae: Murinae: Otomyini): Revision of the Otomys typus complex 3024
FIGURE 12. CVA (a) of linear variables showing craniometric separation between regional groups of specimens assigned to typus s.l. and phenogram (b) based on Mahalanobis distances between OTUs. Numbers represent OTU numbers in Table 2.
FIGURE 15 in Specific limits and emerging diversity patterns in East African populations of laminate-toothed rats, genus Otomys (Muridae: Murinae: Otomyini): Revision of the Otomys typus complex 3024
FIGURE 15. PCA summarizing variation in altitude and eight bioclimatic variables in localities of O. typus s.l. (48 localities). Asterisks denote type localities. Symbols of localities assigned to revised taxa given in lower case as follows: "ty" = typus s.s. (Ethiopia: Simien Mts, Mt Guna); "a" = yaldeni: Sp. A (Ethiopia: Bale Mts); "ft" = fortior (Ethiopia: Charada (type locality), Beletta and Sheka Forests); "b" = helleri: Sp B (Ethiopia: Bale Mts, Arussi Plateau); "c" = cheesmani: Sp. C (Ethiopia: Dangila – Debra Marcos); "d" = dartmouthi (Ruwenzori Range); "j" = jacksoni (Mt Elgon); "o" = orestes (Kenya: Aberdares and Mt Kenya); "th" = thomasi (Kenya: Uasin Gisho Plateau); "u" = uzungwensis (Malawi: Nyika Plateau and Tanzania: Southern Rift and Eastern Arc); "z" = zinki (Mt Kilimanjaro). Symbols of localities from Ethiopia, which could not be unambiguously assigned to revised taxa are labelled in upper case as follows: AN = Ankober; BK = Bongke; CH = Chenca; CL = Chilalo (type locality of helleri); H = Hirna; M = Malka (type locality of malkensis); JM = Oromiya, Jimma.
FIGURE 14 in Specific limits and emerging diversity patterns in East African populations of laminate-toothed rats, genus Otomys (Muridae: Murinae: Otomyini): Revision of the Otomys typus complex 3024
FIGURE 14. Relative warps analysis of lateral landmarks showing craniometric separation between regional groups of specimens from alpine habitats assigned to typus s.l. Closed squares = orestes; closed circles = Aberdare summit; closed triangles = dartmouthi, closed diamonds = typus s.1. (Ethiopia); open squares = jacksoni; open circles = thomasi; open triangles = uzungwensis; open diamonds = zinki.
FIGURE 13 in Specific limits and emerging diversity patterns in East African populations of laminate-toothed rats, genus Otomys (Muridae: Murinae: Otomyini): Revision of the Otomys typus complex 3024
FIGURE 13. Relative warps analysis of dorsal landmarks showing craniometric separation between regional groups of specimens from alpine habitats assigned to typus s.l. Closed squares = orestes; closed circles = Aberdare summit; closed triangles = dartmouthi, closed diamonds = typus s.1. (Ethiopia); open squares = jacksoni; open circles = thomasi; open triangles = uzungwensis; open diamonds = zinki.
FIGURE 17 in Specific limits and emerging diversity patterns in East African populations of laminate-toothed rats, genus Otomys (Muridae: Murinae: Otomyini): Revision of the Otomys typus complex 3024
FIGURE 17(d–f). Photographs comparing dorsal, ventral and lateral views of the skulls of holotype of O. simiensis (ZMMU 178757).
FIGURE 10 in Specific limits and emerging diversity patterns in East African populations of laminate-toothed rats, genus Otomys (Muridae: Murinae: Otomyini): Revision of the Otomys typus complex 3024
FIGURE 10. PCA (a) and CVA (b) of linear variables showing craniometric separation between the population from Aberdares summit (closed squares) and other eastern African species sharing five laminae in m1 (O. barbouri, closed triangles, and O. lacustris, closed circles). Positition of type specimens indicated by "T".
FIGURE 8 in Specific limits and emerging diversity patterns in East African populations of laminate-toothed rats, genus Otomys (Muridae: Murinae: Otomyini): Revision of the Otomys typus complex 3024
FIGURE 8. PCA of nine linear variables comparing O. orestes (closed squares) with: (a) East African populations of O. tropicalis from Aberdares (closed and open circles representing samples with 4 and 5 laminae in lower M1 respectively), Mt Elgon (open triangles) and Mt Kenya (open diamond) and (b) topotypic specimens of O. thomasi (open circles) from Molo in the Guas Ngishu Plateau. Position of type specimens of O. tropicalis (open diamond), O. orestes (closed square), percivali (asterisk), malleus (X) and squalus (cross) indicated by "T". RMCA specimens R28198 and R28205 representing divergent cyt b lineages indicated.
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