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28 results for “Parapolycope”
Data from: The mating behaviour of the seed shrimp Parapolycope spiralis (Ostracoda: Cladocopina), with insight into the evolution of mating systems in cryptic interstitial habitats
The mating behaviour of the interstitial ostracod Parapolycope spiralis Tanaka & Tsukagoshi, 2010 is reported here for the first time. This species is adapted to an interstitial environment, and is typified by having tiny body size and being completely blind. In this paper it is presumed that the characteristics of the mating behaviour are typical for species in an interstitial environment. Observations by microscopy on mating behaviour in the laboratory showed various distinct stages: (1) the male captures the female by a sucker on the antennula; (2) the male clasps and maintains the mating position using the endopodite, the endopodite claw, and the exopodite of the antenna; (3) the male makes contact using the distal part of the upper lip; and (4) copulation takes place. These observations indicate that the sequence of stages of the mating behaviour of miniaturized animals is not necessarily always a simplified process. During the process, it seems that the male upper lip establishes physical contact stimuli with the female. Because the interstitial environment is cryptic and consists of a three-dimensional space with reduced connectivity, direct physical contact is likely to be one of the most effective and successful courtship behaviours.
FIGURE 14 in Two new interstitial species of the genus Parapolycope (Crustacea: Ostracoda) from central Japan
FIGURE 14. Parapolycope spiralis sp. nov. male. A, paratype (SUM-CO-1868); B, holotype (SUM-CO-1781). A, Right lateral view of posterior trunk segment, furca, and copulatory organ mounted in glycerin; B, Left lateral view of same parts mounted in the gum-chloral medium 'Neo-Shigaral'. Scale: 0.05 mm.
FIGURE 13 in Two new interstitial species of the genus Parapolycope (Crustacea: Ostracoda) from central Japan
FIGURE 13. Parapolycope spiralis sp. nov. A, holotype (SUM-CO-1781); B, paratype (SUM-CO-1789). A, Left lateral view of posterior trunk segment, furca, and copulatory organ of male; B, Right lateral view of posterior trunk segment, furca and copulatory organ of female. Abbreviations: cd, copulatory duct; lp, long projection; fs, female spermatheca. Scale: 0.05 mm.
FIGURE 8 in Two new interstitial species of the genus Parapolycope (Crustacea: Ostracoda) from central Japan
FIGURE 8. Parapolycope spiralis sp. nov. A and B, holotype (SUM-CO-1781); C and D, paratype (SUM-CO-1782); E, paratype (SUM-CO-1783); F and G, paratype (SUM-CO-1784); H, paratype (SUM-CO-1785); I, paratype (SUM-CO- 1786); J, paratype (SUM-CO-1787). A, Right external lateral view of male valve; B, Left external lateral view of male valve; C, Internal lateral view of male left valve; D, Internal lateral view of male right valve; E, Dorsal view of male carapace; F, Right external lateral view of female valve; G, Left external lateral view of female valve; H, Internal lateral view of female left valve; I, Internal lateral view of female right valve; J, Dorsal view of female carapace. Scale: 0.1 mm.
FIGURE 10 in Two new interstitial species of the genus Parapolycope (Crustacea: Ostracoda) from central Japan
FIGURE 10. Parapolycope spiralis sp. nov. A and B, paratype (SUM-CO-1794). A, Interior lateral view of male left valve; B, Interior lateral view of male right valve. Arrows indicate anterior. Scale: 0.1 mm.
FIGURE 9 in Two new interstitial species of the genus Parapolycope (Crustacea: Ostracoda) from central Japan
FIGURE 9. Internal lateral views of valve in Parapolycope spiralis sp. nov. A–D, paratype (SUM-CO-1782) of male right valve; E–I, paratype (SUM-CO-1782) of male left valve. A, Anterior marginal infold; B, Socket structure of dorsal end in hinge structure; C, Median element of hinge structure; D, Posteroventral gain of marginal infold; E, Anterior marginal infold; F, Knob structure of dorsal end in hinge structure; G, Median element of hinge structure; H, Posteroventral bar of hinge structure; I, Anteroventral marginal infold.
FIGURE 7 in Two new interstitial species of the genus Parapolycope (Crustacea: Ostracoda) from central Japan
FIGURE 7. Parapolycope oligohalina sp. nov. A, holotype (SUM-CO-1765); B. paratype (SUM-CO-1774). A, Left lateral view of posterior trunk segments, furca and copulatory organ of male; B, Right lateral view of posterior trunk segments and furca of female. Abbreviations: cd, copulatory duct. Scale: 0.05 mm.
FIGURE 6 in Two new interstitial species of the genus Parapolycope (Crustacea: Ostracoda) from central Japan
FIGURE 6. Parapolycope oligohalina sp. nov. A–E, holotype (SUM-CO-1765). A, Mandibula of male except coxal endite; B, Mandibular coxa of male; C, Maxillula of male; D, Fifth limb of male; E, Distal part of fifth limb epipodite of male, showing distal-most setae. Abbreviations: ba, basis; cx, coxa; en, endopodite; ep, epipodite; ex, exopodite. Scale: 0.05 mm.
FIGURE 3 in Two new interstitial species of the genus Parapolycope (Crustacea: Ostracoda) from central Japan
FIGURE 3. Internal lateral views of valve in Parapolycope oligohalina sp. nov. A–D, paratype (SUM-CO-1768) of male right valve; E–H, paratype (SUM-CO-1768) of male left valve. A, Anterior ridgeline and wide groove of marginal infold; B, Anteroventral gain of marginal infold; C, Posterior element of hinge structure; D, Socket structure of dorsal end in hinge structure; E, Anterior thin groove of marginal infold; F, Knob structure of dorsal end; G, Median element of hinge structure; H, Posterior element of hinge structure.
FIGURE 5 in Two new interstitial species of the genus Parapolycope (Crustacea: Ostracoda) from central Japan
FIGURE 5. Parapolycope oligohalina sp. nov. A, C, E, and F; holotype (SUM-CO-1765): B, D, and G; paratype (SUM- CO-1774). A, Left lateral view of male upper lip; B, Left lateral view of female upper lip; C, Antennula of male; D, Antennula of female; E, Antenna of male; F, Endopodite of antenna of male; G, Antenna of female except the exopodite. Scale: 0.05 mm.
FIGURE 1 in Two new interstitial species of the genus Parapolycope (Crustacea: Ostracoda) from central Japan
FIGURE 1. Map showing the location of the study area. A, Map of Shizuoka Prefecture in Japan; B, The type locality of Parapolycope spiralis sp. nov. C, The type locality of Parapolycope oligohalina sp. nov.
FIGURE 2 in Two new interstitial species of the genus Parapolycope (Crustacea: Ostracoda) from central Japan
FIGURE 2. Parapolycope oligohalina sp. nov. A, paratype (SUM-CO-1766); B, paratype (SUM-CO-1767); C and D, paratype (SUM-CO-1768); E, paratype (SUM-CO-1769); F, paratype (SUM-CO-1770); G, paratype (SUM-CO-1771); H and I, paratype (SUM-CO-1772); J, paratype (SUM-CO-1773). A, Right external lateral view of male carapace; B, Left external lateral view of male carapace; C, Internal lateral view of male left valve; D, Internal lateral view of male right valve; E, Dorsal view of male carapace; F, Right external lateral view of female carapace; G, Left external lateral view of female carapace; H, Internal lateral view of female left valve; I, Internal lateral view of female right valve; J, Dorsal view of female carapace. Scale: 0.05 mm.
FIGURE 11 in Two new interstitial species of the genus Parapolycope (Crustacea: Ostracoda) from central Japan
FIGURE 11. Parapolycope spiralis sp. nov. A, C, D, F, and G; holotype (SUM-CO-1781): B, E, and H; paratype (SUM- CO-1788). A, Left lateral view of male upper lip; B, Left lateral view of female upper lip; C, Antennula of male; D, Third podomere with setae of antennula of male; E, Antennula of female; F, Antenna of male; G, Endopodite of antenna of male; H, Antenna of female except for exopodite. Scale: 0.05 mm.
FIGURE 4 in Two new interstitial species of the genus Parapolycope (Crustacea: Ostracoda) from central Japan
FIGURE 4. Parapolycope oligohalina sp. nov. A and B, holotype (SUM-CO-1765). A, Interior lateral view of male left valve; B, Interior lateral view of male right valve. Arrows indicate anterior. Scale: 0.1 mm.
FIGURE 12 in Two new interstitial species of the genus Parapolycope (Crustacea: Ostracoda) from central Japan
FIGURE 12. Parapolycope spiralis sp. nov. A–D, holotype (SUM-CO-1781). A, Mandibular palp of male; B, Mandibular coxa of male; C, Maxillula of male; D, Fifth limb of male. Abbreviations: ba, basis; cx, coxa; en, endopodite; ep, epipodite; ex, exopodite. Scale: 0.05 mm.
Figure 10 in The taxonomic utility of the male upper lip morphology in the ostracod genus Parapolycope (Crustacea), with descriptions of two new species
Figure 10. Parapolycope uncata sp. nov., male holotype (SUM-CO-2079). (A) Internal lateral view of left valve; (B) internal lateral view of right valve.
Figure 2 in The taxonomic utility of the male upper lip morphology in the ostracod genus Parapolycope (Crustacea), with descriptions of two new species
Figure 2. Scanning electron micrographs of valves of Parapolycope psittacina sp. nov., male paratype (SUM-CO-2067) (A, B); male paratype (SUM-CO-2068) (C, D); male paratype (SUM- CO-2069) (E); female paratype (SUM-CO-2073) (F, G); female paratype (SUM-CO-2074) (H, I); female paratype (SUM-CO-2075) (J). (A) External lateral view of right valve; (B) external lateral view of left valve; (C) internal lateral view of left valve; (D) internal lateral view of right valve; (E) dorsal view of carapace; (F) external lateral view of right valve; (G) external lateral view of left valve; (H) internal lateral view of left valve; (I) internal lateral view of right valve; (J) dorsal view of carapace.
Figure 4 in The taxonomic utility of the male upper lip morphology in the ostracod genus Parapolycope (Crustacea), with descriptions of two new species
Figure 4. Parapolycope psittacina sp. nov., male holotype (SUM-CO-2066). (A) Internal lateral view of left valve; (B) internal lateral view of right valve.
Figure 1 in The taxonomic utility of the male upper lip morphology in the ostracod genus Parapolycope (Crustacea), with descriptions of two new species
Figure 1. Map showing the distribution of Parapolycope psittacina sp. nov. and Parapolycope uncata sp. nov. See Table 1 for locality details.
Figure 13 in The taxonomic utility of the male upper lip morphology in the ostracod genus Parapolycope (Crustacea), with descriptions of two new species
Figure 13. Parapolycope uncata sp. nov., male holotype (SUM-CO-2079) (A); female paratype (SUM-CO-2087) (B). (A) Left lateral view of posterior trunk segment, furca, and copulatory organ of male; (A′) left furca; (A′′) right furca; (B) left lateral view of posterior trunk segment, furca and copulatory organ of female; (B′) left furca; (B′′) right furca. Abbreviations: cd, copulatory duct; fp, furcal projection; fs, female spermatheca.
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