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6 results for “Parasite-driven”
Data from: Parasite-driven cascades or hydra effects: susceptibility and foraging depression shape parasite-host-resource interactions
<p>This contains data for the manuscript listed in the title.<br><br>We measured the foraging rates of individual zooplankton hosts, <em>Daphnia dentifera</em>, on phytoplankton resources, <em>Ankistrodesmus falcatus</em>, in the presence of fungal parasites of zooplankton, <em>Metschnikowia bicuspidata</em>. Some of these data are previously published (Genotypes12_foraging.csv by Strauss, Alexander T., et al. "Genotypic variation in parasite avoidance behaviour and other mechanistic, nonlinear components of transmission." <em>Proceedings of the Royal Society B</em> 286.1915 (2019): 20192164.) and some are published now for the first time (Genotype3_foraging.csv).<br><br>In addition, we present novel evidence from a mesocosm experiment (Mesocosm_data1.csv-Mesocosm_data20.csv) of populations of each genotype or each pair of genotypes with phytoplankton resources and fungal parasites present or absent; our last treatment was low or high nutrient supply for the phytoplankton. With data on infection prevalence, host density, and phytoplankton density, we show how host traits and nutrients control outcomes for prevalence, host density, and phytoplankton density.<br><br>These data may be reused with appropriate citation.</p>
Data from: Parasite-driven cascades or hydra effects: susceptibility and foraging depression shape parasite-host-resource interactions
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Data from: Genomic signatures of parasite-driven natural selection in north European Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar)
Understanding the genomic basis of host-parasite adaptation is important for predicting the long-term viability of species and developing successful management practices. However, in wild populations, identifying specific signatures of parasite-driven selection often presents a challenge, as it is difficult to unravel the molecular signatures of selection driven by different, but correlated, environmental factors. Furthermore, separating parasite-mediated selection from similar signatures due to genetic drift and population history can also be difficult. Populations of Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar L.) from northern Europe have pronounced differences in their reactions to the parasitic flatworm Gyrodactylus salaris Malmberg 1957 and are therefore a good model to search for specific genomic regions underlying inter-population differences in pathogen response. We used a dense Atlantic salmon SNP array, along with extensive sampling of 43 salmon populations representing the two G. salaris response extremes (extreme susceptibility vs resistant), to screen the salmon genome for signatures of directional selection while attempting to separate the parasite effect from other factors. After combining the results from two independent genome scan analyses, 57 candidate genes potentially under positive selection were identified, out of which 50 were functionally annotated. This candidate gene set was shown to be functionally enriched for lymph node development, focal adhesion genes and anti-viral response, which suggests that the regulation of both innate and acquired immunity might be an important mechanism for salmon response to G. salaris. Overall, our results offer insights into the apparently complex genetic basis of pathogen susceptibility in salmon and highlight methodological challenges for separating the effects of various environmental factors
Data from: The role of parasite-driven selection in shaping landscape genomic structure in red grouse (Lagopus lagopus scotica)
Landscape genomics promises to provide novel insights into how neutral and adaptive processes shape genome-wide variation within and among populations. However, there has been little emphasis on examining whether individual-based phenotype-genotype relationships derived from approaches such as genome-wide association (GWAS) manifest themselves as a population-level signature of selection in a landscape context. The two may prove irreconcilable as individual-level patterns may become diluted by high levels of gene flow and complex phenotypic or environmental heterogeneity. We illustrate this issue with a case study that examines the role of the highly prevalent gastrointestinal nematode Trichostrongylus tenuis in shaping genomic signatures of selection in red grouse (Lagopus lagopus scotica). Individual-level GWAS involving 384 SNPs has previously identified five SNPs that explain variation in T. tenuis burden. Here, we examine whether these same SNPs display population-level relationships between T. tenuis burden and genetic structure across a small-scale landscape of 21 sites with heterogeneous parasite pressure. Moreover, we identify adaptive SNPs showing signatures of directional selection using FST outlier analysis and relate population- and individual-level patterns of multi-locus neutral and adaptive genetic structure to T. tenuis burden. The five candidate SNPs for parasite-driven selection were neither associated with T. tenuis burden on a population level, nor under directional selection. Similarly, there was no evidence of parasite-driven selection in SNPs identified as FST outliers. We discuss these results in the context of red grouse ecology and highlight the broader consequences for the utility of landscape genomics approaches for identifying signatures of selection.
Data from: Genomic signatures of parasite-driven natural selection in north European Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar)
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Data from: The role of parasite-driven selection in shaping landscape genomic structure in red grouse (Lagopus lagopus scotica)
Open the record for dataset details and reuse information.
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OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.