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16 results for “Particulate matter (PM)”
Digitized Particulate Matter Size Distribution Profiles from Literature Sources for Improved Size Representation of PM Emissions in Atmospheric Chemical Transport Models
<p>Processing particulate matter (PM) emissions for use in a chemistry transport model (CTM) such as GEM-MACH (Global Environmental Multiscale Modelling Air-Quality and Chemistry) requires detailed information about particle size distribution and chemical speciation for different PM emissions source types. The current PM size distribution and speciation profile library used at Environment and Climate Change Canada (ECCC) for preparing model-ready emission files for GEM-MACH contains very detailed chemical speciation profiles for PM emissions from 91 source types but only has three generic PM size disaggregation profiles, one each for mobile, point, and area sources. These generic profiles are used to disaggregate bulk PM emissions to a 12-bin sectional size representation, where PM<sub>2.5</sub> emissions are split into size bins 1-8 and PM<sub>10‑2.5</sub> emissions are split into bins 9 and 10. Since there is wide variability in the particle size distribution depending on the source type, the inclusion of source-type-specific PM size disaggregation profiles should lead to better representation of PM particle size for emissions from different source types in the model.</p> <p>A presentation entitled “Expansion of a Size Distribution Profile Library for Particulate Matter (PM) Emissions Processing from Three to 32 Source Categories” was given recently at the Community Modeling and Analysis System (CMAS) conference in Chapel Hill, North Carolina in October 2019 (<a href="https://www.cmascenter.org/conference/2019/slides/1300_zhang_expansion_size_2019.pptx">https://www.cmascenter.org/conference//2019/slides/1300_zhang_expansion_size_2019.pptx</a>) . This presentation described work carried out at ECCC to improve the PM size disaggregation profile library used to generate model-ready emissions. In particular, the number of PM size disaggregation profiles in the library was increased from three generic profiles to 32 source-type-specific profiles. After the conference, four more profiles were added to the library for a total of 36 PM size disaggregation profiles. In order to carry out this study, over 100 PM size distribution profiles from various PM emissions sources were gathered from literature publications, analyzed, and transformed into size disaggregation profiles that correspond to the GEM-MACH 12-bin sectional configuration. The 36 PM size disaggregation profiles that were obtained were then combined with detailed PM chemical speciation data to compile a new PM size disaggregation and chemical speciation library for emissions processing using the SMOKE (Sparse Matrix Operator Kernel Emissions) emissions processing system.</p> <p>This Excel workbook provides the digitized particle size distribution data for PM emissions from 36 different source types that were used as input to calculate the PM size disaggregation profiles for the GEM-MACH 12-bin sectional configuration. The digitized particle size distribution profiles were obtained by digitizing images of size distribution plots obtained from the literature publications using graph digitizing software such as Engauge Digitizer (<a href="http://markummitchell.github.io/engauge-digitizer/">http://markummitchell.github.io/engauge-digitizer/</a>) and WebPlot Digitizer (<a href="https://directory.fsf.org/wiki/WebPlotDigitizer">https://directory.fsf.org/wiki/WebPlotDigitizer</a>). By manually defining the axes and selecting points along the curve by computer mouse, a comma-separated-values file was generated for each size distribution profile image. From there, a series of transformations were carried out as required, including particle diameter conversions from aerodynamic diameter to Stokes diameter, and conversion of number-weighted size distributions to volume-weighted size distributions, in order to obtain a harmonized set of profiles. This Excel workbook contains the raw digitized data for all literature size distributions included in the compilation of the new library, as well as the diameter and size distribution weighting conversions. There are 39 worksheets: the first is an introductory worksheet entitled “Spreadsheet_Info” while the next 36 worksheets are ordered alphabetically and correspond to each of the 36 emissions source types for which a PM size disaggregation profile was generated. The final two worksheets contain digitized particle penetration data for common PM control devices.</p> <p>These digitized profiles may be used and adapted for use with other emissions processing systems and other CTMs with a size-resolved representation for PM. More details are provided in the following publication:</p> <p>Elisa I. Boutzis, Junhua Zhang & Michael D. Moran (2020) Expansion of a size disaggregation profile library for particulate matter emissions processing from three generic profiles to 36 source-type-specific profiles, <em>Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association</em>, 70:11, 1067-1100, DOI: <a href="https://doi.org/10.1080/10962247.2020.1743794">10.1080/10962247.2020.1743794</a></p>
NARSTO Texas Particulate Matter (PM) 2.5 Sampling and Analysis Study: 1997-1998 Data
NARSTO_Texas_PM2.5_Sampling_and_Analysis_Study_1997-1998_ is the North American Research Strategy for Tropospheric Ozone (NARSTO) Texas Particulate Matter (PM) 2.5 Sampling and Analysis Study: 1997-1998 Data. The data for this product was collected from March 11, 1997 to March 12, 1998. The City of Houston, the Texas Natural Resource Conservation Commission (TNRCC), and the Houston Regional Monitoring Network sponsored sampling and analysis of PM2.5 samples taken over the course of one year, from March 11, 1997 to March 12, 1998. Objectives of the study were to determine the levels and chemical composition of PM2.5 in Houston and other cities in Texas and to determine the background levels and chemical composition of PM2.5 transported into Houston. During the sampling effort, 24-hour PM2.5 mass measurements were acquired from 15 sites throughout the state of Texas, using DRI's MEDVOL particle samples. All of the Teflon filters were analyzed for mass by gravimetry and a selected subset of the Teflon and quartz fiber filters were subjected to full chemical analysis. These measurements were taken in anticipation of the U.S. EPA revising PM2.5 and PM10 NAAQS. These results could be used to establish background PM conditions and determine compliance with new PM standards. Various sampler configurations allow evaluation of data precision, accuracy, and validity. NARSTO, which has since disbanded, was a public/private partnership, whose membership spanned across government, utilities, industry, and academe throughout Mexico, the United States, and Canada. The primary mission was to coordinate and enhance policy-relevant scientific research and assessment of tropospheric pollution behavior; activities provide input for science-based decision-making and determination of workable, efficient, and effective strategies for local and regional air-pollution management. Data products from local, regional, and international monitoring and research programs are still available.
Prevalence of multi-resistant plasmids in hospital inhalable particulate matter (PM) and its impact on horizontal gene transfer
GEO Series GSE159850. Escherichia coli HB101. 1 samples. Type: Expression profiling by high throughput sequencing.
NARSTO EPA Supersite (SS) Baltimore, Semicontinuous Elements in Aerosol Sampler (SEAS) Particulate Matter (PM) 25 Metal Cytokines Data
NARSTO_EPA_SS_BALTIMORE_SEAS_PM25_METAL_CYTOKINES is the North American Research Strategy for Tropospheric Ozone (NARSTO) Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) Supersite (SS) Baltimore, Semicontinuous Elements in Aerosol Sampler (SEAS) Particulate Matter (PM) 25 Metal Cytokines Data product. This data product was obtained between August 27 to September 10, 2001 and July 6 to November 27, 2002 during the University of Maryland SEAS II employed at the Baltimore Supersite. Thirty minute samples were collected at the 3 Baltimore monitoring locations for elemental analyses and samples were co-collected for cytokine assays. Simultaneous multi-element graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry was used to determine Al, As, Cd, Cr, Cu, Fe, Mn, Ni, Pb, Sb, Se, and Zn in ambient air sampled at 90 L/min for 30 min and collected as a slurry after dynamic preconcentration. A bioassay for testing highly time resolved PM2.5 samples for their ability to stimulate the release of immune mediators of the inflammation was successfully developed through this project. The release of cytokines and chemokines by cultured alveolar epithelial cells and monocytes stimulated by PM2.5 samples collected over time periods as short as 30 minutes was detectable and responsive to PM2.5 samples of different chemical compositions. Results obtained from the bioassay system in both cell types were reproducible and of sufficient precision to allow detection of differences between PM2.5 samples collected over short time intervals. The Baltimore Supersite collected high-quality ambient air quality measurements with unprecedented temporal resolution at industrially influenced urban sites from August of 2001 to November of 2002 with two intensive measurement campaigns. A data set of project results was constructed to take advantage of advanced multivariate statistical techniques. Data were collected on the sources and nature of organic aerosol for the region, and large quantities of urban PM were collected for retrospective chemical, physical, and biological analyses and for toxicological testing. These data provided important information on the potential health effects of particles to support exposure and epidemiologic studies for enhanced evaluation of health outcome, pollutant, and source relationships.The EPA PM Supersites Program was an ambient air monitoring research program designed to provide information of value to the atmospheric sciences, and human health and exposure research communities. Eight geographically diverse projects were chosen to specifically address the following EPA research priorities: (1) to characterize PM, its constituents, precursors, co-pollutants, atmospheric transport, and its source categories that affect the PM in any region; (2) to address the research questions and scientific uncertainties about PM source-receptor and exposure-health effects relationships; and (3) to compare and evaluate different methods of characterizing PM including testing new and emerging measurement methods.NARSTO, which has since disbanded, was a public/private partnership, whose membership spanned across government, utilities, industry, and academe throughout Mexico, the United States, and Canada. The primary mission was to coordinate and enhance policy-relevant scientific research and assessment of tropospheric pollution behavior; activities provide input for science-based decision-making and determination of workable, efficient, and effective strategies for local and regional air-pollution management. Data products from local, regional, and international monitoring and research programs are still available.
NARSTO EPA Supersite (SS) Fresno, Particulate Matter (PM) 2.5 Particulate Nitrate and Sulfate Data
The NARSTO_EPA_SS_FRESNO_PM25_NO3_SO4 is the North American Research Strategy for Tropospheric Ozone (NARSTO) Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) Supersite (SS) Fresno, Particulate Matter (PM) 2.5 Particulate Nitrate and Sulfate Data. This data set contains measurements taken from two nitrate monitors and one sulfate monitor operated at the Fresno Supersite. The sample collection time for all instruments was 8 minutes. The sample analysis time was 2 minutes. Data were output once every 10 minutes. The Rupprecht and Patashnick (R&P) Ambient Particulate Nitrate Monitor measured the amount of particulate nitrate in an air sample at a nearly continuous rate. The Rupprecht and Patashnick (R&P) Ambient Particulate Sulfate Monitor measured the amount of particulate sulfate in an air sample at a nearly continuous rate. The ambient aerosol was collected by impaction on a small metallic strip. At the end of collection, the strip was heated to vaporize and decompose the particulate matter into oxides which were then measured. The Fresno Supersite is one of several Supersites established in urban areas within the United States by the EPA to better understand the measurement, sources, and health effects of suspended particulate matter (PM). The site is located at 3425 First Street, approximately 1 km north of the downtown commercial district. First Street was a four-lane artery with moderate traffic levels. Commercial establishments, office buildings, churches, and schools were located north and south of the monitor. Medium-density single-family homes and some apartments were located in the blocks to the east and west of First Street. The Fresno Supersite began operation in May of 1999.The EPA PM Supersites Program was an ambient air monitoring research program designed to provide information of value to the atmospheric sciences, and human health and exposure research communities. Eight geographically diverse projects were chosen to specifically address the following EPA research priorities: (1) to characterize PM, its constituents, precursors, co-pollutants, atmospheric transport, and its source categories that affect the PM in any region; (2) to address the research questions and scientific uncertainties about PM source-receptor and exposure-health effects relationships; and (3) to compare and evaluate different methods of characterizing PM including testing new and emerging measurement methods.NARSTO, which has since disbanded, was a public/private partnership, whose membership spanned across government, utilities, industry, and academe throughout Mexico, the United States, and Canada. The primary mission was to coordinate and enhance policy-relevant scientific research and assessment of tropospheric pollution behavior; activities provide input for science-based decision-making and determination of workable, efficient, and effective strategies for local and regional air-pollution management. Data products from local, regional, and international monitoring and research programs are still available.
NARSTO EPA Supersite (SS) Houston, Texas Air Quality Study 2000 (TexAQS2000) Particulate Matter (PM) 2.5 Organic Speciation Data
The NARSTO_EPA_SS_HOUSTON_TEXAQS2000_PM25_ORG_DATA is North American Research Strategy for Tropospheric Ozone (NARSTO) Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) Supersite (SS) Houston, Texas Air Quality Study 2000 (TexAQS2000) Particulate Matter (PM) 2.5 Organic Speciation Data. This file contains 24-hour integrated organic speciation of fine particulate matter (PM2.5) collected August 15, 2000 through September 30, 2000 at the HRM Site 3, Aldine, and La Porte Houston Supersite monitoring locations during TexAQS2000. The filters were extracted with hexane and benzene: isopropanol. Polar compounds were analyzed after derivatization with either diazomethane or bis-trimethylsilyl-trifluoroacetamide. All compounds were quantified by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. The Houston Supersite is one of several Supersites that was established in urban areas within the United States by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) to better understand the measurement, sources, and health effects of suspended particulate matter (PM). The overall goals were to characterize the composition and identify the sources of particulate matter in Southeastern Texas, to develop and test new methods for characterizing fine particulate matter, and to collect data on the physical and chemical characterization of fine particulate matter that can be used to support exposure and health effects studies.NARSTO, which has since disbanded, was a public/private partnership, whose membership spanned across government, utilities, industry, and academe throughout Mexico, the United States, and Canada. The primary mission was to coordinate and enhance policy-relevant scientific research and assessment of tropospheric pollution behavior; activities provide input for science-based decision-making and determination of workable, efficient, and effective strategies for local and regional air-pollution management. Data products from local, regional, and international monitoring and research programs are still available.
NARSTO EPA Supersite (SS) Fresno, Particulate Matter (PM) 2.5 Organic and Elemental Carbon Data
NARSTO_EPA_SS_FRESNO_PM25_OC_EC is the North American Research Strategy for Tropospheric Ozone (NARSTO) Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) Supersite (SS) Fresno, Particulate Matter (PM) 2.5 Organic and Elemental Carbon Data. This data set contains measurements taken from a continuous carbon monitor, Model Rupprecht and Patashnick (R&P) 5400C operated from January 13, 2000 to March 31, 2005, and a Sunset Carbon Analyzer at the Fresno supersite. The sample collection time was 1 hour; the sample analysis time was one hour. Data were output once an hour, two hours after the start of sample collection. The Fresno Supersite is one of several Supersites established in urban areas within the United States by the EPA to better understand the measurement, sources, and health effects of suspended particulate matter (PM). The site is located at 3425 First Street, approximately 1 km north of the downtown commercial district. First Street was a four-lane artery with moderate traffic levels. Commercial establishments, office buildings, churches, and schools were located north and south of the monitor. Medium-density single-family homes and some apartments were located in the blocks to the east and west of First Street. The Fresno Supersite began operation in May of 1999.The EPA PM Supersites Program was an ambient air monitoring research program designed to provide information of value to the atmospheric sciences, and human health and exposure research communities. Eight geographically diverse projects were chosen to specifically address the following EPA research priorities: (1) to characterize PM, its constituents, precursors, co-pollutants, atmospheric transport, and its source categories that affect the PM in any region; (2) to address the research questions and scientific uncertainties about PM source-receptor and exposure-health effects relationships; and (3) to compare and evaluate different methods of characterizing PM including testing new and emerging measurement methods.NARSTO, which has since disbanded, was a public/private partnership, whose membership spanned across government, utilities, industry, and academe throughout Mexico, the United States, and Canada. The primary mission was to coordinate and enhance policy-relevant scientific research and assessment of tropospheric pollution behavior; activities provide input for science-based decision-making and determination of workable, efficient, and effective strategies for local and regional air-pollution management. Data products from local, regional, and international monitoring and research programs are still available.
NARSTO EPA Supersite (SS) Houston, Texas Air Quality Study 2000 (TexAQS2000) Size-specific Particulate Matter (PM) Mass Concentration Data
NARSTO_EPA_SS_HOUSTON_TEXAQS2000_PM_SIZE_MASS is North American Research Strategy for Tropospheric Ozone (NARSTO) Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) Supersite (SS) Houston, Texas Air Quality Study 2000 (TexAQS2000) Size-specific Particulate Matter (PM) Mass Concentration Data. This file reports size segregated mass particulate data collected with a micro-orifice uniform deposit impactors (MOUDI) sampler during the TexAQS2000 at the Houston Regional Monitoring (HRM) Site 3 and LaPorte Houston Supersite monitoring locations. Daily MOUDI sampling began on August 17, 2000 and ended on September 13, 2000. The MOUDI is a model 100 rotating micro-orifice uniform deposit impactor from MSP Corporation. The Houston Supersite is one of several Supersites that was established in urban areas within the United States by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) to better understand the measurement, sources, and health effects of suspended PM. The overall goals were to characterize the composition and identify the sources of PM in Southeastern Texas, to develop and test new methods for characterizing fine PM, and to collect data on the physical and chemical characterization of fine PM that can be used to support exposure and health effects studies. NARSTO, which has since disbanded, was a public/private partnership, whose membership spanned across government, utilities, industry, and academe throughout Mexico, the United States, and Canada. The primary mission was to coordinate and enhance policy-relevant scientific research and assessment of tropospheric pollution behavior; activities provide input for science-based decision-making and determination of workable, efficient, and effective strategies for local and regional air-pollution management. Data products from local, regional, and international monitoring and research programs are still available.
NARSTO EPA Supersite (SS) Pittsburgh Gas Concentration and Particulate matter (PM) Physical Properties Data
NARSTO_EPA_SS_PITTSBURGH_GAS_PM_PROPERTY_DATA is the North American Research Strategy for Tropospheric Ozone (NARSTO) Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) Supersite Pittsburgh Gas Concentration and Particulate matter (PM) Physical Properties Data product. Data was obtained between May 23, 2001 and September 1, 2002 during the Pittsburgh Air Quality Study (PAQS). The data set provides Particulate Matter Composition Data of the following types: 1) Total, Organic, and Hydrogen Peroxide data 2) Filter based measurement of PM10 and PM2.5 Mass concentration using a Dichotomous sampler 3) Epiphaniometer total particle active surface area4) Filter based measurement of PM2.5 Mass using the Federal Reference Method5) Integrating nephelometer based measurement of PM2.5 light scattering6) TSI Scanning Mobility Particle Sizer (Long-column/model 3936L10)7) Measurements of PM mass size distribution using a MOUDI cascade impactor8) In-situ VOC measurements by pre-concentration and gc/msd/fid9) Surface air concentrations of O3, NO, NOx, SO2, CO, and PM2.5 mass. Pittsburgh Air Quality Study (PAQS), along with the Pittsburgh Supersite Program, was a comprehensive, multi-disciplinary investigation to characterize the ambient PM in the Pittsburgh region, to improve understanding the links between ambient PM and public health, and to develop new instrumentation for PM measurements. The Pittsburgh supersite was designed to achieve several objectives: to determine the physical and chemical characteristics of PM in the Pittsburgh region; to develop and evaluate the next generation of atmospheric aerosol monitoring techniques; to update emission profiles for important regional sources; to quantify the impact of the various sources on the local PM concentrations; and to predict changes in the PM characteristics due to proposed changes in emissions. The last objective was based on concurrent modeling studies and was designed to support the development of regulations. These objectives were addressed through four components of the research: (1) ambient monitoring at a central site and a set of satellite sites in the region; (2) an instrument development and evaluation study; (3) a data analysis and synthesis component; and (4) a comprehensive modeling component. The central supersite was located on a grassy hill in a large urban park adjacent to the Carnegie Mellon University campus, approximately 6km east of downtown Pittsburgh. It was separated from the city in the predominant upwind direction (south and west) by roughly 1km of parkland. It was at least several hundred meters from any other major source of air pollution: the site was positioned approximately 50m past the end of a dead end street, and several hundred meters from the nearest heavily traveled street. Five additional sites were operated as Satellite sites to character the spatial variation of the PM. The measurement campaign lasted for 14 months (July 2001-September 2002). Intensive monitoring was performed during two periods, from 1 July to 3 August, 2001 (ESP01) and 1 January to 15 January, 2002 (ESP02). Baseline monitoring was conducted for the rest of the study. Baseline measurements included daily filter samples for fine particle mass and composition (OC/EC, major ions, elemental composition). The U.S. EPA Particulate Matter (PM) super sites Program was an ambient air monitoring research program from 1999-2004 designed to provide information of value to the atmospheric sciences, and human health and exposure research communities. Eight geographically diverse projects were chosen to specifically address these EPA research priorities: (1) to characterize PM, its constituents, precursors, co-pollutants, atmospheric transport, and its source categories that affect the PM in any region; (2) to address the research questions and scientific uncertainties about PM source-receptor and exposure-health effects relationships; and (3) to compare and evaluate different methods of characterizing PM including testing new and emerging measurement methods.NARSTO, which has since disbanded, was a public/private partnership, whose membership spanned across government, utilities, industry, and academe throughout Mexico, the United States, and Canada. The primary mission was to coordinate and enhance policy-relevant scientific research and assessment of tropospheric pollution behavior; activities provide input for science-based decision-making and determination of workable, efficient, and effective strategies for local and regional air-pollution management. Data products from local, regional, and international monitoring and research programs are still available.
NARSTO EPA Supersite (SS) Los Angeles Particulate Matter (PM) 2.5-10 Composition and Mass Data
NARSTO_EPA_SS_LOS_ANGELES_PARTISOL_DATA is the North American Research Strategy for Tropospheric Ozone (NARSTO) Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) Supersite (SS) Los Angeles Particulate Matter (PM) 2.5-10 Composition and Mass Data product. Data was collected using Partisol Model 2025-D samplers between late 2000 and late 2003 from sites at Downey, Claremont, Riverside, Rubidoux, and the University of Southern California (USC). Samples were collected episodically, frequently for a 24-hour per period, but in some cases multiple samples were collected over the course of a day. Element/metals, nitrate/sulfate ion, and mass concentration data were obtained. The Partisol is a dichotomous sequential multi-filter air sampler. It uses a virtual impactor to divide the air stream to facilitate the collection of fine (0.0-2.5um) and coarse (2.5-10.0um) particles onto a filter media over a pre-programmed collection period. The coarse fraction was analyzed using X-ray fluorescence and mass concentration analysis. Ion chromatography and mass concentration analyses were performed on the fine fraction. The overall objective of the Southern California Supersite (SCS) was to conduct research and monitoring that contributed to a better understanding of the measurement, sources, size distribution, chemical composition, physical state, spatial and temporal variability, and health effects of suspended PM in the Los Angeles Basin (LAB). Intensive aerosol measurements, well beyond the traditional PM2.5 mass, sulfate and nitrate concentrations, were conducted in several areas of the LAB. These included particle number concentrations, size distributions, and detailed PM chemical composition as a function of particle size. Sampling locations were chosen to provide wide geographical and seasonal coverage, including urban source sites and downwind receptor sites. The primary sampling facility, a mobile Particle Instrumentation Unit (PIU), was deployed to several locations to conduct a wide range of PM measurements. Sampling in each site lasted for 6-12 months. Intensive PM measurements were also conducted up and downwind of several freeways of the LAB, to characterize near-roadway exposure environments and to support several in vivo and in vitro health studies. The monitoring activities of the SCS were linked with toxicology studies in the LAB using a mobile PM Concentrator facility to investigate health effects associated with exposures to ultrafine, fine and coarse particles. Finally, the PIU facility was successfully used as a platform to develop, test, and evaluate numerous PM measurement instruments and sampling technologies, including several monitors for semi-continuous size fractionated mass and chemistry, personal PM exposure monitors, particle concentration technologies, and particle counting devices.NARSTO, which has since disbanded, was a public/private partnership, whose membership spanned across government, utilities, industry, and academe throughout Mexico, the United States, and Canada. The primary mission was to coordinate and enhance policy-relevant scientific research and assessment of tropospheric pollution behavior; activities provide input for science-based decision-making and determination of workable, efficient, and effective strategies for local and regional air-pollution management. Data products from local, regional, and international monitoring and research programs are still available.
NARSTO EPA Supersite (SS) Los Angeles Tapered-Element Oscillating Microbalance (TEOM) Particulate Matter (PM) 2.5 Mass Concentration Data
NARSTO_EPA_SS_LOS_ANGELES_TEOM_PM25_DATA is the North American Research Strategy for Tropospheric Ozone (NARSTO) Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) Supersite (SS) Los Angeles Tapered-Element Oscillating Microbalance (TEOM) Particulate Matter (PM) 2.5 Mass Concentration Data. It was collected between December 2000 and September 2002 using a Tapered-Element Oscillating Microbalance (TEOM). At Downey and Riverside (Los Angeles County, California), the standard TEOM Model 1400a was used in a mobile trailer to collect PM2.5 mass concentration data every 30 minutes during December 19, 2000 to May 22, 2001. At Claremont and Rubidoux (Los Angeles County, California), Differential TEOM (proto-type) was used in a mobile trailer to collect hourly PM2.5 mass concentration data during August 17, 2001 to September 3, 2002. The overall objective of the Los Angeles Super Site in Southern California Particle Center and Supersite (SCPCS) is to conduct monitoring and research that contributes to a better understanding of the measurement, sources, size distribution, chemical composition and physical state, spatial and temporal variability, and linkages to health effects of airborne particulate matter in the Los Angeles Basin.The U.S. EPA Particulate Matter (PM) Super Sites Program was an ambient air monitoring research program designed to provide information of value to the atmospheric sciences, and human health and exposure research communities. Eight geographically diverse projects were chosen to specifically address these EPA research priorities: (1) to characterize PM, its constituents, precursors, co-pollutants, atmospheric transport, and its source categories that affect the PM in any region; (2) to address the research questions and scientific uncertainties about PM source-receptor and exposure-health effects relationships; and (3) to compare and evaluate different methods of characterizing PM including testing new and emerging measurement methods.NARSTO, which has since disbanded, was a public/private partnership, whose membership spanned across government, utilities, industry, and academe throughout Mexico, the United States, and Canada. The primary mission was to coordinate and enhance policy-relevant scientific research and assessment of tropospheric pollution behavior; activities provide input for science-based decision-making and determination of workable, efficient, and effective strategies for local and regional air-pollution management. Data products from local, regional, and international monitoring and research programs are still available.
NARSTO EPA Supersite (SS) Pittsburgh Particulate Matter (PM) Composition Data
NARSTO_EPA_SS_PITTSBURGH_PM_COMPOSITION_DATA is the North American Research Strategy for Tropospheric Ozone (NARSTO) Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) Supersite (SS) Pittsburgh Particulate Matter (PM) Composition Data. It was obtained between June 30 and September 1, 2001 during the Pittsburgh Air Quality Study (PAQS). The data set provides PM Composition Data of the following types:1) PM2.5 nitrate and PM2.5 sulfate.2) Semi-Continuous Organic and Elemental Carbon Measurements.3) Air concentrations of water soluble PM2.5 aerosol species and water soluble gases, as measured with the CMU steam sampler - IC combination.4) Manual filter-based PM2.5 element measurements from microwave decomposition of filters followed by Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometer analysis.5) Manual filter-based PM10 element measurements from microwave decomposition of filters and Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometer analysis.6) Manual filter-based PM2.5 inorganic composition with analysis performed using ion chromatography.7) Manual filter-based PM2.5 organic and elemental carbon measurements with analysis performed using a Thermal Optical Transmission carbon analyzer.8) Measurements of PM composition size distributions using a MOUDI cascade impactor.9) PM2.5 organic and elemental carbon concentrations from an activated carbon denuder/quartz filter/charcoal impregnated fiber filter backup combination. Quartz filters analyzed using a Thermal/Optical transmittance carbon analyzer.10) Fog chemistry dataPAQS, along with the Pittsburgh Supersite Program, was a comprehensive, multi-disciplinary investigation to characterize the ambient PM in the Pittsburgh region, to improve understanding the links between ambient PM and public health, and to develop new instrumentation for PM measurements. The Pittsburgh Supersite was designed to achieve several objectives: to determine the physical and chemical characteristics of PM in the Pittsburgh region; to develop and evaluate the next generation of atmospheric aerosol monitoring techniques; to update emission profiles for important regional sources; to quantify the impact of the various sources on the local PM concentrations; and to predict changes in the PM characteristics due to proposed changes in emissions. The last objective was based on concurrent modeling studies and was designed to support the development of regulations. These objectives were addressed through four components of the research: (1) ambient monitoring at a central site and a set of satellite sites in the region; (2) an instrument development and evaluation study; (3) a data analysis and synthesis component; and (4) a comprehensive modeling component.The central supersite was located on a grassy hill in a large urban park adjacent to the Carnegie Mellon University campus, approximately 6km east of downtown Pittsburgh. It was separated from the city in the predominant upwind direction (south and west) by roughly 1km of parkland. It was at least several hundred meters from any other major source of air pollution: the site was positioned approximately 50m past the end of a dead end street, and several hundred meters from the nearest heavily traveled street. Five additional sites were operated as Satellite sites to character the spatial variation of the PM. The measurement campaign lasted for 14 months (July 2001-September 2002). Intensive monitoring was performed during two periods, from 1 July to 3 August 2001 (ESP01) and 1 January to 15 January, 2002 (ESP02). Baseline monitoring was conducted for the rest of the study. Baseline measurements included daily filter samples for fine particle mass and composition (OC/EC, major ions, elemental composition). The U.S. EPA PM Supersites Program was an ambient air monitoring research program designed to provide information of value to the atmospheric sciences, and human health and exposure research communities. Eight geographically diverse projects were chosen to specifically address these EPA research priorities: (1) to characterize PM, its constituents, precursors, co-pollutants, atmospheric transport, and its source categories that affect the PM in any region; (2) to address the research questions and scientific uncertainties about PM source-receptor and exposure-health effects relationships; and (3) to compare and evaluate different methods of characterizing PM including testing new and emerging measurement methods. NARSTO, which has since disbanded, was a public/private partnership, whose membership spanned across government, utilities, industry, and academe throughout Mexico, the United States, and Canada. The primary mission was to coordinate and enhance policy-relevant scientific research and assessment of tropospheric pollution behavior; activities provide input for science-based decision-making and determination of workable, efficient, and effective strategies for local and regional air-pollution management. Data products from local, regional, and internationa
NARSTO Pacific 2001 Air Quality Study (PAC2001) Golden Ears Gaseous and Particulate Matter (PM) Data
NARSTO_PAC2001_GOLDEN_EARS_GAS_PM_DATA is the North American Research Strategy for Tropospheric Ozone (NARSTO) Pacific 2001 Air Quality Study (PAC2001) Golden Ears Gaseous, Particulate Matter (PM), and Meteorological Data product. Data was obtained from August 3-11, 2001 during PAC2001. The Golden Ears Provincial Park (GEP) site was situated at 49.27783 N, 120.51544 W, and 220 m above sea level (a.s.l.), about 45 km east of Vancouver in the Coastal Mountains. The sampling site, located at the park ranger headquarters compound, was in a small forest clearing of about 65 x 130 m and was surrounded by tall coniferous trees (dominated by Western Hemlock, Western Red Cedar, and Douglas Fir, typically seen in the Coastal Mountains) with canopy heights about 10-15 m near the site but rising to over 30 m in the park in general. The temporary labs were about 10 m away from the closest trees. The closest urban area, Maple Ridge, is about 8 km to the south. Different from the other sites, the Golden Ears Provincial Park site was dedicated to the question of secondary biogenic particles production from forestry precursors. The 1995 emission inventories for the LFV indicate strong monoterpene emissions from forests in the Coastal Mountains and the Cascade Ranges. A previous study here showed significant ambient concentrations of terpenes. Monoterpenes are converted into particles in the gas phase with high yields. While the forests were known to release monoterpenes, the magnitude of the contribution to fine particles in the LFV was not clear. Measurements at the GEP site were designed to provide information on secondary biogenic particle production from forestry precursors, such as monoterpenes. PAC2001 was conducted from August 1 to September 31, 2001 in the Lower Fraser Valley (LFV), British Columbia, Canada. The study consisted of individual research projects organized to address several issues on ambient PM and ozone that are important to policy makers. A special issue of Atmospheric Environment [Vol. 38(34), Nov 2004] described specific study objectives (Li, 2004) and presented a series of results papers from the field study. There were 5 ground sampling sites during the study, which included: Cassiar Tunnel, Slocan Park, Langley Ecole Lochiel, Sumas Eagle Ridge, and Golden Ears Provincial Park. Aloft measurements were taken from a Convair 580 and a Cessna 188. Selected measurement data were compiled for each site and aircraft and are archived as site-specific data sets.North American Research Strategy for Tropospheric Ozone (NARSTO), which has since disbanded, was a public/private partnership, whose membership spanned across government, utilities, industry, and academe throughout Mexico, the United States, and Canada. The primary mission was to coordinate and enhance policy-relevant scientific research and assessment of tropospheric pollution behavior; activities provide input for science-based decision-making and determination of workable, efficient, and effective strategies for local and regional air-pollution management. Data products from local, regional, and international monitoring and research programs are still available.
NARSTO EPA Supersite (SS) Atlanta 1999 Air Chemistry, Particulate Matter (PM), and Meteorological Data
The NARSTO_EPA_SS_ATLANTA_1999_CHEM_PM_MET_DATA is the North American Research Strategy for Tropospheric Ozone (NARSTO) Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) Supersite (SS) Atlanta 1999 Air Chemistry, Particulate Matter (PM), and Meteorological Data product. This data product was obtained from July to September 1999 during the Atlanta Experiment of the U.S. EPA Particulate Matter Supersites Program. The EPS selected Atlanta as one of the first Supersites Programs dedicated to the study of fine particles (or Particulate Matter (PM) 2.5). The Southern Oxidants Study (SOS) in conjunction with the Georgia Institute of Technology, Earth and Atmospheric Sciences Department developed and implemented the scientific research plan for this initial Supersites Program effort. The Atlanta field experiment was a 4-week long campaign aimed at comprehensively addressing issues related to the measurement and characterization of fine particles in the polluted or urban atmosphere. The experiment took place during the August 1999 and deployed a wide array of instrumentation at a measurement site located on Jefferson Street in Midtown Atlanta.Goals of the Atlanta Supersite Program were twofold: first, to provide a platform for testing and contrasting some of the newer particle measurement techniques; and second, to provide data to advance our scientific understanding of atmospheric processes regarding atmospheric particles. Specific objectives were: (1) to characterize the performance of emerging and/or state-of-the-science PM Measurements; (2) to compare and contrast similar and dissimilar PM Measurements; (3) to evaluate the precision, accuracy, and completeness of information that can be gained from the planned EPA PM mass and chemical composition networks; (4) to evaluate the scientific information gained by combining various independent and complementary PM Measurements; and (5) to address various scientific issues and their ozone- and PM-related policy implications with this data base.The EPA PM Supersites Program was an ambient air monitoring research program from 1999-2004 designed to provide information of value to the atmospheric sciences, and human health and exposure research communities. Eight geographically diverse projects were chosen to specifically address the following EPA research priorities: (1) to characterize PM, its constituents, precursors, co-pollutants, atmospheric transport, and its source categories that affect the PM in any region; (2) to address the research questions and scientific uncertainties about PM source-receptor and exposure-health effects relationships; and (3) to compare and evaluate different methods of characterizing PM including testing new and emerging measurement methods.NARSTO, which has since disbanded, was a public/private partnership, whose membership spanned across government, utilities, industry, and academe throughout Mexico, the United States, and Canada. The primary mission was to coordinate and enhance policy-relevant scientific research and assessment of tropospheric pollution behavior; activities provide input for science-based decision-making and determination of workable, efficient, and effective strategies for local and regional air-pollution management. Data products from local, regional, and international monitoring and research programs are still available.
NARSTO Supersite Transboundary Intensive Field Study (STIFS) Particulate Matter (PM) Inorganic Volatile Organic Compounds Data
NARSTO_STIFS_CANADA_PM_INORG_VOC_DATA is the North American Research Strategy for Tropospheric Ozone (NARSTO) Supersite Transboundary Intensive Field Study (STIFS) Particulate Matter (PM) Inorganic Volatile Organic Compounds DataData was collected in the Summer-Winter-Summer of 2001-2002 during the The goal of STIFS was the measurement of PM2.5 composition and related pollutants to improve estimates of the local vs long-range transport contribution to particles. The regions of interest were from SW Ontario to SW Quebec, and the Saturna/Vancouver area. In addition to the long-range transport emphasis, the improved time resolution in the data sets provide more detail for a variety of purposes, especially process studies and model development. STIFS particle-related measurements included: daily ambient meteorological measurements; real-time single particle size and chemistry; high time resolution OC, BC and particle nitrate; high time resolution particle sulfate; size-distribution of organic and element carbon; organic speciation; mass and water soluble organics and inorganics; particle mass and trace metals; and particle mass and inorganic ions. A companion document describing the project in greater detail and showing monitoring locations is available. Data archived at this time are the mass and water soluble organics and inorganics, speciated volatile organic carbon gas phase measurements, PM2.5 and PM2.5-10 mass concentration, and elemental and organic carbon mass concentrations. It is known that U.S. sources contribute significantly to the regional particle levels during certain time periods and likely have a significant impact on the annual average. However, sources within Ontario, Quebec and B.C. also play a role and better information on the relative importance of these sources vs U.S. sources is critical to policy development. Improved information on this issue can be obtained through more detailed ambient measurements in urban and rural areas and through the use of models. The study provided the measurements needed to infer more about the sources of particles in areas impacted by regional transport and to improve regional models (e.g., AURAMS and Models-3/CMAQ) for future application. NARSTO, which has since disbanded, was a public/private partnership, whose membership spanned across government, utilities, industry, and academe throughout Mexico, the United States, and Canada. The primary mission was to coordinate and enhance policy-relevant scientific research and assessment of tropospheric pollution behavior; activities provide input for science-based decision-making and determination of workable, efficient, and effective strategies for local and regional air-pollution management. Data products from local, regional, and international monitoring and research programs are still available.
NARSTO EPA Supersite (SS) Los Angeles Size-Fractionated Particulate Matter (PM) Composition - micro-orifice uniform deposit impactors (MOUDI) Data
The NARSTO_EPA_SS_LOS_ANGELES_MOUDI_DATA is the North American Research Strategy for Tropospheric Ozone (NARSTO) Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) Supersite (SS) Los Angeles Size-Fractionated Particulate Matter (PM) Composition - micro-orifice uniform deposit impactors (MOUDI) Data product. Data for this collection was collected between late 2000 and late 2003 from sites at Downey, Claremont, Riverside, Rubidoux, and the University of Southern California (USC). Samples were typically collected for a one-day period, but in some cases, duration was less than or more than one day. Element/metals, carbon, nitrate/sulfate ion, and mass concentration data were obtained. The MOUDI is a multiple stage inertial cascade impactor. At each stage, particles larger than the cut point of the stage are collected on the impaction plate while smaller particles pass through to the next stage. This continues through the cascade impactor until the smallest particles are collected on the after filter. At Downey, a size range of 10um to 0um was collected (10.0-2.5um, 2.5-1.0um, 1.0-0.32um, 0.32-0um). Most of the 10.0-2.5um size range samples were eliminated at Claremont, Riverside, Rubidoux, and USC because this size range was collected using the Partisol sampler. All samples were analyzed using X-ray florescence and mass concentration analysis at an independent laboratory. The overall objective of the Los Angeles Supersite in Southern California Particle Center and Supersite (SCPCS) was to conduct monitoring and research that contributes to a better understanding of the measurement, sources, size distribution, chemical composition and physical state, spatial and temporal variability, and linkages to health effects of airborne particulate matter in the Los Angeles Basin. The EPA PM Supersites Program was an ambient air monitoring research program designed to provide information of value to the atmospheric sciences, and human health and exposure research communities. Eight geographically diverse projects were chosen to specifically address these EPA research priorities: (1) to characterize PM, its constituents, precursors, co-pollutants, atmospheric transport, and its source categories that affect the PM in any region; (2) to address the research questions and scientific uncertainties about PM source-receptor and exposure-health effects relationships; and (3) to compare and evaluate different methods of characterizing PM including testing new and emerging measurement methods.NARSTO, which has since disbanded, was a public/private partnership, whose membership spanned across government, utilities, industry, and academe throughout Mexico, the United States, and Canada. The primary mission was to coordinate and enhance policy-relevant scientific research and assessment of tropospheric pollution behavior; activities provide input for science-based decision-making and determination of workable, efficient, and effective strategies for local and regional air-pollution management. Data products from local, regional, and international monitoring and research programs are still available.
ScienceDex guides
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These curated guides explain access requirements, typical timelines, costs, and reuse considerations for widely used research datasets.
Allen Brain Atlas
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International Brain Laboratory public data
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OpenNeuro
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