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35 results for “Pennatulacea”
Fig. 8 in Umbellula pomona sp. nov., a new sea pen from Mar del Plata Submarine Canyon (Cnidaria: Octocorallia: Pennatulacea)
Fig. 8. General aspect of the unique specimen of a juvenile-like paratype of Umbellula pomona Risaro, Williams & Lauretta sp. nov. (MACN-IN 42609, paratype C). Abbreviations: CP = central polyp; LP = lateral polyp; R = rachis; PD = peduncle; T = tentacles.
Fig. 7 in Umbellula pomona sp. nov., a new sea pen from Mar del Plata Submarine Canyon (Cnidaria: Octocorallia: Pennatulacea)
Fig. 7. Variability of sizes and ornamentations of the pinnules' sclerites of the holotype of Umbellula pomona Risaro, Williams & Lauretta sp. nov. (MACN-IN 42608).
Fig. 2. A in Umbellula pomona sp. nov., a new sea pen from Mar del Plata Submarine Canyon (Cnidaria: Octocorallia: Pennatulacea)
Fig. 2. A. General aspect of Umbellula pomona Risaro, Williams & Lauretta sp. nov. A. Holotype (MACN-IN 42608). B. Detail of the terminal cluster of paratype A (MACN-IN 42609), showing three autozooids that form the terminal cluster and amplifications of sclerites (up) and siphonozooids (down). Abbreviations: CP = central polyp; LP = lateral polyp; Pd = peduncle; R = rachis; T = tentacle; S = siphonozooids; Scl = sclerites.
FIGURE 6. Grasshoffia profundica n in The Genus Grasshoffia with the Description of a New Deep-water Species from the Northern Philippines (Octocorallia: Pennatulacea: Virgulariidae)
FIGURE 6. Grasshoffia profundica n. sp. Scanning electron micrographs of sclerites from polyps and polyp leaves. Scale bar = 0.03 mm.
FIGURE 3. Grasshoffia profundica n in The Genus Grasshoffia with the Description of a New Deep-water Species from the Northern Philippines (Octocorallia: Pennatulacea: Virgulariidae)
FIGURE 3. Grasshoffia profundica n. sp. External morphology. A. Holotype (CAS 207514). B. Paratype (CAS 207515); scale bar for A and B = 40 mm. C. Detail of holotype rachis. D. Detail of holotype rachis. E. Detail of paratype rachis; scale bar for C-E = 10 mm. F. Detail of rachis of paratype showing broadly ovate polyp leaves with narrow proximal region attached to the rachis; scale bar = 5.0 mm. G. Diagram of a single autozooid, pinnules not shown; scale bar = 0.5 mm.
FIGURE 2 in The Genus Grasshoffia with the Description of a New Deep-water Species from the Northern Philippines (Octocorallia: Pennatulacea: Virgulariidae)
FIGURE 2. Late afternoon view from the eastern shore of Balayan Bay, southern Luzon, Philippines – the eastern part of the bay shown here is the type locality of Grasshoffia profundica sp. nov.
FIGURE 4. Grasshoffia profundica n in The Genus Grasshoffia with the Description of a New Deep-water Species from the Northern Philippines (Octocorallia: Pennatulacea: Virgulariidae)
FIGURE 4. Grasshoffia profundica n. sp. Scanning electron micrographs of axial morphology. A. Transverse section of axis from the distal region of the rachis showing arrangement of wedge-shaped sections of calcareous material radiating outward from the central core; scale bar = 0.3 mm. B. Enlarged detail of the central region from Fig. 2A showing concentration of organic matter in the central core and several elongated, tadpole-shaped channels surrounding the core; scale bar = 0.2 mm. C. Longitudinal external view of portion of axis from the distal region of the rachis showing uniformly smooth surface; scale bar = 0.5 mm. D. Enlarged detail of axial surface (from Fig. 2C) showing short, slit-shaped orifices; scale bar = 0.1 mm.
FIGURE 7. Grasshoffia profundica n in The Genus Grasshoffia with the Description of a New Deep-water Species from the Northern Philippines (Octocorallia: Pennatulacea: Virgulariidae)
FIGURE 7. Grasshoffia profundica n. sp. Scanning electron micrographs of polyp sclerites from polyps and polyp leaves. Scale bars = 0.02 mm.
Fig. 12 in A new family for the enigmatic sea pen genus Gyrophyllum Studer, 1891 (Octocorallia, Pennatulacea), a molecular and morphological approach
Fig. 12. Gyrophyllum cf. sibogae Hickson, 1916, colony from New Zealand waters (NIWA 158583; sampling data: NZOI Stn. P86, 31º39.498′ S, 159º9.402′ E, 610 m depth, 28 May 1977). A. Laterodorsal side. B. Latero-ventral side. C. Detail showing polyp leaves ventral edges with well-developed BPPs (yellow arrows) in a double manner. These are likely to be the origin of Hickson's observations, but despite this, Indo-West Pacific colonies deserve further molecular and morphological investigations.
Fig. 11. Gyrophyllum hirondellei Studer, 1891 in A new family for the enigmatic sea pen genus Gyrophyllum Studer, 1891 (Octocorallia, Pennatulacea), a molecular and morphological approach
Fig. 11. Gyrophyllum hirondellei Studer, 1891, BECA (OPEN-660). SEM photographs of sclerites. A. Rachis interior. B. Peduncle exterior. C. Peduncle interior.
Fig. 9. Gyrophyllum hirondellei Studer, 1891 in A new family for the enigmatic sea pen genus Gyrophyllum Studer, 1891 (Octocorallia, Pennatulacea), a molecular and morphological approach
Fig. 9. Gyrophyllum hirondellei Studer, 1891, BECA (OPEN-660). A. SEM photographs of a tentacle in latero-oral view showing the numerous filiform structures. B. SEM photographs of a tentacle in latero-aboral view showing the naked aboral surface of tentacular axis and filiform structures. C. SEM photographs of a tentacle in lateral view showing digitiform normal pinnulae and, on the left, the numerous and elongate filiform structures. missing collection codes for specimens (as given in all other figs …)
Fig. 8. Gyrophyllum hirondellei Studer, 1891 in A new family for the enigmatic sea pen genus Gyrophyllum Studer, 1891 (Octocorallia, Pennatulacea), a molecular and morphological approach
Fig. 8. Gyrophyllum hirondellei Studer, 1891, BECA (OPEN-660). A. Transversal section of a polyp leaf, showing its trabecular walls, and the thin barriers between consecutive gastrovascular cavities that are disposed in a line. B. Detail from A (the gastrovascular cavity on the left), showing also pharynx, mesenteria, sclerites of the tentacular axis (visible due to the transparency of oral disc), and (sectioned) one of the oral 'pouches' into which each tentacle is partially retracted. C. Internal view of the autozooids body wall into which the tentacular crown retracts (this becomes the outer body wall when the autozooid is extended). Note on the bottom right one of the tentacles and several sclerites (arrowed) in the thin body wall of the autozooid. D. Autozooid body wall treated with clove oil to clear tissue with scattered sclerites now easily observed in situ. E. Single tentacle in oral view (after critical point treatment) showing the numerous filiform structures. F. Single tentacle in lateral view (after critical point treatment) showing a series of normal pinnulae, part of the aboral side of tentacle and filiform structures. G. Single tentacle treated with clove oil to observe the presence and disposition of sclerites along the tentacular axis. H. Detail from G, also showing filiform structures.
Fig. 10. Gyrophyllum hirondellei Studer, 1891 in A new family for the enigmatic sea pen genus Gyrophyllum Studer, 1891 (Octocorallia, Pennatulacea), a molecular and morphological approach
Fig. 10. Gyrophyllum hirondellei Studer, 1891, BECA (OPEN-660). SEM photographs of sclerites. A. Tentacle. B. Polyp leaf, siphonozooids area. C. Calycular pointed processes. D. Rachis exterior.
Fig. 6. Gyrophyllum hirondellei Studer, 1891. A–B in A new family for the enigmatic sea pen genus Gyrophyllum Studer, 1891 (Octocorallia, Pennatulacea), a molecular and morphological approach
Fig. 6. Gyrophyllum hirondellei Studer, 1891. A–B. Detail of the colony MNHM OCT.A.579 in upperventral and lateral view, respectively, showing BPPs (white arrows) and partially retracted autozooids (black arrows). C–D. Detail of polyp leaves and ventral edge of a polyp leaf of the colony BECA (OPEN-660), note trabecular appearance of lateral surfaces and well developed BPPs. E. Detail of lateral surface of a polyp leaf, showing trabecular arrangement of sclerites and siphonozooid openings (arrowed). F. Partial section at rachis-peduncle limit, showing the thick trabecular wall and the axis with longitudinal groves.
Fig. 5. Gyrophyllum hirondellei Studer, 1891 in A new family for the enigmatic sea pen genus Gyrophyllum Studer, 1891 (Octocorallia, Pennatulacea), a molecular and morphological approach
Fig. 5. Gyrophyllum hirondellei Studer, 1891. Cross-sections of the axis near the rachis-peduncle limit of G. hirondellei colonies from SCOTIA cruises. A. Colony BECA (OPEN-660), a colony 112 mm in total length, showing an X-shaped cross-section, with an already apparent asymmetry. If growth rings are assumed to be produced annually this specimen is ~5 years old. B. Colony BECA (OPEN-661), a colony 215 mm in total length, showing a highly asymmetric X-shaped cross-section and a symmetrical central core (white dots). This specimen is ~14 years old according to growth rings with the proviso above.
Fig. 7. Gyrophyllum hirondellei Studer, 1891 in A new family for the enigmatic sea pen genus Gyrophyllum Studer, 1891 (Octocorallia, Pennatulacea), a molecular and morphological approach
Fig. 7. Gyrophyllum hirondellei Studer, 1891. Details of the ventral edge of a polyp leaf, showing the apertures of an autozooid (black arrows) and a single BPP (white arrows) in differing degrees of development per autozooid. A–B. Colony BECA (OPEN-661). C. Colony MNHM OCT.A.579.
Fig. 2 in A new family for the enigmatic sea pen genus Gyrophyllum Studer, 1891 (Octocorallia, Pennatulacea), a molecular and morphological approach
Fig. 2. Bayesian analyses showing the phylogenetic relationships of pennatulacean species (see Table 1) with the four main Clades I–IV indicated by coloured arrows. Sequences of the genus Gyrophyllum are in Clade III (light green are Atlantic specimens, while dark green are Indo-western Pacific specimens). The present hypotheses are based on mtMutS+ND2+Cox1+28S (left) and the concatenated set of sequences mtMutS+ND2+Cox1 (right). Only values of Bst>50 and PP>80 have been considered to be codified according legend. When Bst was <50 but PP was>80, PP value is indicated. The trees are drawn to scale, with branch lengths measured in the number of substitutions per site. Numbers in the tree clades represent Posterior Probability values not supported by ML. Yellow rings (continuous or alternate with pink lines) delimit taxa at genus level in Clade III. Rings of continuous lines (regardless of colour) delimit taxa with polyp leaves at genus level in Clades I–IV.
Fig. 3. Gyrophyllum hirondellei Studer, 1891, colonies from SCOTIA cruises. A–B in A new family for the enigmatic sea pen genus Gyrophyllum Studer, 1891 (Octocorallia, Pennatulacea), a molecular and morphological approach
Fig. 3. Gyrophyllum hirondellei Studer, 1891, colonies from SCOTIA cruises. A–B. BECA (OPEN- 660), ventral and dorsal sides, see also Fig. 4. C. Detail from colony NMS.Z.2022.1.6, showing parts of polyp leaves ventral edge with well-developed BPPs (white arrows) and others without BPPs (black arrows). D–E. Ventral and dorsal sides of the colony NMS.Z.2022.1.4. F. Detail from D, showing most of the proximal polyp leaves without BPPs, some can be seen on the distalmost polyp leaves (white arrows).
Fig. 1 in A new family for the enigmatic sea pen genus Gyrophyllum Studer, 1891 (Octocorallia, Pennatulacea), a molecular and morphological approach
Fig. 1. Distribution of the sampling stations for Gyrophyllum hirondellei Studer, 1891 material examined over the course of this study.
FIGURE 5 in Three new species of pennatulacean octocorals with the ability to attach to rocky substrata (Cnidaria: Anthozoa: Pennatulacea)
FIGURE 5. Anthoptilum gowlettholmesae sp. nov., in situ; scales not given: A, entire colony attached to a bare rock surface; B, single colony with numerous individuals of the echinoid Dermechinus horridus; C, single colony attached to an extensive area of bare rock; D, colony grasped by the collecting arm of the ROV Jason. Image copyright, Advanced Imaging and Visualisation Laboratory WHOI.
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