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34 results for “Peridiniales”
Fig. 3 in Molecular Phylogeny of the Marine Planktonic Dinoflagellate Oxytoxum and Corythodinium (Peridiniales, Dinophyceae)
Fig. 3. Maximum Likelihood (ML) phylogenetic tree of Oxytoxum scolopax and Corythodinium spp. with other dinoflagellates inferred from SSU rDNA sequences based on 1,654 aligned positions. The species newly sequenced in this study are highlighted in bold. The numbers at each node represent bootstrap support (only values above 50% are indicated). The scale bar represents inferred evolutionary distance in substitutions/site.
Figure S1 in Molecular Phylogeny of the Marine Planktonic Dinoflagellate Oxytoxum and Corythodinium (Peridiniales, Dinophyceae)
Figure S1. Light micrographs of isolated cells of Oxytoxum and Corythodinium for molecular analysis.
Figs 2A–N in Molecular Phylogeny of the Marine Planktonic Dinoflagellate Oxytoxum and Corythodinium (Peridiniales, Dinophyceae)
Figs 2A–N. Light micrographs of Oxytoxum and Corythodinium from Brazil. A – Oxytoxum scolopax, isolated cell FG11. B – O. scolopax and C. tessellatum. C–D – C. tessellatum. C – Isolated cell FG9. E–H – Dividing cells of C. tessellatum. H – Isolated cell FG40. I – C. tessellatum and C. constrictum. J – Diving cells of C. constrictum. K–L – Corythodinium frenguellii. K – Isolated cell FG7. L – Isolated cell FG8. M–N – C. cristatum from the open South Atlantic Ocean, isolated cell FG28. M – The inset focuses on the antapical spine. Scale bars: 20 µm.
Figs 1A–O in Molecular Phylogeny of the Marine Planktonic Dinoflagellate Oxytoxum and Corythodinium (Peridiniales, Dinophyceae)
Figs 1A–O. Light micrographs of Oxytoxum and Corythodinium from the Mediterranean Sea. A–E – O. scolopax from Banyuls sur Mer. B–C, E, J – Epifluorescence microscopy. B, E, J – Note the autofluorescence of the chloroplasts. C – Nucleus stained by DAPI. F – Dividing cells of O. sceptrum. G–H – C. constrictum from Villefranche sur Mer. I–L – C. tessellatum from Banyuls sur Mer. K–L – Empty thecae. M – C. frenguellii from Villefranche sur Mer. N–O – C. cristatum from Villefranche sur Mer. The insets show the antapical spine. n – nucleus. Scale bars: 20 µm.
Fig.4 in Bumps on the back: An unusual morphology in phylogenetically distinct Peridinium aff. cinctum (= Peridinium tuberosum; Peridiniales, Dinophyceae)
Fig.4 Cells with bulges of strain GeoM*979. a‒d Light microscopy, e‒j scanning electron microscopy; bulges are indicated by arrows. a‒b Different shapes and colours of cells with two bulges on hypotheca. c Vital cell with bulges on epi- and hypotheca. d Necrotic cell with bulges on epi- and hypotheca. e Dorsal view with prominent bulges on hypotheca and possibly smaller bulges on epitheca. f Right lateral view with bulge on hypotheca. g Antapical view with prominent bulge on plate 2′′′′ and smaller bulge on plate 5′′′. h Apical view of a cell with bulge on plate 4′. j Lateral view of a cell with bulges on epiand hypotheca. Plate labelling follows the Kofoidean notation, n′: apical plate; n′′: precingular plate; n′′′: postcingular plate; n′′′′: antapical plate; na: anterior intercalary plate. Scale bar=10 µm
Fig. 3 in Bumps on the back: An unusual morphology in phylogenetically distinct Peridinium aff. cinctum (= Peridinium tuberosum; Peridiniales, Dinophyceae)
Fig. 3 Developmental stages of strain GeoM*979. a‒d, f‒g Light microscopy, e scanning electron microscopy. a Two thecate cells enclosed in the parental theca. b Opened theca, ventral view, note that opening starts from the dorsal part of the cell and the lid composed of the plates 3′, 1a‒3a, 3′′‒5′′. c Two connected, swimming cells. d Two connected, immotile cells enclosed in the parental thecae. e Coccoid cell. f Opened theca, dorsal view, note that a ventral lid is removed and the dorsal part still connected to the hypotheca. g Coccoid cell. Plate labelling follows the Kofoidean notation, n′: apical plate; n′′: precingular plate; na: anterior intercalary plate. Scale bar= 10 µm
Fig. 1 in Bumps on the back: An unusual morphology in phylogenetically distinct Peridinium aff. cinctum (= Peridinium tuberosum; Peridiniales, Dinophyceae)
Fig. 1 The original material of Peridinium tuberosum. Numbers indicated by Meunier (1919) follow: (23) Ventral view with sulcus extending onto the epitheca (similar to Peridinium cinctum but different from Peridinium gatunense). (24) Dorsal view. (25) Apical view with asymmetrical epithecal plate pattern (similar to P. cinctum). (26) Antapical view. (27) Right lateral view with a slight tilt towards the front. Note the bulges on the posterior end of the cell in 23‒24, 26‒27, which are distinctive traits of P. tuberosum
Fig. 2 in Bumps on the back: An unusual morphology in phylogenetically distinct Peridinium aff. cinctum (= Peridinium tuberosum; Peridiniales, Dinophyceae)
Fig. 2 Flagellated cells of strain GeoM*979. a‒f Light microscopy, g‒m scanning electron microscopy, a‒d images taken from the same cell. a Dorsal view. b‒c Chloroplasts (as inferred from autofluorescence) at two different focal planes, note the space occupied by the nucleus. d Cell nucleus with chromosomes (as inferred from astra blue staining). e Ventral view of living cell. f Empty theca (mirrored) portraying cellular plates on the ventral side. g Apical view. h Dorsal view. j Ventral view. k Antapical view. l Right lateral view. m Left lateral view. Plate labelling follows the Kofoidean notation, n′: apical plate; n′′: precingular plate; n′′′; postcingular plate; n′′′′: antapical plate; na: anterior intercalary plate; sp: posterior sulcal plate. Scale bar= 10 µm
◂Fig. 6 A molecular phylogeny of 56 systematically representative Peridiniaceae, including 42 accessions assignable to P. cinctum from various geographic regions. Maximum likelihood tree (– ln = 21,884.93), as inferred from a rRNA nucleotide alignment (1137 parsimony-informative sites) and with strain number information. Numbers on branches are ML bootstrap (above) and Bayesian support values (below) for the clusters (asterisks indicate maximal support values, values under 50 and 0.90, respectively, are not shown). Clades are indicated (CZE Czech Republic, E East, GER Germany, HET Heterocapsaceae, N North, PPE Protoperidiniaceae, POL Poland, rbn ribotype n, S South, SWE Sweden, UKR Ukraine, W West) in Bumps on the back: An unusual morphology in phylogenetically distinct Peridinium aff. cinctum (= Peridinium tuberosum; Peridiniales, Dinophyceae)
◂Fig. 6 A molecular phylogeny of 56 systematically representative Peridiniaceae, including 42 accessions assignable to P. cinctum from various geographic regions. Maximum likelihood tree (– ln = 21,884.93), as inferred from a rRNA nucleotide alignment (1137 parsimony-informative sites) and with strain number information. Numbers on branches are ML bootstrap (above) and Bayesian support values (below) for the clusters (asterisks indicate maximal support values, values under 50 and 0.90, respectively, are not shown). Clades are indicated (CZE Czech Republic, E East, GER Germany, HET Heterocapsaceae, N North, PPE Protoperidiniaceae, POL Poland, rbn ribotype n, S South, SWE Sweden, UKR Ukraine, W West)
A new species and a new combination in Protoperidinium sect. Oceanica (Peridiniales, Dinophyceae) from Vietnamese waters
<p>In this study, we described and illustrated details of a new species, <em>Protoperidinium vietnamicum</em> sp. nov., from Vietnamese coastal waters and <em>Protoperidinium curvicorne</em> (Böhm) comb. Nov. is proposed as a new combination. Each cell's size range (length, width, and depth) was measured, and the morphological features of both species described here and selected related species in the Oceanica section were compared. In addition, the ecology and distribution of both species were given.</p>
A new species and a new combination in Protoperidinium sect. Oceanica (Peridiniales, Dinophyceae) from Vietnamese waters
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FIGURE 3 in Taxonomic clarification of the dinophyte Peridinium acuminatum Ehrenb., Scrippsiella acuminata, comb. nov. (Thoracosphaeraceae, Peridiniales)
FIGURE 3. Motile and immotile stages during life history of Scrippsiella acuminata, comb. nov. (GeoB 427; A–G: light microscopy, all at the same scale; H–M: scanning electron microscopy). A. Thecate cell of the small-sized morphotype. B. Thecate cell of mid-sized morphotype. C. Thecate cell of large-sized morphotype. D. Immotile cell of the mid-sized morphotype with thecal remnant. E. Two attached mid-sized thecate cells at the bottom of the cultivation plate. F. Coccoid cell with long thin processes. G. Coccoid cell with short thick processes. H. Ventral view of mid-sized thecate cell. I. Dorso-lateral view of mid-sized thecate cell. G. Coccoid cell with long thin processes. K. Coocoid cell with short, thick processes. L. Close-up view of long and thin processes. M. Close-up view of short and thick processes.
FIGURE 5 in Taxonomic clarification of the dinophyte Peridinium acuminatum Ehrenb., Scrippsiella acuminata, comb. nov. (Thoracosphaeraceae, Peridiniales)
FIGURE 5. Schematic drawing of the thecal plates. A. Ventral view. B. Dorsal view. C. Apical view. D. Antapical view. E. Enlarged sulcal region. Abbreviations: cp: closing plate (graphically surrounded by the pore plate). n': apical plate. n": precingular plate. n''': postcingular plate. n'''': antapical plate. na: anterior intercalary plate. nC: cingular plate. Sa: anterior sulcal plate. Sd: right sulcal plate. Sm: median sulcal plate. Sp: posterior sulcal plate. Ss: left sulcal plate. x: canal (preapical) plate. Arrowheads in C–D indicate plate overlap pattern.
FIGURE 4 in Taxonomic clarification of the dinophyte Peridinium acuminatum Ehrenb., Scrippsiella acuminata, comb. nov. (Thoracosphaeraceae, Peridiniales)
FIGURE 4. Tabulation pattern of the thecate cells of Scrippsiella acuminata, comb. nov. A. Apical view of epitheca. B. Ventral view of hypotheca with cingulum and sulcal region. C. Antapical view of hypotheca. D. Apical view of the apical pore complex. E. Apical view of epitheca with unusual additional plates. F. Small-sized thecate cell with unusual additional plates (as homologies to the typical conformation is dubious, plates are not indicated). Abbreviations: Apo: apical pore plate. cp: closing plate. n': apical plate. n": precingular plate. n''': postcingular plate. n'''': antapical plate. na: anterior intercalary plate. nC: cingular plate. pp: pore plate. Sa: anterior sulcal plate. Sd: right sulcal plate. Sm: median sulcal plate. Sp: posterior sulcal plate. Ss: left sulcal plate. x: preapical plate. Arrows in A–C indicate plate overlap pattern.
FIGURE 2 in Taxonomic clarification of the dinophyte Peridinium acuminatum Ehrenb., Scrippsiella acuminata, comb. nov. (Thoracosphaeraceae, Peridiniales)
FIGURE 2. Single cells from the epitype (or copies) of Scrippsiella acuminata, comb. nov. (light microscopy; GeoB 427). A, B. Motile thecate cells. C. Calcareous coccoid cell with processes.
FIGURE 1 in Taxonomic clarification of the dinophyte Peridinium acuminatum Ehrenb., Scrippsiella acuminata, comb. nov. (Thoracosphaeraceae, Peridiniales)
FIGURE 1. Ehrenberg's original material of Peridinium acuminatum (note slight deviations between the illustrations regarding cell shape and internal colouring). A. water-coloured drawing (sheet 938, deposited in the Museum for Natural History, Berlin), B. from which the type pl. II 5 (engraver: B. Wienker) in Ehrenberg (1836) as well as C. pl. XXII (engraver: C.E. Weber) in Ehrenberg (1838) was derived.
FIGURE 1 in Description of Peridiniopsidaceae, fam. nov. (Peridiniales, Dinophyceae)
FIGURE 1. Peridiniaceae and Peridiniopsidaceae, fam. nov., have distinct systematic positions in the peridinialean molecular tree. Maximum Likelihood (ML) tree (–ln=62.863,31) of 89 Peridiniales operational taxonomic units (OTUs; plus 42 Amphidomataceae as outgroup, not shown) under the GTR+Γ substitution model. For alignment constitution, we defined three regions of the rRNA: SSU, ITS, LSU, and included all Peridiniales, of which sequence information in all three regions were available. Freshwater lineages are shaded in green, and the Peridiniopsidaceae, fam. nov., with its type species, Peridiniopsis borgei, are highlighted. Branch lengths are drawn to scale, with the scale bar indicating the number of nucleotide substitutions per site. The numbers on the branches are statistical support values (above: ML bootstrap values derived from 1.000 non-parametric replicates, values <50 are not shown; below: Bayesian posterior probabilities derived from two independent analyses of four chains with 20.000.000 cycles, sampled every 1.000th cycle, values <.90 are not shown). Asterisks indicate maximal support. Abbreviations: BLA: Blastodiniaceae. E/Pe: clade including Ensiculifera and Pentapharsodinium. HET: Heterocapsaceae. KRY: Kryptoperidiniaceae. PER: Peridiniaceae. T/Pf: clade including Pfiesteria and Thoracosphaera. ZOO: Zooxanthellaceae.
FIGURE 1 in To be or not to be: On the usefulness of infraspecific names in Heterocapsa steinii (Heterocapsaceae, Peridiniales)
FIGURE 1. Illustrations of infraspecific variations within Heterocapsa steinii (reprinted from Lindemann 1920, 1924a), with interpretative plate labelling. A. 'Heterocapsa triquetra' sensu Stein (1883) in the interpretation of Lindemann (1924a, b). B. Heterocapsa triquetra [var. triquetra] forma apiculata, nom. illeg. (note that this illustration is not provided by Lindemann 1924a and is here interpreted based on his description, with the APC highlighted as red circle). C. Heterocapsa triquetra var. litoralis (lectotype); the dashed line indicates (wrongly) the original form in the interpretation of Lindemann (1924a, b; see Fig. 1A). D. Heterocapsa triquetra var. litoralis forma apiculata (lectotype). Note that Fig. 1A–C are probably inexistent in nature and that Fig. 1D cannot be differentiated from Heterocapsa steinii (Tillmann et al. 2017).
FIGURE 1 in Glenodinium triquetrum Ehrenb. is a species not of Heterocapsa F.Stein but of Kryptoperidinium Er.Lindem. (Kryptoperidiniaceae, Peridiniales)
FIGURE 1. Maximum Likelihood (ML) tree of 46 Kryptoperidiniaceae operational taxonomic units, derived from the comparison of concatenated rRNA sequences (cut-off from Kretschmann et al. 2018, with all available sequences of Kryptoperidinium included). Branch lengths are drawn to scale, with the scale bar indicating the number of nt substitutions per site. The numbers on the branches are ML bootstrap values (values <50 are not shown). Asterisks indicate maximal support. Numbers of cingular plates are indicated (as far as such information is available).
FIGURE 2 in Glenodinium triquetrum Ehrenb. is a species not of Heterocapsa F.Stein but of Kryptoperidinium Er.Lindem. (Kryptoperidiniaceae, Peridiniales)
FIGURE 2. Morphology of Kryptoperidinium cf. triquetrum, comb. nov. (strain GeoB 459 from the Mediterranean Sea). Plates are labelled using the Kofoidean system (A: light microscopy, B–C: calcofluor white staining). A. ventral view. B. ventral view. C. dorsal view. Scale bars = 5 μm.
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