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7 results for “Permian-Triassic mass extinction”
Heterogeneous selectivity and morphological evolution of marine clades during the Permian-Triassic mass extinction
<p>This is a supplementary repository, including the dataset and codes we used in this manuscript. we developed a new method, called DeepMorph to analyze the morphological evolution of six marine clades (i.e., ammonoids, bivalves, brachiopods, gastropods, ostracods, and conodonts ) during the Permian-Triassic mass extinction events. The taxonomy dataset was uploaded and contains 599 genera and 656 images, spanning from the latest Permian (Changhsingian) to the earliest Triassic (Induan). </p>
Timing and provenance of volcanic fluxes around the Permian-Triassic Boundary Mass Extinction in South China: U-Pb zircon geochronology, volcanic ash geochemistry and mercury isotopes
<p>The enclosed dataset contains all of the raw data supporting the results presented in the paper titled: <strong>"Timing and provenance of volcanic fluxes around the Permian-Triassic Boundary Mass Extinction in South China: U-Pb zircon geochronology, volcanic ash geochemistry and mercury isotopes". </strong></p> <p>The Excel data file contains four data sheets as follows: </p> <p>1. Table S1: This sheet contains the U-Pb output table from ETRedux. The data sheet contains all the U and Pb isotopic data generated for the current study.</p> <p>2. Table S2: This excel sheet contains the geochemical compositions of analyzed volcanic ash beds as well as LOI-normalized major element compositions of these ashes.</p> <p>3. Table S3: This excel sheet contains the other geochemical and isotope data for all analyzed samples. This includes Hg concentration and isotope compositions, TOC data, as well as major and trace element concentrations and ratios.</p> <p>4. a final table containing the analyzed Hg isotope compositions for the utilized standard reference materials - ETH Fluka, UM-Almaden, NIST 1632D and MESS-3.</p>
Size variations in foraminifers from the Early Permian to the Late Triassic: implications for the Guadalupian-Lopingian and the Permian-Triassic mass extinctions
<p>The final 10 Myr of the Paleozoic saw two of the biggest biologic crises in Earth history: the Middle Permian extinction (often termed the Guadalupian-Lopingian extinction, GLE) that was followed 7–8 Myr later by Earth's most catastrophic loss of diversity, the Permian-Triassic mass extinction (PTME). These crises are not only manifest as sharp decreases in biodiversity and - particularly for the PTME - total ecosystem collapse, but they also drove major changes in biological morphological characteristics such as the Lilliput effect. The evolution of test size among different clades of foraminifera during these two extinction events has been less studied. We analyzed a global database of foraminiferal test size (volume) including 20226 specimens in 464 genera, 98 families, and 9 suborders from 632 publications. Our analyses reveal significant reductions in foraminiferal mean test size across the Guadalupian-Lopingian boundary (GLB) and the Permian-Triassic boundary (PTB), from 8.89 to 7.60 log10 μm3 (lg μm3), and from 7.25 to 5.82 lg μm3, respectively. The decline in test size across the GLB is a function of preferential extinction of genera exhibiting gigantism such as fusulinoidean fusulinids. Other clades show little change in size across the GLB. In contrast, all Lopingian suborders in our analysis (Fusulinina, Lagenina, Miliolina, and Textulariina) experienced a significant decrease in test size across the PTB mainly due to size-biased extinction and within-lineage change. The PTME was clearly a major catastrophe that affected many groups simultaneously, and the GLE was more selective, perhaps hinting at a subtler, less extreme driver than the later PTME.</p>
Research Data for 'Oxic conditions in shallow marine settings during the Permian-Triassic Mass Extinction'
<p>Complete geochemical data set for Siusi/Seis including bulk major, minor and trace element data as well as TOC and mercury content.</p>
Body size and geographic distribution of foraminiferal specimens during the Frasnian-Famennian (Frasnian), Guadalupian-Lopingian (Capitanian), Permian-Triassic (Changhsingian), Triassic-Jurassic (Rhaetian), and Cretaceous-Paleogene (Maastrichtian) mass extinctions.
<p>This dataset is about body size and geographic distribution of foraminiferal specimens during the Frasnian-Famennian (Frasnian), Guadalupian-Lopingian (Capitanian), Permian-Triassic (Changhsingian), Triassic-Jurassic (Rhaetian), and Cretaceous-Paleogene (Maastrichtian) mass extinctions.</p> <p>Foraminiferal body size data collection</p> <p>First, we collected published papers with foraminiferal images from the Frasnian (382.7-372.2 Ma), Capitanian (264.28-259.51 Ma), Changhsingian (254.14-251.902 Ma), Rhaetian (208.5-201.3 Ma), and Maastrichtian (72.1-66.1 Ma). Second, we measured two primary axes of specimens, such as maximum length and height in a conical or cylindrical shell. For some specimens, where there is no way to measure the length of both axes, we calculate the length of the unknown axis based on the aspect ratio of the type species. Third, we used the test volume as a standard indicator of body size, taking into account the diversity of foraminiferal morphology. Finally, the test volumes were calculated on a logarithmic scale with base 10 due to large individual differences, and the specific calculation is shown in Feng et al. (2020).</p>
Size variations in foraminifers from the Early Permian to the Late Triassic: implications for the Guadalupian-Lopingian and the Permian-Triassic mass extinctions
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Data from: The rise of the ruling reptiles and ecosystem recovery from the Permian-Triassic mass extinction
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