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6 results for “Phyciodes”
Data from: Genomic integrity of Phyciodes butterfly species in a region of contact (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae)
<p>Crescent butterflies of the <em>Phyciodes tharos </em>group have a long-standing reputation for taxonomic difficulty.<em> </em>We assessed species boundaries in the <em>P. tharos </em>group using genome-wide SNP data, focusing on sampling in western Canada where four species (<em>P. tharos</em>, <em>P. cocyta</em>, <em>P. pulchella,</em> and <em>P. batesii</em>) have classically been recognized. Phylogenetic and cluster-based analyses confirm that there are indeed four species based on the maintenance of genomic integrity in the presence of occasional hybridization and low levels of gene flow. Mitochondrial COI does not consistently distinguish species, with haplotypes extensively shared between species. Here, we provide data matrices and tree files from the phylogenetic and cluster-based analyses.</p>
Examination of the status of Phyciodes tharos distincta Bauer, 1975, confirming it as a valid subspecies.
<p>The subspecific status of <i>Phyciodes tharos distincta</i> is reexamined. A specimen series from southern Arizona reveals that <i>distincta </i>shows a distinct, unique phenotype dissimilar from eastern North American nominotypical <i>P. t. tharos</i>. Subspecies <i>distincta </i>occupies a very limited range in extreme southeastern California, southern Arizona, and northwestern Mexico. A lectotype is designated.</p>
Data from: Genomic integrity of Phyciodes butterfly species in a region of contact (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae)
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Fig. 3 in Genomic integrity of Phyciodes butterfly species in a region of contact (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae)
Fig. 3. Principal component analysis of 1,477 SNPs for 152 individuals. (A) The first two dimensions show P. pulchella as the most genetically distinct, with P. batesii intermediate between P. cocyta and P. pulchella. Two potential F1 hybrid individuals each appear between their likely parental species. (B) The third dimension shows P. batesii as genetically distinct from the other 3 species.
Fig. 2 in Genomic integrity of Phyciodes butterfly species in a region of contact (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae)
Fig. 2. (A) Maximum likelihood consensus tree of 2443 SNPs for 156 individuals. Branches with <50% UFBoot support are collapsed and support of> 75% is indicated on branches. (B) STRUCTURE analyses of 1,477 SNPs with individuals aligned to SNP tree. (C) Membership in haplotype groups (Wahlberg et al. 2003a) from ML analysis of 633 bp of COI (Supplementary Fig. S2), with individuals aligned to SNP tree. Butterflies images are courtesy of Norbert Kondla.
Fig. 1 in Genomic integrity of Phyciodes butterfly species in a region of contact (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae)
Fig. 1. Range map for the Phyciodes tharos group of butterflies. Distributions shown are based on Layberry et al. (1998), Wahlberg et al. (2003a), Brock and Kaufman (2006), iNaturalist (2020) (research grade data only), and Lotts and Naberhaus (2020). White dots show sampling locations (details in Supplementary Table S1). Map on right shows expansion of Alberta, the region with the most intensive sampling, with black stars for locations of major cities: Edmonton and Calgary. Butterfly images are courtesy of Norbert Kondla.
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