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2,732 results for “Physiology”
Effects of Prey Availability on Sarracenia Physiology at Harvard Forest 2005
Allometric relationships exist between maximal mass-based net photosynthetic rates, leaf mass per unit area, and foliar Nitrogen (N) and Phosphorus (P) content, which hold across a diverse spectrum of over 2500 plant species worldwide. Carnivorous plants depart from this spectrum because they dedicate substantial leaf area to capturing prey, from which they derive N and P under very nutrient-limiting situations. We conducted a manipulative feeding experiment to test whether morphological and physiological allometric relationships of carnivorous plants when nutrients are not limiting are more similar to allometric relationships of non-carnivorous plants. We examined the effects of prey availability on photosynthetic rate (Amass), chlorophyll fluorescence, growth, architecture, and foliar nutrient and chlorophyll content of ten pitcher plant (Sarracenia) species. We tested the hypothesis that increased prey availability would stimulate Amass of one or more leaves, increase photosynthetic N- and P-use efficiencies (PNUEN, PNUEP), increase relative biomass allocation to photosynthetically efficient, non-predatory phyllodes rather than pitchers, increase overall plant biomass, and reduce stress-related chlorophyll fluorescence. This is the first multi-species, controlled feeding experiment using realistic prey treatments, measuring these physiological parameters directly, and elucidating mechanisms of nutrient stoichiometry and allometry in carnivorous plants. Increased prey availability increased chlorophyll content, Amass and photosystem efficiency (the Fv/Fm ratio) across the 10 Sarracenia species. These increases were most evident in younger leaves, as older leaves rapidly translocated nutrients to newer, growing tissues. Better-fed plants produced a significantly higher proportion of phyllodes than controls. Higher prey availability was associated with lower N:P ratios, and a shift from P- to N-limitation. PNUEP was significantly enhanced by supplementary feeding, w
Physiological Model of CO2 Exchange by Hemlock Forests at Harvard Forest 1996-2000
A physiological model of carbon (C) exchange for a mature hemlock forest was developed, with separate component models for net photosynthesis (Pn), leaf respiration (Rl) , woody tissue respiration (Rw) and soil respiration (Rs). The model estimated that about 1.2 Mg C/ha was stored above and below ground between November 1, 1997 and October 31, 1998. This was generally a wet year with a wet and cloudy summer, except during August, which probably influenced the model output significantly. The whole-forest C exchange model estimated that most C storage in the forest occurred in spring. Warm temperatures with high soil moisture caused whole-forest respiration to exceed Pn during the summer, leading to a net C loss from the ecosystem. Leaf-level light-saturated Pn reached a maximum at about 20 deg C, then remained stable up to about 30 deg C, but at lower light levels Pn decreased above 20 deg C. This contributed to the lack of carbon storage during the summer, when the warmest days reached 30 to 32 deg C. Soil respiration was estimated at 60 to 75% of total ecosystem respiration, and during summer Rs increased exponentially with soil temperature with a Q10 of 3.8, so that from July through September, monthly Rs alone was 73 to 88% of total canopy Pn (Estimated monthly Rs ranged from 1.14 to 1.68 Mg/ha and estimated monthly Pn was 1.29 to 2.06 Mg/ha in July through September). A second major control on carbon storage by the hemlock forest was daily minimum temperature in spring and fall. There was no measurable Pn after daily minimum temperatures of -5 deg C or lower, although no effect of minimum temperature on Pn was observed for temperatures above 0 deg C.
The effects the mode of delivery of microcystin-LR has on rusty crayfish (Faxonius rusticus) behavior and physiology
Microcystin is a deadly toxin produced during algal blooms. The cells release MCLR which can cause significant neurological and behavioral damage to organisms exposed to the toxin. MCLR can exist in the water column and in the sediment and through normal ecological processes move between those two states or location. Given the location of the toxin, it is possible that MCLR in the sediment could have different adverse effects on organisms as opposed to when the toxin is in the water column. We tested that idea using crayfish that were exposed to either nothing, a vehicle to carry the mclr, and mclr. In addition, the toxin and vehicle were dosed either in the water column or in the sediment. Behavioral and physiological measures were taken after 4 days of exposure, The results indicate that at both the behavioral and physiological level, the location of the toxin has different adverse effects.
Endurance swimming performance and physiology of juvenile Green Sturgeon (Acipenser medirostris) at different temperatures, CA, 2022
This dataset provides information on the endurance swimming performance and physiological responses of juvenile Green Sturgeon (Acipenser medirostris), reared and tested at the University of California, Davis, in 2022. Fish were acclimated to two temperature treatments (13°C and 18°C) for 14 days prior to swimming trials. Endurance tests were conducted at 47–53 days post-hatch (DPH) in modified swim tunnels at fixed water velocities (25–55 cm s⁻¹) to measure time-to-fatigue (End.min), station-holding behavior (Station_holding), and swimming type (Swim.type). Fish morphometrics (e.g., weight, fork length, total length) were recorded before trials. Post-swim physiological analyses included whole-body measurements of cortisol, glucose, lactate, and protein. Tissue homogenates were processed to determine concentrations normalized to fish weight (e.g., Cortisol_ng_g, Glucose_ug_g, Lactate_ug_g). Standard curves showed high assay linearity (R² > 0.98) and low variability (CV < 10%). This dataset contributes to understanding sturgeon endurance and physiological stress under different environmental conditions, providing insights into their resilience to temperature and flow changes relevant to river management and conservation efforts. Variables include: species, developmental stage (DPH), rearing and trial conditions (tank, temperature, velocity), fish morphometrics (weight, fork length, total length), and physiological metrics (cortisol, protein, glucose, and lactate).
Size-Fractionated Chlorophyll a, Primary Productivity, and Photosynthetic Physiological Parameters of Phytoplankton in the Cosmonaut Sea, Southern Ocean, During Summer 2022
This dataset provides vertical distribution profiles of size-fractionated phytoplankton parameters measured in the Cosmonaut Sea, a marginal ice zone in the Southern Ocean, during the austral summer of 2022. Sampling was conducted across multiple stations spanning latitudes from approximately 33°N to 60°N and longitudes from -62°E to -67°E, focusing on surface and subsurface waters up to depths of about 40 meters. The data capture key aspects of phytoplankton physiology and productivity in this dynamic polar environment, influenced by seasonal ice melt and nutrient availability. Parameters include chlorophyll a concentrations (Chl a), primary productivity indicators such as maximum photosynthetic rates (PBm), photosynthetic efficiency (α), saturation irradiance (Ek), and integrated gross primary productivity (IGPPeu), all differentiated by size fractions: net phytoplankton (>20 μm), nano- and pico-phytoplankton (<20 μm), and total community. Additional measurements encompass photosynthetically active radiation (PAR) and mixed layer depths, providing context for light and stratification effects on phytoplankton dynamics. Data were derived from in situ incubations and fluorometric analyses, with values reported for discrete depths at each station to highlight vertical gradients in biomass and photosynthetic performance. This completed dataset is particularly valuable for studies on polar marine ecosystems, carbon cycling, and climate-driven changes in phytoplankton communities, offering insights into how size-structured assemblages respond to environmental gradients in the Southern Ocean. It does not include taxonomic details beyond general phytoplankton groupings but emphasizes physiological metrics for modeling primary production in ice-influenced regions.
Physiological Ecology of Euryhaline Chironomid Midges in Cape Cod MA 2002-2003
In summer, 2002, hundreds of thousands of salt-tolerant midges (Chironomus decorus group, Diptera, Chironomidae) emerged from Pilgrim Lake/East Harbor, Truro, MA. The lake is a former estuary but has been separated from the sea for over 150 years by restrictions associated with railroad and highway construction. Brackish conditions caused by leaky tide gates designed to drain excess freshwater from the lake, coupled with high nutrient levels exacerbated by a massive fish kill the previous year, created conditions that supported densities of midge larvae of more than 5,000/m2 and produced a severe public nuisance in the vicinity of the lake when the adult midges emerged. The emergence coincided with National Park Service efforts to increase tidal flow into the lake, as part of a long-term commitment to restoration of restricted coastal waters within the Cape Cod National Seashore. We are studying the effects of increased tidal flow on midge populations, and in particular evaluating how high salinities need to be to reduce the potential for further nuisance outbreaks of the midges.
The physiological effects of non-invasive brain stimulation fundamentally differ across the human cortex
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Behavioral, physiological, and neural signatures of surprise during naturalistic sports viewing
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Unravelling the physiological and psychosocial signatures of pain by machine learning
<p>These datasets include information from 118 subjects, with 81 chronic pain patients across three different cohorts, Complex Regional Pain Syndrome (CRPS), Low Back Pain (LBP) and Spinal Cord Injury with Neuropathic Pain (SCI NP) and 37 healthy subjects. Each participant underwent 40 repetitions of experimentally induced pain, resulting in a total of 4,697 pain trials. Physiological signals (EDA and EEG) and psychosocial information have been recorded and collected. Age, gender, height, weight, BMI, medications, fatigue, sleep quality, perceived health, quality of life, sleep quality, and sick leave and validated questionnaires: Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS), Pain Catastrophizing Score (PCS), and Pain Self-Efficacy Questionnaire (PSEQ) and Multidimensional Assessment of Interoceptive Awareness (MAIA).</p> <p>This information has been used for the publication "Unravelling the physiological and psychosocial signatures of pain by machine learning".</p> <p><span><em><strong>Cite this dataset as:</strong></em></span><br>N. Gozzi, G. Preatoni, F. Ciotti, M. Hubli, P. Schweinhardt, A. Curt, S. Raspopovic, Unraveling the physiological and psychosocial signatures of pain by machine learning. Med 0 (2024). <a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.medj.2024.07.016" target="_blank" rel="noopener">10.1016/j.medj.2024.07.016</a></p> <p> </p> <p> </p>
Endurance swimming performance and physiology of juvenile sturgeon at different temperatures, 2022-2024
Endurance swimming trials were conducted on both Green Sturgeon (Acipenser medirostris) and White Sturgeon (Acipenser transmontanus) across multiple size classes to assess the effects of temperature and velocity on swimming performance. Fish were exposed to various water temperatures for at least 14 days and swam at fixed-water velocities (cm/s) in controlled swim tunnels. Data were collected on parameters such as species, size class, trial temperature, velocity, recovery time, time-to-fatigue, swim type classifications, and whether the trials were completed. Additional metadata included fish morphometrics such as fork length, total length, weight, and trial dates, enabling comparisons across species, size, and treatment conditions. Physiological responses were measured post-swimming to evaluate the impacts of endurance trials on the smallest size class of Green Sturgeon (5cm fork length): - In 2022, whole-body cortisol, glucose, and lactate concentrations were measured immediately following endurance trials (0 min recovery). - In 2023, recovery dynamics were incorporated, with physiological responses assessed at multiple time points (0 min, 15 min, 30 min, and 60 min post-trial). - In 2022 and 2023 the baseline physiological metrics (whole-body cortisol, glucose, and lactate concentrations) of control fish (not subjected to swimming trials) were measured across all temperatures, years, species, and size classes. This dataset provides information on sturgeon swimming performance under varied temperature conditions, as well as the associated physiological stress responses, offering valuable insights into their endurance capabilities and recovery processes. The findings can inform conservation strategies, habitat management, and aquaculture practices for these ecologically and economically important species.
Mangrove leaf physiological response to local climate at Key Largo, Watson River Chickee, Taylor Slough, and Little Rabbit Key, South Florida (FCE) from July 2001 to August 2001
Determine the red mangrove leaf physiological response to the local climate to understand the local controls on plant physiology. Data were collected in the Key Largo Ranger Station, Watson River Chickee and Taylor Slough research Sites, South Florida.
A high resolution 7-Tesla resting-state fMRI test-retest dataset with cognitive and physiological measures
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Data from: Thermal niches of wheat curl mite, Aceria tosichella (Acari: Eriophyidae): congruence between physiological and geographical distribution data
<p><strong>Filename: parm.csv</strong></p> <p>Population growth rate of the two wheat curl mite (WCM) lineages reared in different temperatures.</p> <ol> <li>lineage - mitochondrial lineage (MT-1 or MT-8)</li> <li>temp - the rearing temperature (ºC)</li> <li>n - no. of replications of the experiment</li> <li>r, r.lower, r.upper - estimated intrinsic population growth rate and its 95% confidence intervals</li> </ol> <p><strong>Filename: aceria.csv</strong></p> <p>Data on field sampling localities, WCM abundance and thermal niche suitabiity.</p> <ol> <li>julian - Julian date</li> <li>x, y - geodetic coordinates (EPSG: 2180)</li> <li>stems - no. of stems collected</li> <li>MT1, MT8- mitochondrial lineage (MT-1 or MT-8)</li> <li>TNS1, TNS8 - thermal niche suitability for lineages</li> </ol>
Catching the audience in a job interview: Effects of emotion regulation strategies on subjective, physiological, and behavioural responses
<p>Dataset used in the publication: Santos, A. C., Arriaga, P., & Simões, C. (2021). Catching the audience in a job interview: Effects of emotion regulation strategies on subjective, physiological, and behavioural responses. Biological Psychology, 162, 108089. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biopsycho.2021.108089" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biopsycho.2021.108089</a></p> <p>Includes: data in SPSS and CSV and codebook. </p> <p>In the emotion regulation process more than one strategy is often used, though studies continue to rely on the manipulation of one strategy alone. This study compares the effects of Combined Cognitive Reappraisal (CCR: acceptance and reappraise via perspective-taking) and suppression using the Trier Social Stress Test (TSST). One hundred participants were randomly assigned to one of the two groups and subjective, physiological, and behavioural data were recorded. Continuous electrocardiography was recorded to measure heart rate variability (HRV) and stress levels. Affective ratings were provided before and after the TSST. Behavioural expressions were videotaped and analysed independently. Trait social anxiety/fear, age and gender entered as covariates. Although no group differences were found on affective ratings, the CCR group presented less physiological stress, higher HRV, their speech was better perceived, displayed more affiliative smile and hand gestures. Results suggested that CCR is more appropriate than suppression for managing social stress situations.</p>
Deleterious effects of thermal and water stresses on life history and physiology: a case study on woodlouse
<p>Datasets and R source code of the article Depeux C, Branger A, Moulignier T, Moreau J, Lemaître J-F, Dechaume-Moncharmont F-X, Laverre T, Paulhac H, Gaillard J-M, Beltran-Bech S (2023) Deleterious effects of thermal and water stresses on life history and physiology: a case study on woodlouse. <strong><em>Peer Community Journal</em></strong> 3:e7 http://dx.doi.org/<a href="https://doi.org/10.24072/pcjournal.228">10.24072/pcjournal.228</a></p> <p>This article previously appeared as preprint Depeux C, Branger A, Moulignier T, Moreau J, Lemaître J-F, Dechaume-Moncharmont F-X, Laverre T, Pauhlac H, Gaillard J-M, Beltran-Bech S (2022) Deleterious effects of thermal and water stresses on life history and physiology: a case study on woodlouse. <em><strong>bioRxiv</strong>, 2022.09.26.509512 </em> https://doi.org/10.1101/2022.09.26.509512</p> <p><em>Peer-reviewed and recommended by <strong>Peer Community in Ecology</strong>: </em> Belsare A (2022) An experimental approach for understanding how terrestrial isopods respond to environmental stressors. <em>Peer Community in Ecology, 100506. </em><a href="https://doi.org/10.24072/pci.ecology.100506"><strong>https://doi.org/10.24072/pci.ecology.100506</strong></a></p>
Physiological and biochemical data for an experiment examining transgenerational effects in response to MHWs in S. purpuratus from the Santa Barbara Channel
Kelp forests of the Santa Barbara Channel have experienced prolonged marine heatwave (MHW) events that overlap in time with the phenology of life history events (e.g., gametogenesis and spawning) of marine invertebrates. To study the effect of thermal stress from MHWs during gametogenesis in the purple sea urchin (Strongylocentrotus purpuratus), adult urchins were acclimated to two conditions in the laboratory – a MHW (18°C) and a non-MHW (13°C) temperature at a time when gametogenesis would occur in situ. Following a four-month long acclimation period (October– January), adults were spawned and offspring from each parental condition were reared at MHW and non-MHW temperatures, creating a total of four offspring treatments. To assess for transgenerational effects in gamete traits, we measured egg size and biochemical composition. In addition, evidence of transgenerational effects was assessed by measuring embryo size and thermal tolerance of the progeny. Results indicated that MHW temperatures did affect life history traits. MHW-acclimated females had eggs with higher protein concentrations. Additionally, maternal thermal history influenced embryo body size at multiple stages of development while offspring developmental temperatures influenced body size only at the prism stage. Lastly, embryos from MHW-acclimated females were more thermally tolerant with higher LT50 values as compared to progeny from non-MHW-acclimated females. Overall, results showed that the thermal history of female S. purpuratus and developmental temperature influenced offspring traits and performance indicating that prolonged thermal stress, when it occurs during critical life history events, could influence reproductive success in situ. Moreover, our results suggest that transgenerational acclimation may aid in the capacity to resist the thermal stress associated with MHWs during early development in S. purpuratus.
SLP01 Leaf physiology in response to fire and climate within Cornus drummondii shrubs at Konza prairie
Woody encroachment threatens the loss of remaining grasslands. Clonal shrubs are of particular concern because of their ability to resprout after disturbance, spread vegetatively, and share resources among interconnected stems. These traits contribute to the encroachment of deep-rooted clonal shrubs in tallgrass prairie. In this study, we investigated how leaf physiological traits differ among interconnected stems within a dominant encroaching shrub in tallgrass prairie, Cornus drummondii. Accounting for intra-clonal differences among stems in response to disturbance may be useful to more accurately parameterize models that predict the effects of shrub encroachment on ecosystem processes. Gas exchange rates, water potential, carbon isotopes, and leaf traits were collected from the periphery to the center of discrete C. drummondii shrubs. Measurements took place in the summers of 2015 and 2018
Acclimation to water restriction implies different paces for behavioral and physiological responses in a lizard species
<p>Raw data of the article "Acclimation to Water Restriction Implies Different Paces for Behavioral and Physiological Responses in a Lizard Species" by Rozen-Rechels D. et al., published in Physiological and Biochemical Zoology 93(2):160-174 in 2020 (https://doi.org/10.1086/707409). These data are freely available in csv format. See the readme file for metadata explanation.</p> <p>Data were formatted by the first author David Rozen-Rechels and collected according to standards and procedures described in the companion journal article.</p> <p> </p>
Physiological parameters for three farm animal species (cattle, sheep, and swine) as the basis for the development of generic physiologically based kinetic models
<p><strong>IMPORTANT : PLEASE DISREGARD VERSION 1 OF THIS UPLOAD SINCE IT INCLUDES ERRONEOUS INFORMATION.</strong></p> <p>This excel file (DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.3433224) provides physiological parameters and their inter-individual variability (mean, coefficient of variation, sample size) for three farm animal species: cattle (<em>Bos taurus</em>), sheep (<em>Ovis aries</em>), and swine (<em>Sus scrofa domesticus</em>). These physiological parameters were estimated based on the results of extensive literature searches and specific experimental data described in Lautz et al., (2020). This file is associated with R codes (DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.3432796) for generic PBK models, partition coefficient Quantitative Structure Activity Relationship (QSAR) models for each farm animal species and parameterisation of the model.</p> <p>The full data collection and implementation of the models using case studies are described in Lautz et al., 2020 (10.1016/j.toxlet.2019.10.008).</p>
Management and plant physiology data for grassland sites in Germany
<p>Management and vegetation data for sites Fendt (DE-Fen), Rottenbuch (DE-RbW) and Graswang (DE-Gwg) in Southern Germany, observed between 2012 and 2017. Weekly resolution vegetation traits are included for 2015.</p> <p>The sites are part of TERENO, a network of observatories in Germany. The time period includes the ScaleX intensive observation campaigns that took place in 2015 and 2016. The data format is NetCDF4. A Jupyter notebook is available (see Related identifiers, GitLab) with technical notes and examples. </p>
ScienceDex guides
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These curated guides explain access requirements, typical timelines, costs, and reuse considerations for widely used research datasets.
Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.