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11 results for “Phytophthora cinnamomi”
Impact of Phytophthora cinnamomi on the taxonomic and functional diversity of forest plants in a mediterranean-type biodiversity hotspot
<p class="MsoNormal"><strong>Aim</strong></p> <p class="MsoNormal">Diversity-rich mediterranean-type sclerophyllous forests are home to 20% of described species on Earth. In the <em>Eucalyptus marginata</em> (jarrah) forest of southwest of Western Australia diversity is being reduced by extensive human use and the introduction of the plant pathogen <em>Phytophthora cinnamomi</em>. This study investigated the influence of <em>P. cinnamomi </em>infestation on the structure, taxonomic and functional diversity, and species composition of the forest.</p> <p class="MsoNormal"><strong>Location</strong>: Jarrah forest of southwestern Australia</p> <p class="MsoNormal"><strong>Methods</strong></p> <p class="MsoNormal">Species<strong> </strong>abundance, understorey cover and canopy cover were assessed along 22, 30-m long transects which crossed infested and non-infested zones in five reserves in the jarrah forest. A trait database was assembled for 137 plants using 13 traits related to nutrient- and carbon acquisition, disturbance tolerance and reproduction. The responses of canopy cover, understorey cover, species richness, Shannon diversity, evenness, abundance, and functional diversity for trait groups, and all groups combined were modelled against reserve and zone as fixed effects and transect and transect section as random effects. To assess the species composition, NMDS ordination based on Bray Curtis resemblance and indicator species analyses were used.</p> <p class="MsoNormal"><strong>Results</strong></p> <p class="MsoNormal">Significantly higher understorey cover, species richness, Shannon diversity and evenness were recorded in non-infested compared to infested zones, but there were no changes in the canopy cover and overall abundance. In non-infested zones, the functional diversity of nutrient acquisition and reproductive traits was higher, but the functional diversity of carbon acquisition traits was lower. No difference in functional diversity was recorded in disturbance tolerance and overall traits between the two zones. NMDS ordination and ANOSIM revealed a significant difference in the species composition between the two zones, and 11 indicator species significantly associated with infested and non-infested zones were identified.<strong> </strong></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><strong>Conclusion</strong></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><em>Phytophthora cinnamomi</em> has significantly affected the forest structure, taxonomic and functional diversity, and species composition. Contrasting responses of functional trait groups obscured overall trait responses to <em>P. cinnamomi.</em></p>
Impact of Phytophthora cinnamomi on the taxonomic and functional diversity of forest plants in a mediterranean-type biodiversity hotspot
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Data from: Current and projected global distribution of Phytophthora cinnamomi, one of the world's worst plant pathogens
Globally, Phytophthora cinnamomi is listed as one of the 100 worst invasive alien species and active management is required to reduce impact and prevent spread in both horticulture and natural ecosystems. Conversely, there are regions thought to be suitable for the pathogen where no disease is observed. We developed a CLIMEX model for the global distribution of P. cinnamomi based on the pathogen's response to temperature and moisture and by incorporating extensive empirical evidence on the presence and absence of the pathogen. The CLIMEX model captured areas of climatic suitability where P. cinnamomi occurs that is congruent with all available records. The model was validated by the collection of soil samples from asymptomatic vegetation in areas projected to be suitable by the model for which there were few records. DNA was extracted and the presence or absence of P. cinnamomi determined by high throughput sequencing (HTS). While not detected using traditional isolation methods, HTS detected P. cinnamomi at higher elevations in eastern Australia and central Tasmania as projected by the CLIMEX model. Further support for the CLIMEX model was obtained by using the large dataset from southwest Australia where the proportion of positive records in an area is related to the Ecoclimatic Index value for the same area. We provide for the first time a comprehensive global map of the current P. cinnamomi distribution, an improved CLIMEX model of the distribution, and a projection to 2080 of the distribution with predicted climate change. This information provides the basis for more detailed regional scale modelling and supports risk assessment for governments to plan management of this important soil-borne plant pathogen.
Metabolome analysis and immunity of Phlomis purpurea against Phytophthora cinnamomi
<p><strong>Abstract</strong></p> <p> </p> <p><em>Phlomis purpurea</em> is spontaneous in the southern Iberian Peninsula namely in cork oak (<em>Quercus suber</em>) forests. In a previous transcriptome analysis, we reported on its immunity against<em> Phytophthora cinnamomi</em>. However, little is known about the involvement of secondary metabolites on <em>P. purpurea</em> defence response. It is known though that root exudates are toxic to this pathogen. To understand the involvement of secondary metabolites in the defence of <em>P. purpurea, </em>a metabolome analysis was performed using leaves and roots of plants challenged with the pathogen along 72 h. The compounds putatively identified in challenged plants were constitutively produced. Alkaloids, fatty acids, flavonoids, glucosinolates, polyketides, prenol lipids, phenylpropanoids, sterols and terpenoids, were differentially produced in leaves or roots along the experiment timescale. It must be emphasized the constitutive production of taurine in leaves and its increase soon after challenging which suggests its role in <em>P. purpurea</em> immunity to the stress imposed by the oomycete. The rapid increase of secondary metabolites production by this plant species accounts for a concerted action of multiple compounds and genes on innate protection of <em>P. purpurea</em> against <em>P. cinnamomi</em>. The combination of metabolome with the transcriptome data previously disclosed, confirms the mentioned auto-immunity of this plant to a devastating pathogen and suggests its potential as antagonist for phytopathogens biological control opening a way for its application in green forestry / agriculture.</p>
Data from: Current and projected global distribution of Phytophthora cinnamomi, one of the world’s worst plant pathogens
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Gene validation and remodelling using proteogenomics of Phytophthora cinnamomi, the causal agent of Dieback
<p>This spectral data is in support for the manuscript 'Gene validation and remodelling using proteogenomics of Phytophthora cinnamomi, the causal agent of Dieback'. This data was used to detect errors in the draft genome and curate previously undescribed genes in the <em>Phytophthora cinnamomi</em> genome. </p>
Gene validation and remodelling using proteogenomics of Phytophthora cinnamomi, the causal agent of Dieback
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Transcriptome response of avocado roots subjected to flooding and infection by the oomycete Phytophthora cinnamomi
GEO Series GSE81297. Persea americana. 24 samples. Type: Expression profiling by array.
Transcriptome analysis of an incompatible Persea americana-Phytophthora cinnamomi interaction reveals the involvement of SA- and JA-pathways in a successful defense response
GEO Series GSE119635. Persea americana. 39 samples. Type: Expression profiling by array.
Responses of Zea mays root tissue to inoculation with the necrotrophic root pathogen Phytophthora cinnamomi
GEO Series GSE27626. Zea mays. 12 samples. Type: Expression profiling by array.
The first molecular characterization of Solanum lycopersicum-Phytophthora cinnamomi Rands Phytopathosystem: the essential role of pectin
GEO Series GSE295439. Solanum lycopersicum. 12 samples. Type: Expression profiling by high throughput sequencing.
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OpenNeuro
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