Find research datasets worth reusing

Fig. 10 in Can You Hear Me Now? A Comparative Survey Of Pinniped Auditory Apparatus Morphology

Fig. 10. CT Scans and Reconstructions of the Inner Ear: A — Canis familiaris; B — Eumetopias jubatus with directional labels as follows: Ant — anterior; Dor — dorsal; Med — medial; Pos — posterior. Anatomical labels are: aa — anterior ampulla; ac — anterior semicircular canal; co — cochlea; fc — fenestrae cochleae; fv — fenestrae vestibuli; la — lateral ampulla; lc — lateral semicircular canal; pa — posterior ampulla; pc — posterior semicircular canal (modified from Ekdale, 2013).

Fig. 9 in Can You Hear Me Now? A Comparative Survey Of Pinniped Auditory Apparatus Morphology

Fig. 9. Carnivore Malleus: A — Right, posterior view of Arctocephalus gazella; B — Left, posterior view of Mirounga leonina; C — Right, posterior view of Leptonychotes weddellii; D — Left, posterior view of Lobodon carcinophaga; E — Left, posterior view of Phoca vitulina; F — Right, medial view of Ursus martimus; G — Right, posterior view of Ommatophoca rossii (modified from Loza et al., 2018 a); H — Left, posterior view of Odobenus rosmarus (modified from Kastelein et al., 1996 a); I — Left (but reversed from right side), medial view of Panthera pardus (modified from Wible and Spaulding, 2012).

Fig. 2 in Can You Hear Me Now? A Comparative Survey Of Pinniped Auditory Apparatus Morphology

Fig. 2. Generalized Mammalian Ear: A — Cross-section through a domestic dog (Canis familiaris) showing all three parts of the ear (modified from Ekdale, 2015); B — Inside auditory bulla of a general carnivore. Blue indicates structures of the membranous labyrinth, yellow indicates structures of the bony labyrinth, and red indicates both the tympanic membrane and the (secondary tympanic) membrane spanning the round window (modified from Wang and Tedford, 2008).

Fig. 8 in Can You Hear Me Now? A Comparative Survey Of Pinniped Auditory Apparatus Morphology

Fig. 8. Auditory Ossicles: A — The articulated ossicles of the left ear of a 2-year-old male Pacific walrus, medial view (modified from Kastelein et al., 1996 a); B — Odobenus rosmarus incus, medial view (modified from Kastelein et al., 1996 a); C — Juvenile Ursus martimus incus, medial view; D — Drawing of Phoca vitulina stapes (modified from Doran, 1878); E — Odobenus rosmarus stapes, dorsal view (modified from Kastelein et al., 1996 a).

Fig. 6 in Can You Hear Me Now? A Comparative Survey Of Pinniped Auditory Apparatus Morphology

Fig. 6. Pinniped Basicrania: A — Phoca vitulina; B — Otaria flavescens. Ect — ectotympanic; Ent — entotympanic and red outline; GF — glenoid fossa; JF — jugular foramen; LTE — lateral portion of tubercle of the ectotympanic; MP — mastoid process; OC — occipital condyle; PCC — posterior opening of the carotid canal; PGP — postglenoid process; POP — paroccipital process; SMF — stylomastoid foramen.

Fig. 5 in Can You Hear Me Now? A Comparative Survey Of Pinniped Auditory Apparatus Morphology

Fig. 5. Auditory Bulla Inflatedness. Ventral views of right basicrania of: A — Cystophora cristata, MWNH 187 from Museum Wiesbaden of Natural History; B — Eumetopias jubatus, UWBM 12551 from University of Washington Burke Museum; C — Odobenus rosmarus, UAM 14793 from University of Alaska Mammals; D — Lontra candadensis, UWBM 32217 from University of Washington Burke Museum; E — Phoca vitulina, UWBM 51215 from University of Washington Burke Museum; F — Ursus arctos, UWBM 39422 from University of Washington Burke Museum (modified from https://virtual.imnh.iri.isu.edu).

Fig. 4 in Can You Hear Me Now? A Comparative Survey Of Pinniped Auditory Apparatus Morphology

Fig. 4. External Pinnae of Pinnipeds: A — Phocid; B — Otariid (modified from Nowak, 1991); C — Odobenid (modified from Kastelein et al., 1996 a).

Fig. 3 in Can You Hear Me Now? A Comparative Survey Of Pinniped Auditory Apparatus Morphology

Fig. 3. Drawings of Bony Labyrinths of a Generalized Mammal in Dorsal View. Pitch, roll, and yaw in red on the left labyrinth (modified from Ekdale, 2015).

Fig. 7 in Re-Evaluation Of Morphological Characters Questions Current Views Of Pinniped Origins

Fig. 7. Left lateral view of generalized skeleton of representative pinnipeds: A — otariids; B — odobenids; C — phocids. Dorsal view of left tarsus and metatarsus in D — otariids and E — phocids. Dorsal view of right astragali and calcanea (modified from Howell, 1929; Berta et al., 1999) of: F — otariid; G — odobenids; H — phocid; a — astragalar process and b — calcaneal tubercle. I — left astragalus of Erignathus barbatus (adult female, USNM 16116) in latero-palmar view; J — left calcaneum of Erignathus barbatus (adult female, USNM 16116) in dorsal view.

Fig. 2 in Re-Evaluation Of Morphological Characters Questions Current Views Of Pinniped Origins

Fig. 2. Carnivoran skulls showing location of the alisphenoid canal, indicated by arrows, and alisphenoid groove, indicated by double-headed arrows (modified from Koretsky and Rahmat, 2013) in: A — a representative of generalized otariids; B — Southern seal lion (Otaria byronia); C — brown bear (Ursus arctos); D — devinophocine seal Devinophoca emryi (USNM 553684); E — phocine seal Leptophoca lenis (CMM-V 2021); F — sea otter (Enhydra lutris).

Fig. 1 in Re-Evaluation Of Morphological Characters Questions Current Views Of Pinniped Origins

Fig. 1. Two competing hypotheses regarding phylogenetic relationships among pinnipeds: A — theory of pinniped monophyly proposes common ancestry for all pinnipeds from a terrestrial arctoid (Wyss, 1987; Flynn et al., 1988; Berta et al., 1989); B — alternative view of otarioid diphyly proposes independent origin of otarioid and phocid lineages from different terrestrial arctoid ancestors (Barnes, 1989).

Fig. 11 in Re-Evaluation Of Morphological Characters Questions Current Views Of Pinniped Origins

Fig. 11. Wagner consensus tree of the hypothesized phylogenetic relationships among pinnipeds, generated by Winclada based Hennig86 using 12characters. Tree length 24 maximum steps or 15 minimum steps; consistency index, 0.80; retention index, 0.80. Character states are given in table 1. Diphyly of the pinnipeds proposes independent origin of otarioid (Pacific origin) and phocid (Atlantic origin) lineages from different terrestrial arctoid groups and supports strictly monophyletic clade of walruses, sea lions, and their fossil relatives, excluding phocids.

Fig. 9 in Re-Evaluation Of Morphological Characters Questions Current Views Of Pinniped Origins

Fig. 9. Claws and cartilaginous extensions on the flipper of pinnipeds (modified from Howell, 1930 and Taylor, 1989) of: A — otariids (small claws and large cartilaginous extensions); B — odobenids (cartilaginous extensions of the phalanx and the nails are reduced to small nodules); C — phocids (large claw, even without a small nodules of the cartilaginous extensions); D — lutrines (with well-developed claws).

opencc-by-4.0Dec 2022View details →

FIGURE 1 in Pinniped (Mammalia: Carnivora) fossils from Black Rock, a new late Neogene vertebrate locality in Victoria, Australia

FIGURE 1. The locality of the fossil site at Black Rock. Panels show A) Australasia, B) the Australian state, Victoria, C) Port Phillip Bay, D) Bayside, including Beaumaris and Black Rock.

opencc-by-4.0Dec 2022View details →

FIGURE 3 in Pinniped (Mammalia: Carnivora) fossils from Black Rock, a new late Neogene vertebrate locality in Victoria, Australia

FIGURE 3. The pinniped fossil record in A) Australasia. Site locations in B) Australia and C) New Zealand. D) The stratigraphic record of pinniped fossils, with potential pinniped turnover events. Dark grey shading indicated the timing of the Late Pliocene marine megafauna extinction (Pimiento et al., 2017).

opencc-by-4.0Dec 2022View details →

FIGURE 2. The Black Rock phocid specimens. NMV P254995 in Pinniped (Mammalia: Carnivora) fossils from Black Rock, a new late Neogene vertebrate locality in Victoria, Australia

FIGURE 2. The Black Rock phocid specimens. NMV P254995, right mandible in A) lateral, B) medial, C) dorsal, D) ventral, E) annotated lateral, and F) annotated dorsal views. NMV P254178, phalanx in, G) side, H) ventral, I) opposing side, and J) dorsal views. Scale bar equals 20 mm.

opencc-by-4.0Aug 2020View details →

Fig. 7 in Arthropod parasites of Antarctic and Subantarctic birds and pinnipeds: A review of host-parasite associations

Fig. 7. Distribution of the records of parasitic arthropods in relation to host species and their distribution in the sub-regions of the Antarctic region. Legend: AAP = Antarctic Peninsula (including South Shetland Islands and Palmer Archipelago), AWS = Antarctica Weddell Sea sector, AAT = Antarctica Atlantic Ocean sector (including Bouvet Island), AIW = Antarctica Indian Ocean West sector, AIE = Antarctica Indian Ocean East sector, ARS = Antarctica Ross Sea sector (including Scott and Balleny Islands), APW = Antarctica Pacific Ocean West sector, APE = Antarctica Pacific Ocean East sector (including Peter I Island), SOI = South Orkney Island, SGI = South Georgia Island, SSI = South Sandwich Islands, PEI = Prince Edward Islands, CRI = Crozet Islands, KEI = Kerguelen Islands, HMI = Heard and McDonald Islands.

opencc-by-4.0Aug 2020View details →

Fig. 6 in Arthropod parasites of Antarctic and Subantarctic birds and pinnipeds: A review of host-parasite associations

Fig. 6. Distribution of host species and host-parasite-location records in the Antarctic region, excluding stragglers and contaminants. Legend: (A) avian hosts, (B) pinniped hosts, (C) chewing lice, (D) sucking lice, (E) fleas, (F) ticks, (G) nasal mites, (H) feather mites.