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28 results for “Planothidium”
FIGURE 1. a in Planothidium marganaiensis sp. nov. (Bacillariophyta), a new cavum-bearing species from a karst spring in south-western Sardinia (Italy)
FIGURE 1. a) Geographic location of the San Giovanni spring (San Giovanni karst system), b) south entrance of the San Giovanni cave, c) water abstraction system, d) San Giovanni spring.
FIGURES 2–57 in Planothidium marganaiensis sp. nov. (Bacillariophyta), a new cavum-bearing species from a karst spring in south-western Sardinia (Italy)
FIGURES 2–57. LM. Planothidium marganaiensis G.G.Lai, Ector & C.E.Wetzel sp. nov. Type population from the San Giovanni spring, Sardinia (Italy). Figs 2–28: Rapheless valve (SV) with cavum. Figs 29–32: Girdle views. Figs 33–57: Raphe valve (RV) with shortened striae in the central area.
FIGURES 58–65. SEM. Planothidium marganaiensis G.G in Planothidium marganaiensis sp. nov. (Bacillariophyta), a new cavum-bearing species from a karst spring in south-western Sardinia (Italy)
FIGURES 58–65. SEM. Planothidium marganaiensis G.G.Lai, Ector & C.E.Wetzel sp. nov. Type population from the San Giovanni spring, Sardinia (Italy). Figs 58–62: Rapheless valve (SV). Figs 58–60: External view showing depressions along the apical axis and multiseriate striae. Note the striae continuing shortly onto the valve mantle, without interruption (Figs 58–59). Figs 61–62: Internal view showing the round cavum with a narrow aperture towards the valve mantle. Figs 63–65: Raphe valve (RV). Fig. 63: External view showing multiseriate striae not extended on the valve mantle and distal raphe ends bent unilaterally. Figs 64–65: Internal view showing striae sunken between raised virgae and composed of areolae covered by individual hymenes. Note the proximal external raphe ends slightly deflected into opposite sides and distal raphe terminating on poorly developed helictoglossae, continuing shortly onto the valve mantle.
FIGURES 42–46. SEM micrographs. 42–43. Planothidium frequentissimum. 42. Internal valve view showing the roundish cavum with the narrow opening. 43 in A new species of an unexplored diatom genus: Gomphosphenia minima sp. nov. (Cymbellales, Rhoicospheniaceae)
FIGURES 42–46. SEM micrographs. 42–43. Planothidium frequentissimum. 42. Internal valve view showing the roundish cavum with the narrow opening. 43. External view showing the striae composed of three rows of small rounded areolae, and straight raphe branches with expanded drop–like proximal raphe endings. 44–45. Sellaphora nigri. 44. External valve view showing the bow tie-shaped central area and the 'tear-drop' shaped proximal ends of the raphe. 45. External valve view showing the areoles closest to the raphe being larger and slightly angular, square or nearly rounded, while the marginal areoles become smaller and more circular. 46. Eunotia minor, girdle view. Scale bar = 3 µm.
FIGURES 1–18 in Planothidium sheathii a new monoraphid diatom species from rivers in California, USA
FIGURES 1–18. Planothidium sheathii LM views. Figs 1, 2, 5–9, 11–18 are SV. Figs 3, 4, 10 are RV. The same valve is presented at different focal plane to show the cavum hood aperture on figures 5 and 6, 11 and 12, 13 and 14, 15 and 16, 17 and 18. Figs 8, 9 and 10 are the same frustule. Arrows show cavum hood aperture borders fusion with neighboring virga on SV, arrowheads show more distant central shortened striae on RV. Figs 1–16 from the type locality San Joaquin River. Fig. 7 represents the holotype. Figs 17, 18 from Merced River, California, USA. All scale bars: 5 μm.
FIGURES 25–29. Planothidium sheathii SEM views. Fig. 25 in Planothidium sheathii a new monoraphid diatom species from rivers in California, USA
FIGURES 25–29. Planothidium sheathii SEM views. Fig. 25. Internal view of RV areolae. Figs 26, 27. Detail of cavum aperture. Note the boarders of the aperture attached to neighbor virgae. Fig. 28. External view of SV periphery and mantle. Striae 5–6 seriate, interrupted at valve mantle junction. Note the separated groups of 8–13 rounded areolae, bordered by 2 elongated areolae on mantle in oblique position to each areola group (arrows). Fig. 29. External view of RV periphery and mantle. Striae 5–6 seriate, interrupted at valve mantle junction. Note the separated groups of 7 rounded areolae on mantle (arrows). All figures from the type locality San Joaquin River, California, USA. All scale bars: 1 μm.
FIGURES 19–24. Planothidium sheathii SEM views. Figs 19, 20 in Planothidium sheathii a new monoraphid diatom species from rivers in California, USA
FIGURES 19–24. Planothidium sheathii SEM views. Figs 19, 20. External SV view. Fig. 21. Internal SV view with cavum. Figs 22, 23. External RV view. Note the more distant central shortened striae on secondary side (arrowheads). Fig. 24. Internal RV view. All figures from the type locality San Joaquin River, California, USA. All scale bars: 5 μm.
FIGURE 18 in Lectotypification, emended description and distribution of Planothidium distinctum (Achnanthidiaceae, Bacillariophyceae)
FIGURE 18: Position of lectotype specimen of Planothidium distictum on BP 2210, England Finder H30/3.
FIGURE 33 in Lectotypification, emended description and distribution of Planothidium distinctum (Achnanthidiaceae, Bacillariophyceae)
FIGURE 33. Boxplots (a) of length and width of valves in type and Lake Lia populations, and length-width scatterplot (b) of Planothidium distinctum.
FIGURES 1–17 in Lectotypification, emended description and distribution of Planothidium distinctum (Achnanthidiaceae, Bacillariophyceae)
FIGURES 1–17: Original drawings of Planothidium distinctum and Achnanthes hirta, LM and SEM images from specimens in Messikommer's sample. Fig 5, designated here as lectotype (BP 2210). Figs 1, 2. Reproduction of Messikommer's drawings (1954: 32, pl. 1, figs 2a, 2b). Figs 3, 4. Reproduction of Carter's drawings of Achnanthes hirta (Carter 1970: 609, pl. 1, figs 10, 11). Figs 5, 7–9. Raphe valves in LM. Figs 6, 10. Rapheless valve of Planothidium distinctum in LM. Scale bar = 10 µm. Figs 5 and 6 are of the same specimen each at a different focus. Fig. 11. External view of raphid valve, note the hardly expanded proximal raphe endings. Fig. 12. External view of rapheless valve, note three rows of areolae becoming biseriate towards axial area. Fig. 13. Internal view of rapheless valve. Fig. 14. Whole frustule, external view of rapheless valve. Fig. 15. Internal view of raphid valve. Fig. 16. Details of internal view of valve with poroids on internal edge of mantle; number is exactly 3 x number of striae. Fig. 17. Internal view of rapheless valve with poroids. Note slightly curved valve end. Scale bars = 5 µm for figs 11– 15, 2 µm for figs 16, 17.
FIGURES 19–32 in Lectotypification, emended description and distribution of Planothidium distinctum (Achnanthidiaceae, Bacillariophyceae)
FIGURES 19–32: Planothidium distinctum LM and SEM images of specimens from Lake Lia lacustrine sediment. Figs 19– 20. LM of rapheless valves. Figs 21–28. LM of raphid valves. Fig. 29. External view of raphid valve. Note straight, simple raphe endings. Fig. 30. Internal view of raphe valve, note central raphe endings deflected in opposite directions. Fig. 31. Whole frustule, external view of rapheless valve. Valve and mantle, latter bears row of poroids with number exactly 3 x that of striae. Fig. 32. Internal view of rapheless valve. Scale bars = 10 µm for figs 19–28, 5 µm for figs 29–32.
FIGURES 26–34. Planothidium delicatulum. Figs. 26–32 in Planothidium galaicum sp. nov. (Bacillariophyta, Achnanthidiaceae), a new diatom species from Galician coast, Spain
FIGURES 26–34. Planothidium delicatulum. Figs. 26–32. Kützing's original drawings of Achnanthidium delicatulum presented in his 1844 publication. Figs. 33, 34. Van Heurck's drawings of Achnantes delicatula presented in his 1880–1881 publication. Scale bar: 10 µm.
FIGURES 23–25. Planothidium galaicum. Type population. SEM micrographs. Fig. 23 in Planothidium galaicum sp. nov. (Bacillariophyta, Achnanthidiaceae), a new diatom species from Galician coast, Spain
FIGURES 23–25. Planothidium galaicum. Type population. SEM micrographs. Fig. 23. External view of the rapheless valve. Fig. 24. Internal view of the raphe valve showing the raised sternum and interstriae. Fig. 25. External view of a raphe valve showing de enlarged central pores and the deflected terminal fissures. Scale bar: 2 µm (Figs. 23–25).
FIGURES 2–22. Planothidium galaicum. Type population. Figs. 2–19 in Planothidium galaicum sp. nov. (Bacillariophyta, Achnanthidiaceae), a new diatom species from Galician coast, Spain
FIGURES 2–22. Planothidium galaicum. Type population. Figs. 2–19. LM micrographs. Figs. 20–22. SEM micrographs. Figs. 2–6. Rapheless valves. Figs. 7, 13, 19. Girdle views of an entire frustule. Figs. 8–12, 14–18. Raphe valves. Fig. 20. Internal view of rapheless valve showing the raised sternum and the interstriae. Fig. 21. External view of a rapheless valve showing the spinules developed in the interstriae. Fig. 22. External detail of the apex of the rapheless valve showing the spinules, which are wider in the valve margin. Scale bar: 10 µm (Figs. 2–19), 2 µm (Figs. 20, 21), 1 µm (Fig. 22).
FIGURE 90 in Planothidium incuriatum sp. nov. a widely distributed diatom species (Bacillariophyta) and type analysis of Planothidium biporomum
FIGURE 90. Distribution records of Planothidium incuriatum (black dots) according to the literature (see Table 1). Type localities of P. incuriatum (grey dot) as well as P. biporomum (grey star) are indicated as well.
FIGURES 62–79 in Planothidium incuriatum sp. nov. a widely distributed diatom species (Bacillariophyta) and type analysis of Planothidium biporomum
FIGURES 62–79. Planothidium incuriatum sp. nov. LM views. Pardinho River, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. BR-4316. Figs 62–70. Rapheless valves. Figs 71–79. Raphe valves. Scale bar represents 10 µm.
FIGURES 51–61 in Planothidium incuriatum sp. nov. a widely distributed diatom species (Bacillariophyta) and type analysis of Planothidium biporomum
FIGURES 51–61. Planothidium incuriatum sp. nov. SEM views. 'Croix au Buis' creek (Yvette River basin, Magny-les-Hameaux, France), BR-4315. Fig. 51. External view of rapheless valve. Fig. 52. Internal view of raphe valve. Fig. 53. External view of raphe valve. Fig. 54. Internal view of rapheless valve. Fig. 55. Internal detailed view of raphe valve central area. Fig. 56. External detail of a raphe valve. Two reduced striae at both sides forming an irregular rectangular central area. Drop-like proximal raphe ends. Striae usually formed by three rows of areolae. Fig. 57. Detail of cavum aperture. Open border attached to the neighbour striae. Fig. 58. Detail of raphe ends. Note the groups of two small areolae located in the valve mantle. Fig. 59. Open non-perforated and ligulated connective bands. Figs 60–61. Detail of striae usually triseriate from the rapheless valve, as well as the areolae located in the mantle. Scale bars: Figs 51–53 = 5 µm; Fig. 54 = 10 µm; Figs 55–56, 60 = 4 µm; Figs 57–59 = 3 µm; Fig. 61 = 2 µm.
FIGURES 1–36 in Planothidium incuriatum sp. nov. a widely distributed diatom species (Bacillariophyta) and type analysis of Planothidium biporomum
FIGURES 1–36. Planothidium biporomum and Planothidium incuriatum sp. nov. LM views. Figs 1–18. Planothidium biporomum. Valve views. Savannah River, Georgia, U.S.A., ANSP G.M.C. 3521(3). Figs 1–13. Rapheless valves. Figs 14–18. Raphe valves. Figs 19–36. Planothidium incuriatum sp. nov. Valve views. 'Croix au Buis' creek (Yvette River basin, Magny-les-Hameaux, France), BR- 4315. Figs 19–27. Rapheless valves. Figs 28–36. Raphe valves. Fig. 21. Holotype designated. '=' signal indicates the valves of the same frustule. Scale bar represents 10 µm.
FIGURES 37–50 in Planothidium incuriatum sp. nov. a widely distributed diatom species (Bacillariophyta) and type analysis of Planothidium biporomum
FIGURES 37–50. Planothidium biporomum. SEM views. Savannah River, Georgia, U.S.A. Material ANSP G.M.C. 3521(3). Fig. 37. External view of rapheless valve. Fig. 38. Internal view of raphe valve. Fig. 39. External view of raphe valve. Fig. 40. Internal view of rapheless valve with a prominent cavum. Fig. 41. External detail of the central area of a rapheless valve with uni- to biseriate striae in the middle part of the valve. Fig. 42. External detail of a raphe valve with reduced striae forming a rectangular area. Striae composed usually by three to four rows of areolae. Fig. 43. Internal detail of raphe valve showing the proximal raphe ends. Fig. 44. External detail of extremity of the rapheless valve. Striae becoming triseriate near the valve mantle junction. Groups of three areolae present on the mantle at the end of each striae. Fig. 45. Internal detail of a rapheless valve end. Fig. 46. Internal detail of the helictoglossae. Figs 47–48. External details of raphe valves. Figs 49–50. Detail of cavum aperture. Note the extremities of the border attached to the neighbour striae. Scale bars: Figs 37–41 = 5 µm; Figs 42–43 = 4 µm; Figs 44, 46–48, 50 = 3 µm; Figs 45, 49 = 2 µm.
FIGURES 80–89 in Planothidium incuriatum sp. nov. a widely distributed diatom species (Bacillariophyta) and type analysis of Planothidium biporomum
FIGURES 80–89. Planothidium incuriatum sp. nov. SEM views. Pardinho River, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. BR-4316. Fig. 80. External view of rapheless valve. Note the similar areolae arrangement with the France population. Fig. 81. Internal view of raphe valve. Fig. 82. Internal view of rapheless valve with wide cavum aperture. Fig. 83. External view of raphe valve showing two reduced striae at both sides forming a rectangular central area. Fig. 84. Internal view of raphe valve reduced helictoglossae. Fig. 85. Internal view of rapheless valve apice. Fig. 86. Detail of central area of rapheless valve showing the triseriate striae, irregular rounded depressions along the apical axis and the external unilateral expansion. Fig. 87. Detail of central area of raphe valve. Figs 88–89. Detail of striae in raphe valve usually composed by 3–4 rows of areolae from the rapheless valve. Note the groups of two small areolae located in the valve mantle located at each stria. Scale bars: Figs 80–83 = 5 µm; Figs 86–87 = 4 µm; Figs 84–85, 88–89 = 2 µm.
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