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38 results for “Pleistocene-Holocene”
Supplementary material for "Palaeo-demographic modelling supports a population bottleneck during the Pleistocene-Holocene transition in Iberia"
<p>This Supplementary material encompasses the archaeological radiocarbon dates for the Iberian Peninsula analyzed in the article “<em>Palaeo-demographic modelling supports a population bottleneck during the Pleistocene-Holocene transition in Iberia</em>". Specifically:</p> <ul> <li>‘<strong>PALEODEM_dataset.csv</strong>’ provides the dataset in comma-separated format. Contains the compiled raw data of each radiocarbon date used by every analytical procedure.</li> <li>‘<strong>PALEODEM_sites.xlsx</strong>’ is a spreadsheet containing the basic information of each archaeological site analyzed in this work. The columns include ID_site, name of Archaeological site, n<sup>o</sup> of <sup>14</sup>C dates, n<sup>o</sup> of assemblages, Regional Unit of correspondence, and bibliographical Reference.</li> <li>‘<strong>REFERENCES for PALEODEM_sites.docx</strong>’ is a text archive that collects the bibliographical references listed in the above mentioned ‘Reference’ column, that have been the main sources of archaeological information.</li> </ul>
Figure 2. Neodendrina carnelia igen. et isp. n in Large dendrinids meet giant clam: the bioerosion trace fossil Neodendrina carnelia igen. et isp. n. in a Tridacna shell from Pleistocene-Holocene coral reef deposits, Red Sea, Egypt
Figure 2. Neodendrina carnelia igen. et isp. n. on the inner side of a Tridacna maxima bivalve shell from the Pleistocene–Holocene coral reef deposits in the Marsa Alam area, Red Sea, Egypt. (a) Inner side of valve (left; prior to sectioning) with hundreds of N. carnelia specimens, and outer surface (right) intensely bioeroded by the sponge boring Entobia isp. (b) Section of the valve (MB.W 5640) with the holotype (centre) and the paratypes (all other specimens) in various ichnogenetic stages. (c) Close-up of the holotype trace. (d–e) Respective micro-CT scan of the holotype in plan and angular views as seen from inside the substrate.
Figure 1 in Large dendrinids meet giant clam: the bioerosion trace fossil Neodendrina carnelia igen. et isp. n. in a Tridacna shell from Pleistocene-Holocene coral reef deposits, Red Sea, Egypt
Figure 1. The Pleistocene raised coral reef limestones exposed at the type locality of Neodendrina carnelia igen. et isp. n. just south of the Carnelia Beach Resort, located between El Quseir and Marsa Alam, exhibiting scleractinian corals as primary reef builders (a) and giant clams Tridacna spp. weathering from the carbonate–siliciclastic rocks (b) that mix with Holocene and modern Tridacna valves, forming a highly time-averaged assemblage (c).
Figure 4. Neodendrina carnelia igen. et isp. n in Large dendrinids meet giant clam: the bioerosion trace fossil Neodendrina carnelia igen. et isp. n. in a Tridacna shell from Pleistocene-Holocene coral reef deposits, Red Sea, Egypt
Figure 4. Neodendrina carnelia igen. et isp. n. on the outer surface of a large recent Tridacna squamosa valve from Nosy-BØ, northern Madagascar (ZMB/Mol 102671). (a) Shell surface with various encrusters as well as bioerosion traces. (b) Close-up of a cluster of N. carnelia. (c) A large specimen with distinct pitted arrays developed in most of the branches.
Figure 3 in Large dendrinids meet giant clam: the bioerosion trace fossil Neodendrina carnelia igen. et isp. n. in a Tridacna shell from Pleistocene-Holocene coral reef deposits, Red Sea, Egypt
Figure 3. SEM images (BSE detector) of Neodendrina carnelia igen. et isp. n. of the inner side of a Tridacna maxima bivalve shell from the Pleistocene–Holocene coral reef deposits in the Marsa Alam area, Red Sea, Egypt. (a–c) Overview and close-ups of the holotype. (d–e) Overview and close-up of an early ichnogenetic stage. (f–g) Overview and close-up of a specimen with authigenic gypsum crystals, calcite spar, and clay minerals within the boring as well as on the host's shell surface. (h) Different morphologies possibly developed in the trace, comprising deep open canals (1), isolated deep pits (2), shallow open canals (3), pits in shallow canals (4) and discontinuities (5). (i) Cross section of a trace showing deep (1) and shallow (2) open canals. (j–k) Overview and detail of an epoxy resin cast of a specimen, illustrating the smooth surface texture and the high degree of microbioerosion in the surrounding (partly mechanically removed to gain a view of the dendrinid).
Fig. 22 in Ponto-Caspian And Mediterranean Faunal And Floral Records Of Upper Pleistocene-Holocene Sediments From The İzmit Gulf (Marmara Sea, Turkey)
Fig. 22 Chronostratigraphic and faunal correlation of the İzmit Gulf drillings. The radiocarbon dates are expressed as uncalibrated (boundary of marine isotope stages from Imbre et al., 1984). The lower intervals of drillings 10MB-204 (120-80 m), 10MB-205 (117.2-40 m), 10MB-206 (122-80 m), 10MB-207 (120.9-50 m) and 10MB-208 (200-40 m) are not shown due to absence of sample.
Fig. 21 in Ponto-Caspian And Mediterranean Faunal And Floral Records Of Upper Pleistocene-Holocene Sediments From The İzmit Gulf (Marmara Sea, Turkey)
Fig. 21 Microphotographs of diatom taxa identified from drilling 10MB-203. a. Actinocyclus normanii, 95 m. b. Amphipleura pellucida, 95 m. c. Amphora libyca, 143.5 m. d. Cocconeis disculus, 95 m. e. Cyclotella comensis, 143.5 m. f. Diploneis elliptica, 95 m. g. Diploneis parma, 143.5 m. h. Epithemia turgida var. westermannii, 143.5 m. j. Fragilaria sp, 95 m. k. Fragilaria lancettula, 143.5 m. l. Stenopterobia sigmatella, 95 m. m. Stephanodiscus aegyptiacus, 95 m. n. Stephanodiscus alpinus, 95 m. o. Stephanodiscus lucens, 95 m. p. Stephanodiscus medius, 95 m. r. Stephanodiscus niagarae, 95 m.
Fig. 20 in Ponto-Caspian And Mediterranean Faunal And Floral Records Of Upper Pleistocene-Holocene Sediments From The İzmit Gulf (Marmara Sea, Turkey)
Fig. 20 Photographs of selected bivalvia species identified from the İzmit Gulf drillings. a1, a2. Nucula nucleus, height: 5 mm, 208/1 m. b1, b2. Anadara diluvi, height: 2 mm, 207/9 m. c1, c2. Chlamys glabra, height: 2 mm, 208/9 m. d1, d2. Lucinella divaricata, height: 1.5 mm, 208/5 m. e1, e2. Dreissena rostriformis distincta, height: 4 mm, 207/26 m. f1, f2. Dreissena rostriformis tschaudae, height: 3mm, 204/13 m. g1, g2. Parvicardium exiguum, height: 2 mm, 201/1 m. h1, h2. Spisula subtruncata, height: 7 mm, 207/1 m. i1, i2. Lentidium mediterraneum, height: 3mm, 208/9 m. j1, j2. Timoclea ovata, height: 6 mm, 205/1.5 m. k1, k2. Clausinella fascita, height: 3 mm, 208/1 m. l1, l2. Clausinella sp., height: 2 mm, 207/1 m. m1, m2. Gouldia minima, height: 2 mm, 208/5 m. n1, n2. Corbula gibba, height: 4 mm, 207/1 m.
Fig. 17 in Ponto-Caspian And Mediterranean Faunal And Floral Records Of Upper Pleistocene-Holocene Sediments From The İzmit Gulf (Marmara Sea, Turkey)
Fig. 17 Scanning electron micrographs of selected Mediterranean origin ostracod species identified from the İzmit Gulf drilling cores. a. Pterygocythereis jonesii; left valve, 208/2 m; b. Sagmatocythere versicolor; left valve, 206/33 m; c. Sclerochilus contortus; left valve, 208/14 m; d. Semicytherura alifera; right valve, 201/1 m; e. Semicytherura diafora; right valve, 208/18 m; f. Semicytherura incongruens; left valve, 208/2 m; g-h. Semicytherura inversa; g right valve, 208/9 m, h left valve, 208/5 m; i. Semicytherura paradoxa; right valve, 206/37.5 m; j. Semicytherura punctata; left valve, 206/37.5m; k. Semicytherura sulcata; left valve, 203/100 m; l. Tetracytherura irregularis; right valve, 205/1.5 m; m-n. Urocythereis crenulosa; m left valve, n right valve, 206/33 m; o-p. Xestoleberis depressa; p left valve, q right valve, 206/33 m; r. Xestoleberis communis; right valve, 206/4.5 m.
Fig. 19 in Ponto-Caspian And Mediterranean Faunal And Floral Records Of Upper Pleistocene-Holocene Sediments From The İzmit Gulf (Marmara Sea, Turkey)
Fig. 19 Photographs of selected gastropod species identified from the İzmit Gulf drillings. a1, a2. Nassarius sp., height: 1.5 mm, 207/13m. b1, b2. Opalia crenata, height: 2.5 mm, 207/13 m. c1, c2. Retusa umbilicata, height: 2.5 mm, 207/9 m. d1, d2. Chrysallida indistincta, height: 1 mm, 207/9 m. e1, e2. Chrysallida obtusa, height: 1.5 mm, 207/13 m. f1, f2. Odostomia acuta, height: 1.5 mm, 206/41m. g1, g2. Odostomia sp., height: 1mm, 207/26 m. h1-h2, i1-i2. Turbonilla lactea, height: 2 mm, 207/13 m. and hight: 2.5 mm, 208/5 m. j1, j2. Creseis virgua, height: 1 mm, 208/5m. k1, k2. Bythinella pannonica, height: 2 mm, 201/81 m.
Fig. 18 in Ponto-Caspian And Mediterranean Faunal And Floral Records Of Upper Pleistocene-Holocene Sediments From The İzmit Gulf (Marmara Sea, Turkey)
Fig. 18 Photographs of selected gastropod species identified from the İzmit Gulf drillings. a1, a2. Gibbula albida, height: 2 mm, 207/5 m. b1, b2. Gibbula varia, height: 1 mm, 208/5 m. c1, c2. Gibbula sp., height: 3.5 mm, 208/5 m. d1, d2. Tricolia pullus, height: 2 mm, 207/1 m. e1, e2. Omalogyra atomus, height: 1 mm, 205/14 m. f1, f2. Caecum trachea, height: 2 mm, 207/13 m. g1, g2. Alvania abbysicola, height: 2 mm, 205/10 m. h1, h2. Alvania cimex, height: 2 mm, 206/41 m. i1, i2. Alvania sp., height: 1 mm, 206/41 m. j1, j2. Cingula sp., height: 3 mm, 205/14 m. k1, k2. Monzonia crassa, height: 3 mm, 207/1 m. l1, l2. Rissoa marginata, height: 5 mm, 207/13 m. m1, m2. Rissoa pulchella, height: 2.5 mm, 207/13 m. n1, n2. Turritella sp., height: 1.5 mm, 207/9 m. o1, o2. Pirenella conica, height: 3.5mm, 205/1.5 m. p1, p2. Bittium latreilli, height: 2mm, 207/13 m. q1, q2. Natica rizzae, height: 5 mm, 206/41 m. r1, r2. Trophon sp., height: 2mm, 207/5 m.
Fig. 16 in Ponto-Caspian And Mediterranean Faunal And Floral Records Of Upper Pleistocene-Holocene Sediments From The İzmit Gulf (Marmara Sea, Turkey)
Fig. 16 Scanning electron micrographs of selected Mediterranean origin ostracod species identified from the İzmit Gulf drilling cores. a-b. Loxoconcha gibberosa; a left valve, b right valve, 206/33 m; c-d. Loxoconcha minima; c left valve, d right valve, 203/100 m; e. Microcytherura nigrescens; right valve, 208/2 m; f. Neonesidea frequens; left valve, 205/1.5 m; g. Neonesidea inflata; right valve, 205/10m; h-i. Palmaconcha agilis; h right valve, 206/33 m, i left valve internal view, 201/70 m; j-k. Paracytherida parallia; j right valve, 206/33 m, k left valve, 206/4.5 m; l. Paradoxostoma trieste, left valve, 201/1 m; m. Pontocypris rara; right valve, 201/1 m; n-o. Pontocythere turbida; n left valve, o right valve, 206/37.5 m; p. Pseudocytherura calcarata, right valve, 208/2 m; q. Pseudopsammocythere reniformis, right valve, 205/1.5 m; r. Pterygocythereis jonesii, right valve, 206/37.5 m.
Fig. 1 Location map. a. Turkey map, b in Ponto-Caspian And Mediterranean Faunal And Floral Records Of Upper Pleistocene-Holocene Sediments From The İzmit Gulf (Marmara Sea, Turkey)
Fig. 1 Location map. a. Turkey map, b. Gulf of İzmit and Osmangazi Bridge Route, c. Locations and numbers of drillings.
Fig. 15 in Ponto-Caspian And Mediterranean Faunal And Floral Records Of Upper Pleistocene-Holocene Sediments From The İzmit Gulf (Marmara Sea, Turkey)
Fig. 15 Scanning electron micrographs of selected Mediterranean origin ostracod species identified from the İzmit Gulf drilling cores. a. Costa edwardsii; right valve, 206/37.5 m; b. Costa tricostata; left valve, 205/1.5 m; c-d. Cyprideis torosa; c right valve, 206/37.5 m, d left valve, 208/9 m; e-f. Cytheridea acuminata; e right valve, 208/33 m, f right valve, 207/18 m; g-h. Cytherois sp.; g right valve, 205/1.5 m. h. left valve, 201/1 m; i. Cytheropteron rotundatum, left valve, 201/1 m; j-k. Hiltermanicythere rubra; j left valve, 208/1 m; k right valve, 208/1 m; l-m. Leptocythere bacescoi, l left valve, m right valve, 206/33 m; n-o. Leptocythere bituberculata; n right valve, 206/37.5 m, o left valve, 207/18 m.
Fig. 12 in Ponto-Caspian And Mediterranean Faunal And Floral Records Of Upper Pleistocene-Holocene Sediments From The İzmit Gulf (Marmara Sea, Turkey)
Fig. 12 Scanning electron micrographs of selected Ponto-Caspian origin ostracod species identified from the İzmit Gulf drilling cores. a-b. Camptocypria acronasuta; a right valve, internal view, b right valve, 201/104 m; c. Candona neglecta; right valve, 204/9.3 m; d. Candona parallela pannonica; left valve, 204/9.3 m; e-f. Candona schweyeri; e left valve, 204/34 m, f right valve, internal view, 204/18 m; g-h. Cryptocyprideis bogatschovi; g left valve, h right valve, 204/43 m; i-j. Euxinocythere bacuana; i left valve, 203/95 m, j right valve, 206/63 m; k-l. Euxinocythere bosqueti; k right valve, 204/36 m, l right valve, 203/143.5 m; m-n. Euxinocythere ex gr. bosqueti; m left valve, 203/143.5 m; n left valve; o-p. Euxinocythere relicta; o left valve, p right valve, 201/74 m, 10 m; q-r. Hemicytherura bulgarica; q left valve, male 208/14 m, r right valve, female, 201/1 m.
Fig. 8 in Ponto-Caspian And Mediterranean Faunal And Floral Records Of Upper Pleistocene-Holocene Sediments From The İzmit Gulf (Marmara Sea, Turkey)
Fig. 8 Scanning electron micrographs of selected benthic foraminiferal species identified from the İzmit Gulf drilling cores. a. Planodiscorbis sp., 205/1.5 m: a1, spiral view; a2, umbilical view. b. Planorbulina mediterranensis, 201/1 m. c. Polymorphina sp., 206/41 m. d. Porosononion subgranosus, 207/31 m. e. Pseudotriloculina lecalvezae, 207/1 m. f. Pyrgo elongata, 201/1 m. g. Quinqueloculina berthelotiana, 208/1 m. k. Quinqueloculina laevigata, 208/9 m. i. Quinqueloculina laevigata, 208/2 m. j. Quinqueloculina parvula, 208/5 m: j1, side view; j2, apertural edge view. k. Quinqueloculina seminula, 201/1 m: k1, side view; k2, apertural edge view. l. Rectuvigerina phlegeri, 205/1.5 m. m. Reusella spinulosa, 201/1 m. n. Rosalina bradyi, 208/5 m: n1, spiral view; n2, umbilical view. o. Rosalina globularis, 208/1 m. p. Sahulia conica, 201/1 m. q. Sigmoilina costata, 208/5 m.
Fig. 13 in Ponto-Caspian And Mediterranean Faunal And Floral Records Of Upper Pleistocene-Holocene Sediments From The İzmit Gulf (Marmara Sea, Turkey)
Fig. 13 Scanning electron micrographs of selected Ponto-Caspian origin ostracod species identified from the İzmit Gulf drilling cores. a-b. Loxocaspia lepida; a left valve, b right valve, 204/9.3 m; c-d. Loxoconcha immodulata; c left valve, male, d left valve, female, 204/9.3 m; e. Loxoconcha sp.; left valve, 206/63 m; f-h. Loxocorniculina djaffarovi; f left valve, 207/22.75 m, g dorsal view, 207/22.75 m, h left valve, 206/8 m; i. Trapezicandona sp.; right valve, 201/108 m; j-k. Tyrrhenoythere amnicola donetziensis; j right valve, k left valve, 204/9.3 m; l-n. Xestoleberis chanakovi; l right valve, 203/143.5 m; m right valve, internal view, 203/147 m; n left valve, internal view, 203/147 m.
Fig. 4 in Ponto-Caspian And Mediterranean Faunal And Floral Records Of Upper Pleistocene-Holocene Sediments From The İzmit Gulf (Marmara Sea, Turkey)
Fig. 4 Scanning electron micrographs of selected benthic foraminiferal species identified from the İzmit Gulf drilling cores. a. Adelosina carinatastriata, 208/5 m. b. Adelosina mediterranensis, 201/1 m. c. Ammonia compacta, 207/31 m: c1, spiral view; c2, umbilical view. d. Ammonia compacta, 208/1 m: d1, spiral view; d2, peripheral view; d3, umbilical view. e. Ammonia parkinsoniana, 206/37.5 m: e1, spiral view; e2, umbilical view. f. Ammonia parkinsoniana, 208/1 m: f1, spiral view; f2, peripheral view; f3, umbilical view. g. Ammonia tepida, 208/5 m: g1, spiral view; g2, umbilical view. h. Amphicoryna scalaris, 206/4.5 m. i. Astrononion stelligerum, 205/1.5 m.
Fig. 11 in Ponto-Caspian And Mediterranean Faunal And Floral Records Of Upper Pleistocene-Holocene Sediments From The İzmit Gulf (Marmara Sea, Turkey)
Fig. 11 Scanning electron micrographs of selected Ponto-Caspian origin ostracod species identified from the İzmit Gulf drilling cores. a-b. Amnicythere bendovanica; a right valve, 204/9.3 m, b left valve, 204/13 m; c-d. Amnicythere hilda; c right valve, d left valve, 204/56 m; e. Amnicythere longa; right valve, 204/9.3 m; f-g. Amnicythere olivia; f right valve, g left valve, 204/34 m; h-i. Amnicythere pediformis; h left valve, i right valve, 204/13 m; j-k. Amnicythere quinquetuberculata; j left valve, k right valve, 206/63 m; l-m. Amnicythere striatacostata; l right valve, 204/34 m; m left valve, 204/18 m; n-o. Bacunella dorsoarcuata; n right valve, o left valve 204/43 m.
Fig. 3 in Ponto-Caspian And Mediterranean Faunal And Floral Records Of Upper Pleistocene-Holocene Sediments From The İzmit Gulf (Marmara Sea, Turkey)
Fig. 3 Lithological features and sand distributions of collected sediment samples a. Dilovası, b. Hersek Burnu. The lower intervals of drillings 10MB-204 (120-80 m), 10MB-205 (117.2-40 m), 10MB-206 (122-80 m), 10MB-207 (120.9-50 m) and 10MB-208 (200- 40 m) are not shown due to absence of sample.
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