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9 results for “Plocamium”
APPENDIX 3 in Molecular data reveal the presence of three Plocamium Lamouroux species with complex patterns of distribution in Southern Chile
APPENDIX 3. — Automatic Barcode Gap Discovery (ABGD) results and distribution of pairwise distances for the marker 5P-COI. A, ABGD results showing the number of groups (primary partitions) obtained for a range of prior maximum divergence of intraspecific diversity; B, bar chart showing the proportion of pairwise comparisons of 5P-COI gene at each range of sequence divergence (K2P distance). Intraspecific divergences are represented in grey bars and divergences belonging to different species are represented in yellow bars.
APPENDIX 4. — Ultrametric Bayesian tree reconstructed with the 5P in Molecular data reveal the presence of three Plocamium Lamouroux species with complex patterns of distribution in Southern Chile
APPENDIX 4. — Ultrametric Bayesian tree reconstructed with the 5P-COI marker. The dotted vertical red line indicates the maximum likelihood transition point of the switch in branching rates, as estimated by a General Mixed Yule-Coalescent (GMYC) model. The GMYC analysis was performed using a single threshold. Haplotype code as in Appendix 5.
APPENDIX 1 in Molecular data reveal the presence of three Plocamium Lamouroux species with complex patterns of distribution in Southern Chile
APPENDIX 1. — Maximum likelihood (ML) phylogram of the genus Plocamium Lamouroux based on rbcL sequences. ML bootstrap (BS)/Bayesian posterior probability (PP) values are shown above or close to each branch and only values superior to 75 and 0.75, respectively, are given. Colors correspond to oceans where individuals sequenced where sampled. Outgroup corresponds to Sarcodia ciliata Zanardini (GenBank accession: KM360040).
FIG. 3. — A in Molecular data reveal the presence of three Plocamium Lamouroux species with complex patterns of distribution in Southern Chile
FIG. 3. — A, ML tree (left) and Neighbour joining (NJ) network (right) inferred from 5P-COI sequences dataset of Plocamium specimens from the present study. In the tree, numbers above the branches are support values as inferred from ML analysis, only values superior to 75 are given. In the NJ networks, haplotypes are represented by open circles with size proportional to frequency within each genetic species (see upper left corner for correspondence between number of sequences and circle size). For haplotypes separated by more than one mutational step, black bars indicate the additional number of steps; B, Plocamium Lamouroux species distribution; the number (N) of individuals sequenced is indicated for each sampling locality. Code for each locality as in Table 1; haplotype code as in Appendix 5. Dashed line represents the biogeographic transition zone located at 42°S.
FIG. 1 in Molecular data reveal the presence of three Plocamium Lamouroux species with complex patterns of distribution in Southern Chile
FIG. 1. — Maximum likelihood (ML) phylogram of the genus Plocamium Lamouroux based on 5P-COI sequences. ML bootstrap (BS)/Bayesian posterior probability (PP) values are shown above each branch and only values superior to 75 and 0.75, respectively, are given. Colors correspond to oceans where individuals sequenced where sampled. Species names, as reported in GenBank, are given on the right. Outgroup corresponds to Asparagopsis armata Harvey (GenBank accession: KJ960344).
FIG. 3 in Resurrection of Plocamium pusillum Sonder (Plocamiaceae, Rhodophyta) from Australia
FIG. 3. — Morphology of recently collected Plocamium pusillum (all PERTH 09316647): A, pressed specimen showing habit; B, detail of apex showing origin of lateral branches in groups of three; C, section of young branch; D, section of older branch; E, surface view of living material showing prominent refringent vacuoles. These are not visible in preserved or dried material; F, tetrasporangia borne in groups near apices of lateral branches (arrows), not or only slightly distending the bearing branch; G, closer view of tetrasporangia showing biseriate arrangement. Scale bars: A, 1 cm; B, F, 300 µm; C, E, 30 µm; D, G, 60 µm.
FIG. 1 in Resurrection of Plocamium pusillum Sonder (Plocamiaceae, Rhodophyta) from Australia
FIG. 1. — Maximum likelihood phylogeny generated for the concatenated alignment. Bootstrap values>70% are provided; *, indicates 100% support. Plocamium pusillum is highlighted in bold text. Scale bar: substitutions per site.
FIG. 2 in Resurrection of Plocamium pusillum Sonder (Plocamiaceae, Rhodophyta) from Australia
FIG. 2. — Lectotype specimen of Plocamium pusillum Sonder (MEL 1005815).Scale bar: 1 cm.
Microsatellite genotypes and associated data for: Tetrasporophyte bias coupled with heterozygote deficiency in Antarctic Plocamium sp. (Rhodophyta)
<p>Meiosis and syngamy generate an alternation between two ploidy stages, but the timing of these two processes varies widely across taxa, thereby generating life cycle diversity. One hypothesis suggests that life cycles with long-lived haploid stages are correlated with selfing, asexual reproduction, or both. Though mostly studied in angiosperms, selfing and asexual reproduction are often associated with marginal habitats. Yet, in haploid-diploid macroalgae, these two reproductive modes have subtle, but unique consequences whereby predictions from angiosperms may not apply. Along the western Antarctic Peninsula, there is a thriving macroalgal community, providing an opportunity to explore reproductive system variation in haploid-diploid macroalgae at high latitudes where endemism is common. <em>Plocamium </em>sp. is a widespread and abundant red macroalga found within this ecosystem. We sampled twelve sites during 2017 and 2018 field seasons and used ten microsatellite loci to describe the reproductive system. Overall genotypic richness and evenness were high, suggesting sexual reproduction. Eight sites were dominated by tetrasporophytes, but there was strong heterozygote deficiency, suggesting intergametophytic selfing. We found slight differences in the prevailing reproductive mode among sites, possibly due to local conditions (e.g., disturbance) that may contribute to site-specific variation. It remains to be determined whether high levels of selfing are characteristic of macroalgae more generally at high latitudes or due to the haploid-diploid life cycle. Further investigations of algal life cycles will likely reveal the processes underlying the maintenance of sexual reproduction more broadly across eukaryotes, but more studies of natural populations are required.</p>
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