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44 results for “Polypodiidae”
Fig. 5 in Disentangling the diversity and taxonomy of Hymenophyllaceae (Hymenophyllales, Polypodiidae) in the Comoros
Fig. 5. Western Indian Ocean Hymenophyllum subg. Mecodium, illustrating morphological resemblance of taxa which are difficult to distinguish (see text). A. Hymenophyllum kuhnii C.Chr. from Comoros, firstly identified as H. polyanthos (Sw.) Sw. (F.Rakotondrainibe et al. 6864, P00312328). B. Hymenophyllum capense Schrad. from Madagascar, initially identified as H. fumarioides Bory ex Willd. (F.Rakotondrainibe et al. 6121, P00212664). C. Syntype of Hymenophyllum kuhnii C.Chr. from Tanzania (B200092782). D. Hymenophyllum inaequale (Poir.) Desv., representative specimen from La Réunion (L.Bauret 190, P).
Fig. 2 in Disentangling the diversity and taxonomy of Hymenophyllaceae (Hymenophyllales, Polypodiidae) in the Comoros
Fig. 2. Illustration of representative descriptors and states used in the Xper database (see Appendix 1). A. Hymenophyllum hirsutum (L.) Sw., typical bilabiate sori (S) without a developed base, fully hairy lamina with pedunculated brown trichomes (see inset). B. Didymoglossum robinsonii (Hook. ex Baker) Copel., false veins (FV) parallel but not connected to true veins (TV) and marginal dark trichomes clustered here by 6 (see inset). C. Crepidomanes inopinatum (Pic.Serm.) J.P.Roux, typical trichomanoid sori (S) with a developed tubular base, lips are here dilated as a collar. D. Didymoglossum rotundifolium (Bonap.) J.P.Roux, false veins (FV) parallel but not connected to true veins (TV) and continuous submarginal false vein (smFV), here the one-cell thick lamina appears well translucent. E. Crepidomanes bipunctatum (Poir.) Copel., false veins more or less continuous and parallel to margins (mFV) and not connected to true veins (TV). F. Hymenophyllum sibthorpioides (Bory ex Willd.) Mett. ex Kuhn, bilabiate sori (S) with toothed margins. Photographs by A.H. Saïd.
Fig. 4. Terrestrial Comorian Hymenophyllaceae. A in Disentangling the diversity and taxonomy of Hymenophyllaceae (Hymenophyllales, Polypodiidae) in the Comoros
Fig. 4. Terrestrial Comorian Hymenophyllaceae. A. Abrodictyum pseudorigidum Bauret & Dubuisson, first identified as A. rigidum (Sw.) Ebihara & Dubuisson, (F.Rakotondrainibe et al. 6771, P00312031). B. Trichomanes boivinii Bosch, new for the archipelago according to the last inventories (as discussed in text) (F.Rakotondrainibe et al. 6675, P00311390). Scale bar for both species = 3 cm.
Fig. 3 in Disentangling the diversity and taxonomy of Hymenophyllaceae (Hymenophyllales, Polypodiidae) in the Comoros
Fig. 3. Representative Comorian Hymenophyllaceae as observed in situ in rainforests (here from Grande Comore or Mohéli). A. Endemic Didymoglossum kirkii (Hook.) Ebihara & Dubuisson (G.Rouhan et al. 925, P00684886). B. Hymenophyllum sibthorpioides (Bory ex Willd.) Mett. ex Kuhn (G.Rouhan et al. 888, P02439806). C. Didymoglossum hildebrandtii (Kuhn) Ebihara & Dubuisson (M.Pignal et al. 3456, P02439793). D. Hymenophyllum kuhnii C.Chr. (G.Rouhan 897, P02439807). E. Crepidomanes bipunctatum (Poir.) Copel. (G.Rouhan et al. 882, P02439805). F. Hymenophyllum hirsutum (L.) Sw. (M.Pignal et al. 3487, P02439796). Photographs by G. Rouhan. Scale bars = 1 cm.
Fig. 1 in Disentangling the diversity and taxonomy of Hymenophyllaceae (Hymenophyllales, Polypodiidae) in the Comoros
Fig. 1. Location of the Comoros archipelago in the western Indian Ocean; close-up on the four islands in grey inset; islands in white form the Union of Comoros, Mayotte in grey is a French overseas department.
FIGURE 2. Phylogenetic relationships within the genus Abrodictyum, from a in Abrodictyum inexpectatum, an unexpected new fern species (Hymenophyllaceae, Polypodiidae) for Madagascar, as revealed by an integrative approach
FIGURE 2. Phylogenetic relationships within the genus Abrodictyum, from a BI analysis on rbcL sequences, only in-group is shown. The values on nodes are Posterior Probabilities (PP) superior to 0.90. The pink box shows the Afro-Malagasy clade, all other species are from Asia, Australasia and/or Pacific islands, or from Neotropics (A. rigidum). A. aff. angustimarginatum (in bold) = A. inexpectatum Dubuisson & Rouhan sp. nov.
FIGURE 1 in Abrodictyum inexpectatum, an unexpected new fern species (Hymenophyllaceae, Polypodiidae) for Madagascar, as revealed by an integrative approach
FIGURE 1. Comparison of some Malagasy Abrodictyum. A‒B: A. aff. angustimarginatum (Bonap.) J.P. Roux (= A. inexpectatum Dubuisson & Rouhan sp. nov.; G. Rouhan s.n., P02434058). A. Habitus. B. Detail of terminal segments, scale = 0.5 mm. C‒D: A. angustimarginatum (L. Bauret et al. 144, P02434057). C. Habitus. D. Detail of terminal segments, scale = 0.5 mm. E‒G: A. franceae Bauret & Dubuisson (G. Rouhan 1602, P02434061). E. Habitus in the wild. F. Detail of the diagnostic curled pinnules in the wild. G. Detail of terminal segments, scale = 0.5 mm. (A, C & E: photographs by L. Bauret).
FIGURE 5 in Discussion on the taxonomy of African fern Abrodictyum rigidum (Sw.) Ebihara & Dubuisson and description of two new Abrodictyum C.Presl species (Hymenophyllaceae, Polypodiidae) for the Afro-Malagasy region
FIGURE 5. Bayesian phylogeny inferred from rbcL sequences showing relationships within genus Abrodictyum (noted A). Support values on nodes are posterior probabilities. The species/populations studied and compared here are shown in coloured boxes (the colours used here are arbitrary). T = trichomanoids. Clades noted α and β are commented in text.
FIGURE 1 in Discussion on the taxonomy of African fern Abrodictyum rigidum (Sw.) Ebihara & Dubuisson and description of two new Abrodictyum C.Presl species (Hymenophyllaceae, Polypodiidae) for the Afro-Malagasy region
FIGURE 1. Comparison of three Abrodictyum species in situ, which show a similar gross morphology but are clearly molecularly distinct according to Bauret et al. (2015). A. A. rigidum (Sw.) Ebihara & Dubuisson, Guadeloupe (photograph by J.-Y. Dubuisson); B. Abrodictyum sp1 (= A. pseudorigidum Bauret & Dubuisson, sp. nov.), Madagascar (photograph by L. Bauret); C. Abrodictyum sp2 (= A. franceae Bauret & Dubuisson, sp. nov.), Madagascar (photograph by L. Bauret); D. Abrodictyum sp2 (= A. franceae sp. nov.), the fronds are often more or less curled in the wild as shown here (photograph by L. Bauret).
FIGURE 4 in Discussion on the taxonomy of African fern Abrodictyum rigidum (Sw.) Ebihara & Dubuisson and description of two new Abrodictyum C.Presl species (Hymenophyllaceae, Polypodiidae) for the Afro-Malagasy region
FIGURE 4. Multivariate analyses. PCA (above) and CDA (below) results for selected trait ratios. The PCA shows the contribution of each trait to overall morphological variation; the CDA shows the distribution of the four taxa in morphological 2-D trait space.
FIGURE 7 in Discussion on the taxonomy of African fern Abrodictyum rigidum (Sw.) Ebihara & Dubuisson and description of two new Abrodictyum C.Presl species (Hymenophyllaceae, Polypodiidae) for the Afro-Malagasy region
FIGURE 7. Abrodictyum franceae Bauret & Dubuisson, sp. nov. (G. Rouhan et al. 267, holotype P00749196). A. Habitus; B. Detail of a pinna with sori; C. Detail of indusium; D. Detail of laminar cells, the arrow shows the margin.
FIGURE 6 in Discussion on the taxonomy of African fern Abrodictyum rigidum (Sw.) Ebihara & Dubuisson and description of two new Abrodictyum C.Presl species (Hymenophyllaceae, Polypodiidae) for the Afro-Malagasy region
FIGURE 6. Abrodictyum pseudorigidum Bauret & Dubuisson, sp. nov. (F. Rakotondrainibe 2708, holotype P00059914). A. Habitus; B. Detail of a pinna, the arrows show some of the sori; C. Detail of a terminal pinnule with a basal sorus; D. Detail of indusium; E. Detail of laminar cells, the arrow shows the margin.
FIGURE 2 in Discussion on the taxonomy of African fern Abrodictyum rigidum (Sw.) Ebihara & Dubuisson and description of two new Abrodictyum C.Presl species (Hymenophyllaceae, Polypodiidae) for the Afro-Malagasy region
FIGURE 2. Proportional synthetic and schematic representations, at the same scale, of the frond gross morphology of the studied taxa and populations taking into account length and width mean values (see Table 2).
FIGURE 3 in Discussion on the taxonomy of African fern Abrodictyum rigidum (Sw.) Ebihara & Dubuisson and description of two new Abrodictyum C.Presl species (Hymenophyllaceae, Polypodiidae) for the Afro-Malagasy region
FIGURE 3. Multivariate analyses. PCA (above) and CDA (below) results for selected quantitative traits. The PCA shows the contribution of each trait to overall morphological variation; the CDA shows the distribution of the four taxa in morphological 2-D trait space.
FIGURE 12. A in Disentangling the diversity and taxonomy of Hymenophyllaceae (Hymenophyllales, Polypodiidae) in the Mascarene archipelago, with ecological implications
FIGURE 12. A. Didymoglossum barklyanum (Baker) J.P.Roux, as lithophyte (Mauritius, 'Vallée d'Osterlog'). B. D. lorencei (Tardieu) Ebihara & Dubuisson, as lithophyte (La Réunion, 'Grand Etang'). C. D. lorencei, detail of frond with marginal trichomes (photographs. A–C: J.-Y. Dubuisson; D: J.-M. Tamon).
FIGURE 15. A in Disentangling the diversity and taxonomy of Hymenophyllaceae (Hymenophyllales, Polypodiidae) in the Mascarene archipelago, with ecological implications
FIGURE 15. A. Hymenophyllum capillare Desv., typical form, as epiphyte (La Réunion, 'Forêt de Bon Accueil, Les Makes'). B. H. capillare, typical form, detail of fronds. C. H. capillare f. nanum Hennequin & Dubuisson, f. nov., as epiphyte (La Réunion, 'Pitons Mare à Boue'). D. H. capillare f. nanum, habit, type individual, scale = 0.5 cm (La Réunion, 'Forêt de Bon Accueil, Les Makes', J.-Y. Dubuisson & L. Bauret HR 2016-10, P). E. H. digitatum (Sw.) Forsberg, as epiphyte (La Réunion, 'Forêt de Bon Accueil, Les Makes'). F. H. digitatum, detail of laminar margin showing minute dark trichomes. G. H. digitatum, detail of fronds and sori with tubular bases (s) (photographs. A–B: L. Bauret; C–G: J.-Y. Dubuisson).
FIGURE 9. A in Disentangling the diversity and taxonomy of Hymenophyllaceae (Hymenophyllales, Polypodiidae) in the Mascarene archipelago, with ecological implications
FIGURE 9. A. Crepidomanes fallax (Christ) Ebihara & Dubuisson, as lithophyte on wet rock (La Réunion, 'Rivière des Marsouins'). B. C. fallax, habit (from Madagascar, F. Rakotondrainibe 6467, P00248564). C. C. frappieri (Cordem.) J.P.Roux, covering a rock in a wet ravine (La Réunion, 'Ravine Rivière Ste Anne'). D. C. frappieri, habit, type specimen (Bédier s.n., P00477825). E. C. frappieri, detail of long branched rhizome trichomes. F. C. frappieri, detail of sori (photographs. A, C & F: J.-M. Tamon).
FIGURE 18. A in Disentangling the diversity and taxonomy of Hymenophyllaceae (Hymenophyllales, Polypodiidae) in the Mascarene archipelago, with ecological implications
FIGURE 18. A. Polyphlebium diaphanum (Kunth) Ebihara & Dubuisson, as epiphyte (La Réunion, 'Forêt de Bon Accueil, Les Makes'). B. P. diaphanum, detail of a frond and sori. C. Vandenboschia gigantea (Bory ex Willd.) Pic.Serm., climbing on a tree trunk (La Réunion, 'Mare Longue'). D. V. gigantea, terrestrial parts (La Réunion, 'Grand Etang'). E. V. gigantea, detail of a long-creeping climbing rhizome (photographs. A: L. Bauret; B–E: J.-Y. Dubuisson).
FIGURE 19 in Disentangling the diversity and taxonomy of Hymenophyllaceae (Hymenophyllales, Polypodiidae) in the Mascarene archipelago, with ecological implications
FIGURE 19. Importance of gametophyte ecology and biology for the sporophyte settlement on distant islands according to Dassler & Farrar's (2001) hypothesis. The long-lived and colonial epiphytic gametophytes (above) would have the possibilities to realize fertilization many seasons/years (T) after the spore germination, whereas short-lived and non-colonial terrestrial gametophytes (below) would fail in realizing the fertilization if they are not close enough, and die at the end of the season (red crosses). Hence, the epiphytic taxa with longlived and colonial gametophytes would have a higher probability of establishment than terrestrial taxa. Hymenophyllaceae and the genus Ctenitis (Dryopteridaceae) illustrate such contrasts in the Mascarene archipelago, explaining the difference in the level of endemicity (see text for an in-depth discussion).
FIGURE 7 in Disentangling the diversity and taxonomy of Hymenophyllaceae (Hymenophyllales, Polypodiidae) in the Mascarene archipelago, with ecological implications
FIGURE 7. Abrodictyum tamarisciforme (Jacq.) Ebihara & Dubuisson. A. A dense population of many individuals covering a trunk (La Réunion, 'Grand Etang'). B. Single individual as epiphytic on a tree-fern trunk, which is also covered here by Didymoglossum cuspidatum (La Réunion, 'Mare Longue'). C. Lithophytic individual, the little individual at the bottom right is A. parviflorum (Poir.) Bauret & Dubuisson (La Réunion, 'Grand Etang'). D. Detail of segments with typical distinct marginal row of cells (mc) (photographs. A, C: J.-Y. Dubuisson; B: C. Chaussidon; D: L. Bauret).
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