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14 results for “Polypterus”
Figure 9 in A new polypterid fish: Polypterus faraou sp. nov. (Cladistia, Polypteridae) from the Late Miocene, Toros-Menalla, Chad
Figure 9. Photograph and drawing of the left pelvic fin of TM90-01-39, holotype of Polypterus faraou sp. nov., in lateral view.
Figure 7 in A new polypterid fish: Polypterus faraou sp. nov. (Cladistia, Polypteridae) from the Late Miocene, Toros-Menalla, Chad
Figure 7. Photograph and drawing of the operculum, cleithrum and postcleithrum of TM90-01-39, holotype of Polypterus faraou sp. nov., in lateral view.
Figure 8 in A new polypterid fish: Polypterus faraou sp. nov. (Cladistia, Polypteridae) from the Late Miocene, Toros-Menalla, Chad
Figure 8. Photograph and drawing of pinnules 1–4 in place with the surrounding scales of TM90-01-39, holotype of Polypterus faraou sp. nov., in dorsal view.
Figure 6 in A new polypterid fish: Polypterus faraou sp. nov. (Cladistia, Polypteridae) from the Late Miocene, Toros-Menalla, Chad
Figure 6. Photograph and drawing of the skull and pectoral girdle of TM90-01-39, holotype of Polypterus faraou sp. nov., in ventral view.
Figure 5 in A new polypterid fish: Polypterus faraou sp. nov. (Cladistia, Polypteridae) from the Late Miocene, Toros-Menalla, Chad
Figure 5. Photograph and drawing of the opercular series and cheek of TM90-01-39, holotype of Polypterus faraou sp. nov., in laterodorsal view.
Figure 10 in A new polypterid fish: Polypterus faraou sp. nov. (Cladistia, Polypteridae) from the Late Miocene, Toros-Menalla, Chad
Figure 10. The Recent polypterid species and Polypterus faraou sp. nov. (A) Position of the species in the anatomically based clusters of species, as defined by Poll, P. teugelsi not included (see Britz, 2004, for discussion), and (B) distribution in the African hydrographical basins; data from FishBase (Froese & Pauly, 2005) and map of the ichthyofaunic regions of Africa from Roberts (1975).
Figure 4 in A new polypterid fish: Polypterus faraou sp. nov. (Cladistia, Polypteridae) from the Late Miocene, Toros-Menalla, Chad
Figure 4. Photograph and drawing of the snout of TM90-01-39, holotype of Polypterus faraou sp. nov., in anterolateral dorsal view.
Figure 2 in A new polypterid fish: Polypterus faraou sp. nov. (Cladistia, Polypteridae) from the Late Miocene, Toros-Menalla, Chad
Figure 2. Measurements in specimen TM90-01-39, holotype of Polypterus faraou sp. nov., and ratios used in the text.
Figure 1 in A new polypterid fish: Polypterus faraou sp. nov. (Cladistia, Polypteridae) from the Late Miocene, Toros-Menalla, Chad
Figure 1. Photograph of specimen TM90-01-39, holotype of Polypterus faraou sp. nov., in A, dorsal, B, left lateral, and C, ventral views.
Figure 3 in A new polypterid fish: Polypterus faraou sp. nov. (Cladistia, Polypteridae) from the Late Miocene, Toros-Menalla, Chad
Figure 3. Photograph and drawing of the skull of TM90-01-39, holotype of Polypterus faraou sp. nov., in dorsal view.
Terrestrial acclimation and exercise lead to bone functional response in Polypterus pectoral fins
<p>The ability of bones to sense and respond to mechanical loading is a central feature of vertebrate skeletons. However, the functional demands imposed on terrestrial and aquatic animals differ vastly. The pectoral girdle of the basal actinopterygian fish <em>Polypterus senegalus</em> was previously shown to exhibit plasticity following terrestrial acclimation, but the pectoral fin itself has yet to be examined. We investigated skeletal plasticity in the pectoral fins of <em>P. senegalus</em> after exposure to terrestrial loading. Juvenile fish were divided into three groups: a control group was kept under aquatic conditions without intervention, an exercised group was also kept in water but received daily exercise on land, and a terrestrial group was kept in a chronic semi-terrestrial condition. After 5 weeks, the pectoral fins were cleared and stained with Alcian Blue and Alizarin Red to visualize cartilage and bone, allowing measurements of bone length, bone width, ossification and curvature to be taken for the endochondral radial bones. <em>Polypterus senegalus</em> fin bones responded most strongly to chronic loading in the terrestrial condition. Fish that were reared in a terrestrial environment had significantly longer bones compared with those of aquatic controls, wider propterygia and metapterygia, and more ossified metapterygia and medial radials, and they showed changes in propterygial curvature. Exercised fish also had longer and more ossified medial radials compared with those of controls. <em>Polypterus senegalus</em> fin bones exhibit plasticity in response to novel terrestrial loading. Such plasticity could be relevant for transitions between water and land on evolutionary scales, but key differences between fish and tetrapod bone make direct comparisons challenging.</p>
Figure 11. – Polypterus senegalus. A in Comparative morphology of the finlet spines of the extant Polypteridae (Osteichthyes; Cladistia). Systematic interest
Figure 11. – Polypterus senegalus. A: The posterior face of 6th finlet spine from a female on the left and a male on the right, and showing the basal foramen on the articular head, the median groove and a lepidotrichium on the shaft. The symmetrical distal points of the spines correspond to apical odontodes. B-C: The anterior (on the left) and right (on the right) lateral views of the articular head of the spine respectively of a female and a male. Scale bars = 1 mm.
Terrestrial acclimation and exercise lead to bone functional response in Polypterus pectoral fins
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Small RNA and mRNA expression profiling during Polypterus senegalus (bichir) pectoral fin regeneration
GEO Series GSE74374. Polypterus senegalus. 8 samples. Type: Non-coding RNA profiling by high throughput sequencing; Expression profiling by high throughput sequencing.
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