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23 results for “Polystoma”
Fig. 3 in Redescription And Variability Of Polystoma Mazurmovici And P. Skuratovitchi (Monogenea, Polystomatidae), With A Key To Polystoma From Anurans Of Ukraine
Fig. 3. Line drawings of crowns of genital spines of Polystoma mazurmovici (from Rana dalmatina) and Polystoma skuratovitchi (from Rana arvalis). A and B — lateral and dorsal views of genital crown of spines of P. mazurmovici; C — a dorso-lateral view of genital crown of spines of P. skuratovitchi. Scale bar 0.01 mm.
Fig. 1. Fig. 1 in Redescription And Variability Of Polystoma Mazurmovici And P. Skuratovitchi (Monogenea, Polystomatidae), With A Key To Polystoma From Anurans Of Ukraine
Fig. 1. Fig. 1. Light microscopy photographs of Polystoma mazurmovici (from Rana dalmatina) and Polystoma skuratovitchi (from Rana arvalis): A — P. mazurmovici, dorsal view; B — P. skuratovitchi, ventral view. Scale bar 1 mm.
Fig. 2 in Redescription And Variability Of Polystoma Mazurmovici And P. Skuratovitchi (Monogenea, Polystomatidae), With A Key To Polystoma From Anurans Of Ukraine
Fig. 2. Line drawings of anchors of Polystoma mazurmovici (from Rana dalmatina) and Polystoma skuratovitchi (from Rana arvalis): A — anchor of P. mazurmovici; B — anchor of P. skuratovitchi. Scale bar 0.1 mm.
Figure 7. Indopolystoma parvum n. gen. n in Indopolystoma n. gen. (Monogenea, Polystomatidae) with the description of three new species and reassignment of eight known Polystoma species from Asian frogs (Anura, Rhacophoridae)
Figure 7. Indopolystoma parvum n. gen. n. sp. from Zhangixalus omeimontis. Dorsal view of holotype. (A) A drawing; (B) A photograph. Scale bar: 1 mm.
Figure 5. Indopolystoma elongatum n. gen. n in Indopolystoma n. gen. (Monogenea, Polystomatidae) with the description of three new species and reassignment of eight known Polystoma species from Asian frogs (Anura, Rhacophoridae)
Figure 5. Indopolystoma elongatum n. gen. n. sp. from Zhangixalus arboreus. Ventral view of holotype. (A) A drawing; (B) A photograph. Scale bar: 1 mm.
Figure 4. Indopolystoma viridi n. gen. n in Indopolystoma n. gen. (Monogenea, Polystomatidae) with the description of three new species and reassignment of eight known Polystoma species from Asian frogs (Anura, Rhacophoridae)
Figure 4. Indopolystoma viridi n. gen. n. sp. from Zhangixalus viridis. Marginal hooklets from paratypes. (A) Marginal hooklet C1; (B) Marginal hooklet C8; (C) Marginal hooklets C2–C7. Scale bar: 20 µm.
Figure 3. Indopolystoma viridi n. gen. n in Indopolystoma n. gen. (Monogenea, Polystomatidae) with the description of three new species and reassignment of eight known Polystoma species from Asian frogs (Anura, Rhacophoridae)
Figure 3. Indopolystoma viridi n. gen. n. sp. from Zhangixalus viridis. Hamuli from holotype and paratypes. (A–A') Holotype; (B–H) Paratypes. Scale bar: 100 µm.
Figure 6. Indopolystoma elongatum n. gen. n in Indopolystoma n. gen. (Monogenea, Polystomatidae) with the description of three new species and reassignment of eight known Polystoma species from Asian frogs (Anura, Rhacophoridae)
Figure 6. Indopolystoma elongatum n. gen. n. sp. from Zhangixalus arboreus. Hamuli and marginal hooklets from holotype and paratypes. (A–A') Holotype; (A''–A''') Paratypes; (B) Marginal hooklet C1; (B') Marginal hooklet C3; (B'') Marginal hooklet C8. Scale bar: 100 µm (A–A'''), 20 µm (B–B'').
Figure 1 in Indopolystoma n. gen. (Monogenea, Polystomatidae) with the description of three new species and reassignment of eight known Polystoma species from Asian frogs (Anura, Rhacophoridae)
Figure 1. Bayesian tree for neobatrachian polystomes inferred from the analysis of four concatenated genes, namely 18S, 28S, COI and 12S. Numbers on nodes indicate Bayesian Posterior Probabilities. Indopolystoma spp. were regarded earlier as Polystoma spp. in Badets et al. [2] and Héritier et al. [22]. B. w. refers to Blommersia wittei and Z. s. to Zhangixalus smaragdinus. See also Table 1 for other host species. Scale bar represents 0.1 substitution/site.
Figure 8. Indopolystoma parvum n. gen. n in Indopolystoma n. gen. (Monogenea, Polystomatidae) with the description of three new species and reassignment of eight known Polystoma species from Asian frogs (Anura, Rhacophoridae)
Figure 8. Indopolystoma parvum n. gen. n. sp. from Zhangixalus omeimontis. Hamuli and marginal hooklets from holotype and paratype. (A–A') Holotype; (A''–A''') Paratype; (B) Marginal hooklet C1; (B') Marginal hooklet C2; (B'') Marginal hooklet C6 or C7. Scale bar: 100 µm (A–A'''), 20 µm (B–B'').
Figure 2. Indopolystoma viridi n. gen. n in Indopolystoma n. gen. (Monogenea, Polystomatidae) with the description of three new species and reassignment of eight known Polystoma species from Asian frogs (Anura, Rhacophoridae)
Figure 2. Indopolystoma viridi n. gen. n. sp. from Zhangixalus viridis. Dorsal view of holotype. (A) A drawing; (B) A photograph. Scale bar: 1 mm.
Table 4 in Indopolystoma n. gen. (Monogenea, Polystomatidae) with the description of three new species and reassignment of eight known Polystoma species from Asian frogs (Anura, Rhacophoridae)
<p><b>Table 4.</b> Body measurements of <i>Indopolystoma</i> spp.</p><table><tbody><tr><th>Parasite species</th><th><i>Indopolystoma</i></th><th><i>Indopolystoma</i></th><th><i>Indopolystoma</i></th><th><i>Indopolystoma</i></th><th><i>Indopolystoma</i></th><th><i>Indopolystoma</i></th><th><i>Indopolystoma</i></th><th><i>Indopolystoma</i></th><th><i>Indopolystoma</i></th><th><i>Indopolystoma</i></th><th><i>Indopolystoma</i></th></tr></tbody><tbody><tr><th></th><td><i>viridi</i> n. sp.</td><td><i>elongatum</i> n. sp.</td><td><i>parvum</i> n. sp.</td><td><i>carvirostris</i></td><td><i>hakgalense</i></td><td><i>indicum</i></td><td><i>leucomystax</i></td><td><i>mutus</i> n. comb.</td><td><i>pingbianensis</i></td><td><i>rhacophori</i></td><td><i>zuoi</i></td></tr><tr><th></th><td></td><td></td><td></td><td>n. comb.</td><td>n. comb.</td><td>n. comb.</td><td>n. comb.</td><td></td><td>n. comb.</td><td>n. comb.</td><td>n. comb.</td></tr><tr><th>Host species</th><td><i>Zhangixalus</i></td><td><i>Zhangixalus arboreus Zhangixalus</i></td><td><i>Kurixalus bisacculus</i></td><td><i>Taruga</i></td><td><i>Rhacophorus</i></td><td><i>Polypedates</i></td><td><i>Polypedates</i></td><td><i>Zhangixalus</i></td><td><i>Zhangixalus</i></td><td><i>Feihyla</i></td></tr><tr><th></th><td><i>viridis</i></td><td></td><td><i>omeimontis</i></td><td>or <i>Kurixalus</i></td><td><i>eques</i></td><td><i>nigropalmatus</i></td><td><i>leucomystax</i></td><td><i>mutus</i></td><td><i>dugritei</i></td><td><i>arboreus</i></td><td><i>palpebralis</i></td></tr><tr><th></th><td></td><td></td><td></td><td><i>verrucosus</i></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><th>Site</th><td>Bladder</td><td>Bladder</td><td>Bladder</td><td>Bladder</td><td>Bladder</td><td>Bladder</td><td>Bladder</td><td>Bladder</td><td>Bladder</td><td>Bladder</td><td>Bladder</td></tr><tr><th>Locality</th><td>Japan</td><td>Japan</td><td>China</td><td>China</td><td>Sri Lanka</td><td>India</td><td>China</td><td>China</td><td>China</td><td>Japan</td><td>China</td></tr><tr><th>Number of mature specimens</th><td>15</td><td>3</td><td>2</td><td>10</td><td>12</td><td>8</td><td>5</td><td>2</td><td>6–7</td><td>–</td><td>3</td></tr><tr><th>Body length</th><td>8550</td><td>14,791</td><td>4714</td><td>5070</td><td>(3870–9230)</td><td>12,556</td><td>7568</td><td>7338</td><td>9428</td><td>(4500–6000)</td><td>2716 (1624–3533)</td></tr><tr><th></th><td>(5532–11,907)</td><td>(12,847–14,878)</td><td>(4536–4891)</td><td>(4030–7790)</td><td></td><td>(6732–16,614)</td><td>(6665–8514)</td><td>(6875–7800)</td><td>(6000–12,000)</td><td></td><td></td></tr><tr><th>Greatest width</th><td>2112 (1534–2859)</td><td>3182 (3170–3270)</td><td>1916 (1701–2130)</td><td>1130 (810–1400)</td><td>(890–1790)</td><td>4164 (2222–5641)</td><td>2732 (2542–3311)</td><td>3063 (2550–3575) 1990 (1640–2390) (1000–1900)</td><td>1280 (1202–1904)</td></tr><tr><th>Width at vagina</th><td>1481 (1175–1800)</td><td>1967 (1902–2031)</td><td>1402 (1279–1525)</td><td>830</td><td>–</td><td>2057 (1197–2622)</td><td>–</td><td>–</td><td>1572</td><td>–</td><td>–</td></tr><tr><th>Haptor length</th><td>773 (526–1354)</td><td>916 (734–1098)</td><td>667 (584–749)</td><td>680 (500–750)</td><td>(635–794)</td><td>1298 (977–1710)</td><td>824 (753–989)</td><td>913 (875–950)</td><td>869 (424–1253)</td><td>(800–1100)</td><td>701 (632–924)</td></tr><tr><th>Haptor width</th><td>1184 (588–1592)</td><td>1661 (1512–1810)</td><td>1258 (1022–1494)</td><td>890 (640–1500)</td><td>(1016–1509)</td><td>2104 (1584–2466)</td><td>1693 (1355–2040)</td><td>1650 (1425–1875) 784 (415–1374)</td><td>(1100–1600)</td><td>1063 (831–1317)</td></tr><tr><th>False oral sucker</th><td>394 (266–465)</td><td>551 (528–573)</td><td>395 (358–431)</td><td>–</td><td>(189–402)</td><td>466 (236–574)</td><td>392 (194–424)</td><td>388 (275–500)</td><td>–</td><td>–</td><td>–</td></tr><tr><th>width</th></tr><tr><th>Pharynx length</th><td>210 (124–268)</td><td>237 (227–247)</td><td>191 (187–194)</td><td>–</td><td>–</td><td>291 (164–395)</td><td>252 (219–286)</td><td>245 (210–280)</td><td>253 (218–328)</td><td>(188–240)</td><td>164</td></tr><tr><th>Pharynx width</th><td>209 (164–244)</td><td>259 (256–268)</td><td>190 (174–205)</td><td>–</td><td>(135–197)</td><td>249 (164–349)</td><td>216 (194–246)</td><td>235 (200–270)</td><td>229 (189–252)</td><td>(188–220)</td><td>151</td></tr><tr><th>Ovary length</th><td>775 (577–925)</td><td>1072 (1062–1108)</td><td>545 (483–606)</td><td>497</td><td>(492–874)</td><td>1049 (504–1368)</td><td>608 (451–683)</td><td>588 (550–625)</td><td>711.5 (453–927)</td><td>(420–630)</td><td>369 (329–400)</td></tr><tr><th>Ovary width</th><td>401 (286–536)</td><td>520 (514–563)</td><td>269 (231–306)</td><td>390</td><td>(207–349)</td><td>499 (288–630)</td><td>259 (191–294)</td><td>400 (375–425)</td><td>–</td><td>(210–340)</td><td>–</td></tr><tr><th>Length of eggs</th><td>241 (191–268)</td><td>240 (224–256)</td><td>221 (219–222)</td><td>–</td><td>–</td><td>205 (190–214)</td><td>–</td><td>–</td><td>307</td><td>(238–300)</td><td>–</td></tr><tr><th>Width of eggs</th><td>125 (74–165)</td><td>118 (106–130)</td><td>103 (93–113)</td><td>–</td><td>–</td><td>132 (125–140)</td><td>–</td><td>–</td><td>165</td><td>(140–163)</td><td>–</td></tr><tr><th>Number of</th><td>1</td><td>1</td><td>1</td><td>0</td><td>–</td><td>up to 40</td><td>0</td><td>0</td><td>1–8</td><td>Usually 1 but</td><td>0</td></tr><tr><th>intra-uterine eggs</th><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td>sometimes</td><td></td></tr><tr><th></th><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td></td><td>more than 10</td><td></td></tr><tr><th>Genital bulb width</th><td>105 (67–124)</td><td>139 (129–211)</td><td>83 (75–90)</td><td>–</td><td>–</td><td>–</td><td>(69–76)</td><td>–</td><td>–</td><td>–</td><td>–</td></tr><tr><th>Number of genital</th><td>8–9</td><td>8</td><td>8</td><td>8</td><td>–</td><td>8</td><td>8</td><td>9</td><td>–</td><td>8</td><td>8</td></tr><tr><th>spines</th></tr><tr><th>Length of genital</th><td>40 (27–49)</td><td>41 (38–44)</td><td>17 (16–18)</td><td>–</td><td>–</td><td>39 (38–40)</td><td>–</td><td>39 (38–40)</td><td>–</td><td>42</td><td>–</td></tr><tr><th>spine</th></tr><tr><th>Haptoral sucker</th><td>333 (242–423)</td><td>420 (380–459)</td><td>335 (281–389)</td><td>259 (212–339)</td><td>(250–320)</td><td>353 (264–465)</td><td>289 (207–356)</td><td>310 (270–350)</td><td>434 (349–491)</td><td>(320–400)</td><td>251 (209–311)</td></tr><tr><th>width</th></tr><tr><th>Hamulus handle length</th><td>313 (276–373)</td><td>407 (303–419)</td><td>326 (311–340)</td><td>285 (257–326)</td><td>(380–440)</td><td>320 (178–414)</td><td>332 (260–410)</td><td>340 (330–350)</td><td>408 (332–441)</td><td>(350–420)</td><td>240 (185–307)</td></tr><tr><th>Hamulus guard length</th><td>–</td><td>–</td><td>–</td><td>249 (208–306)</td><td>–</td><td>–</td><td>–</td><td>290 (280–300)</td><td>382 (340–461)</td><td>–</td><td>205 (173–265)</td></tr><tr><th>Hamulus hook length</th><td>66 (48–74)</td><td>78.5 (72–85)</td><td>52 (39–64)</td><td>–</td><td>–</td><td>–</td><td>–</td><td>40 (38–43)</td><td>–</td><td>–</td><td>–</td></tr><tr><th>Marginal hooklet length</th><td>–</td><td>–</td><td>–</td><td>(16–18) only on suckers</td><td>(20.5–36.9) C1–C2</td><td>–</td><td>–</td><td>–</td><td>–</td><td>(24–42)</td><td>–</td></tr><tr><th>Marginal hooklet</th><td>40 (31–44)</td><td>36</td><td>32</td><td>–</td><td>–</td><td>–</td><td>–</td><td>–</td><td>–</td><td>(38–42)</td><td>–</td></tr><tr><th>C1 length</th></tr><tr><th>Marginal hooklet</th><td>21.5 (16–31)</td><td>23 (18–32)</td><td>(19–20)</td><td>–</td><td>–</td><td>–</td><td>–</td><td>–</td><td>–</td><td>(24–27)</td><td>–</td></tr><tr><th>C2–C8 length</th></tr><tr><th>Haptoral length/Body length</th><td>0.09 (0.05–0.17)</td><td>0.06 (0.05–0.07)</td><td>0.14 (0.12–0.165)</td><td>0.13</td><td>0.11</td><td>0.10</td><td>0.11</td><td>0.12</td><td>0.09</td><td>0.18</td><td>0.26</td></tr><tr><th>Number of anastomoses</th><td>0</td><td>>1</td><td>1</td><td>>1</td><td>>1</td><td>1–2</td><td>>1</td><td>>1</td><td>0–1</td><td>>1</td><td>3–4</td></tr></tbody></table><p>Note. To the exception of the newly described species, body measurements for all other species were extracted or estimated from Crusz and Ching [12], Diengdoh and Tandon [13], Fan et al. [19, 20], Meng et al. [33], Shen et al. [40], Yamaguti [53] and Zhang and Long [54].</p><p>“–” means data missing.</p>
Table 3 in Indopolystoma n. gen. (Monogenea, Polystomatidae) with the description of three new species and reassignment of eight known Polystoma species from Asian frogs (Anura, Rhacophoridae)
<p><b>Table 3.</b> Matrix of 28S <i>p</i> -distances (lower left) and total differences (upper right) inferred from pairwise comparisons in MEGA7. <i>B. w.</i> refers to <i>B. wittei</i> and <i>Z. s.</i> to <i>Z. smaragdinus</i>. See also Table 1 for other host species.</p><table><tbody><tr><th></th><th>[1]</th><th>[2]</th><th>[3]</th><th>[4]</th><th>[5]</th><th>[6]</th><th>[7]</th><th>[8]</th><th>[9]</th><th>[10]</th><th>[11]</th><th>[12]</th><th>[13]</th><th>[14]</th></tr></tbody><tbody><tr><th><i>Polystoma cuvieri</i> [1]</th><td>0</td><td>29</td><td>17</td><td>42</td><td>41</td><td>42</td><td>41</td><td>58</td><td>55</td><td>79</td><td>59</td><td>58</td><td>232</td><td>206</td></tr><tr><th><i>Polystoma gallieni</i> [2]</th><td>0.022</td><td>0</td><td>38</td><td>57</td><td>54</td><td>55</td><td>54</td><td>79</td><td>73</td><td>94</td><td>69</td><td>69</td><td>231</td><td>206</td></tr><tr><th><i>Polystoma naevius</i> [3]</th><td>0.013</td><td>0.029</td><td>0</td><td>49</td><td>48</td><td>49</td><td>48</td><td>64</td><td>60</td><td>80</td><td>69</td><td>65</td><td>233</td><td>205</td></tr><tr><th><i>Indopolystoma</i> sp. (ex <i>Z. s.</i>) [4]</th><td>0.032</td><td>0.044</td><td>0.038</td><td>0</td><td>5</td><td>6</td><td>5</td><td>60</td><td>56</td><td>82</td><td>49</td><td>43</td><td>233</td><td>195</td></tr><tr><th><i>Indopolystoma viridi</i> n. sp. [5]</th><td>0.032</td><td>0.042</td><td>0.037</td><td>0.004</td><td>0</td><td>3</td><td>2</td><td>59</td><td>57</td><td>81</td><td>50</td><td>44</td><td>221</td><td>196</td></tr><tr><th><i>Indopolystoma parvum</i>. n. sp. [6]</th><td>0.032</td><td>0.042</td><td>0.038</td><td>0.005</td><td>0.002</td><td>0</td><td>3</td><td>60</td><td>58</td><td>82</td><td>51</td><td>45</td><td>223</td><td>196</td></tr><tr><th><i>Indopolystoma elongatum</i> n. sp. [7]</th><td>0.032</td><td>0.042</td><td>0.037</td><td>0.004</td><td>0.002</td><td>0.002</td><td>0</td><td>59</td><td>57</td><td>81</td><td>50</td><td>44</td><td>223</td><td>196</td></tr><tr><th><i>Eupolystoma alluaudi</i> [8]</th><td>0.045</td><td>0.061</td><td>0.049</td><td>0.046</td><td>0.045</td><td>0.046</td><td>0.045</td><td>0</td><td>50</td><td>79</td><td>75</td><td>70</td><td>241</td><td>214</td></tr><tr><th><i>Kankana manampoka</i> [9]</th><td>0.042</td><td>0.056</td><td>0.046</td><td>0.043</td><td>0.044</td><td>0.045</td><td>0.044</td><td>0.038</td><td>0</td><td>66</td><td>69</td><td>59</td><td>239</td><td>211</td></tr><tr><th><i>Madapolystoma</i> sp. (ex <i>B. w.</i>) [10]</th><td>0.061</td><td>0.072</td><td>0.062</td><td>0.063</td><td>0.062</td><td>0.063</td><td>0.062</td><td>0.061</td><td>0.051</td><td>0</td><td>89</td><td>89</td><td>231</td><td>205</td></tr><tr><th><i>Diplorchis ranae</i> [11]</th><td>0.045</td><td>0.053</td><td>0.053</td><td>0.038</td><td>0.038</td><td>0.039</td><td>0.038</td><td>0.058</td><td>0.053</td><td>0.068</td><td>0</td><td>20</td><td>227</td><td>197</td></tr><tr><th><i>Parapolystoma bulliense</i> [12]</th><td>0.045</td><td>0.053</td><td>0.05</td><td>0.033</td><td>0.034</td><td>0.035</td><td>0.034</td><td>0.054</td><td>0.045</td><td>0.068</td><td>0.015</td><td>0</td><td>228</td><td>193</td></tr><tr><th><i>Pseudodiplorchis americanus</i> [13]</th><td>0.178</td><td>0.178</td><td>0.179</td><td>0.172</td><td>0.17</td><td>0.172</td><td>0.172</td><td>0.185</td><td>0.184</td><td>0.178</td><td>0.175</td><td>0.175</td><td>0</td><td>176</td></tr><tr><th><i>Pseudopolystoma dendriticum</i> [14]</th><td>0.158</td><td>0.158</td><td>0.158</td><td>0.15</td><td>0.151</td><td>0.151</td><td>0.151</td><td>0.165</td><td>0.162</td><td>0.158</td><td>0.152</td><td>0.148</td><td>0.135</td><td>0</td></tr></tbody></table>
Table 1 in Indopolystoma n. gen. (Monogenea, Polystomatidae) with the description of three new species and reassignment of eight known Polystoma species from Asian frogs (Anura, Rhacophoridae)
<p><b>Table 1.</b> Species of polystomes investigated with their 18S, 28S, 12S and COI GenBank Accession numbers. <i>Indopolystoma</i> spp. were considered earlier as <i>Polystoma</i> spp. in Verneau et al. [51], Badets et al. [2] and Héritier et al. [22].</p><table><tbody><tr><th>Polystome species</th><th>Host species</th><th>Family</th><th>Country</th><th>18S 28S 12S COI</th></tr></tbody><tbody><tr><th><i>Diplorchis ranae</i></th><td><i>Glandirana rugosa</i></td><td>Ranidae</td><td>Japan</td><td>AM157184 AM157198 KR856070 JF699304</td></tr><tr><th><i>Eupolystoma alluaudi</i></th><td><i>Bufo</i> sp.</td><td>Bufonidae</td><td>Togo</td><td>AM051066 AM157199 KR856072 FR667558</td></tr><tr><th><i>Kankana manampoka</i></th><td><i>Platypelis pollicaris</i></td><td>Microhylidae</td><td>Madagascar</td><td>HM854292 HM854293 KR856074 JF699307</td></tr><tr><th><i>Madapolystoma</i> sp.</th><td><i>Blommersia wittei</i></td><td>Mantellidae</td><td>Madagascar</td><td>FM897290 FM897273 KR856075 JF699308</td></tr><tr><th><i>Indopolystoma elongatum</i> n. sp.</th><td><i>Zhangixalus arboreus</i></td><td>Rhacophoridae</td><td>Japan</td><td>AM157190 AM157213 KR856094 KR856170</td></tr><tr><th><i>Indopolystoma parvum</i> n. sp.</th><td><i>Z. omeimontis</i></td><td>Rhacophoridae</td><td>China</td><td>AM157189 AM157212 KR856093 KR856169</td></tr><tr><th><i>Indopolystoma viridi</i> n. sp.</th><td><i>Z. viridis</i></td><td>Rhacophoridae</td><td>Japan</td><td>AM157191 AM157214 KR856095 MN564839</td></tr><tr><th><i>Indopolystoma</i> * sp.</th><td><i>Z. smaragdinus</i></td><td>Rhacophoridae</td><td>India</td><td>AM157193 AM157216 KR856085 MN564838</td></tr><tr><th><i>Parapolystoma bulliense</i></th><td><i>Litoria gracilenta</i></td><td>Hylidae</td><td>Australia</td><td>AM157186 AM157202 KR856079 KR856166</td></tr><tr><th><i>Polystoma cuvieri</i></th><td><i>Physalaemus cuvieri</i></td><td>Leptodactylidae</td><td>Paraguay</td><td>AM051068 AM157203 KR856080 AM913862</td></tr><tr><th><i>Polystoma gallieni</i></th><td><i>Hyla meridionalis</i></td><td>Hylidae</td><td>France</td><td>AM051070 AM157205 KR856084 JF699305</td></tr><tr><th><i>Polystoma naevius</i></th><td><i>Smilisca baudinii</i></td><td>Hylidae</td><td>Costa Rica</td><td>AM157187 AM157209 KR856089 AM913864</td></tr><tr><th><i>Pseudodiplorchis americanus</i></th><td><i>Scaphiopus couchii</i></td><td>Scaphiopodidae</td><td>USA</td><td>AM051079 AM157219 KR856097 KR856173</td></tr><tr><th><i>Pseudopolystoma dendriticum</i></th><td><i>Onychodactylus japonicus</i></td><td>Hynobiidae</td><td>Japan</td><td>FM992700 FM992707 KR856122 KR856180</td></tr></tbody></table><p><sup>*</sup> This undescribed polystome species, which was recovered from <i>R. maximus</i> of India, was tentatively considered as <i>P. indicum</i> in Verneau et al. [51], Badets et al. [2] and Héritier et al. [22]. Its host species, which was originally considered as <i>R. maximus</i>, should bear the nomen <i>Z. smaragdinus</i>.</p>
Table 2 in Indopolystoma n. gen. (Monogenea, Polystomatidae) with the description of three new species and reassignment of eight known Polystoma species from Asian frogs (Anura, Rhacophoridae)
<p><b>Table 2.</b> Matrix of COI <i>p</i> -distances (lower left) and total differences (upper right) inferred from pairwise comparisons in MEGA7. <i>B. w.</i> refers to <i>B. wittei</i> and <i>Z. s.</i> to <i>Z. smaragdinus</i>. See also Table 1 for other host species.</p><table><tbody><tr><th></th><th>[1]</th><th>[2]</th><th>[3]</th><th>[4]</th><th>[5]</th><th>[6]</th><th>[7]</th><th>[8]</th><th>[9]</th><th>[10]</th><th>[11]</th><th>[12]</th><th>[13]</th><th>[14]</th></tr></tbody><tbody><tr><th><i>Polystoma cuvieri</i> [1]</th><td>0</td><td>50</td><td>49</td><td>65</td><td>72</td><td>64</td><td>69</td><td>78</td><td>70</td><td>72</td><td>64</td><td>67</td><td>75</td><td>69</td></tr><tr><th><i>Polystoma gallieni</i> [2]</th><td>0.146</td><td>0</td><td>55</td><td>64</td><td>66</td><td>61</td><td>64</td><td>78</td><td>67</td><td>73</td><td>67</td><td>71</td><td>80</td><td>69</td></tr><tr><th><i>Polystoma naevius</i> [3]</th><td>0.143</td><td>0.161</td><td>0</td><td>51</td><td>55</td><td>54</td><td>64</td><td>70</td><td>69</td><td>67</td><td>60</td><td>66</td><td>77</td><td>70</td></tr><tr><th><i>Indopolystoma</i> sp. (ex <i>Z. s.</i>) [4]</th><td>0.19</td><td>0.187</td><td>0.149</td><td>0</td><td>35</td><td>43</td><td>47</td><td>79</td><td>64</td><td>71</td><td>70</td><td>56</td><td>74</td><td>74</td></tr><tr><th><i>Indopolystoma viridi</i> n. sp. [5]</th><td>0.211</td><td>0.193</td><td>0.161</td><td>0.102</td><td>0</td><td>36</td><td>50</td><td>75</td><td>67</td><td>75</td><td>69</td><td>64</td><td>70</td><td>71</td></tr><tr><th><i>Indopolystoma parvum</i> n. sp. [6]</th><td>0.187</td><td>0.178</td><td>0.158</td><td>0.126</td><td>0.105</td><td>0</td><td>49</td><td>80</td><td>68</td><td>80</td><td>63</td><td>69</td><td>79</td><td>75</td></tr><tr><th><i>Indopolystoma elongatum</i> n. sp. [7]</th><td>0.202</td><td>0.187</td><td>0.187</td><td>0.137</td><td>0.146</td><td>0.143</td><td>0</td><td>78</td><td>68</td><td>75</td><td>75</td><td>67</td><td>74</td><td>73</td></tr><tr><th><i>Eupolystoma alluaudi</i> [8]</th><td>0.228</td><td>0.228</td><td>0.205</td><td>0.231</td><td>0.219</td><td>0.234</td><td>0.228</td><td>0</td><td>71</td><td>77</td><td>76</td><td>78</td><td>89</td><td>78</td></tr><tr><th><i>Kankana manampoka</i> [9]</th><td>0.205</td><td>0.196</td><td>0.202</td><td>0.187</td><td>0.196</td><td>0.199</td><td>0.199</td><td>0.208</td><td>0</td><td>56</td><td>65</td><td>66</td><td>77</td><td>77</td></tr><tr><th><i>Madapolystoma</i> sp. (ex <i>B. w.</i>) [10]</th><td>0.211</td><td>0.213</td><td>0.196</td><td>0.208</td><td>0.219</td><td>0.234</td><td>0.219</td><td>0.225</td><td>0.164</td><td>0</td><td>78</td><td>77</td><td>71</td><td>87</td></tr><tr><th><i>Diplorchis ranae</i> [11]</th><td>0.187</td><td>0.196</td><td>0.175</td><td>0.205</td><td>0.202</td><td>0.184</td><td>0.219</td><td>0.222</td><td>0.19</td><td>0.228</td><td>0</td><td>65</td><td>72</td><td>76</td></tr><tr><th><i>Parapolystoma bulliense</i> [12]</th><td>0.196</td><td>0.208</td><td>0.193</td><td>0.164</td><td>0.187</td><td>0.202</td><td>0.196</td><td>0.228</td><td>0.193</td><td>0.225</td><td>0.19</td><td>0</td><td>71</td><td>78</td></tr><tr><th><i>Pseudodiplorchis americanus</i> [13]</th><td>0.219</td><td>0.234</td><td>0.225</td><td>0.216</td><td>0.205</td><td>0.231</td><td>0.216</td><td>0.26</td><td>0.225</td><td>0.208</td><td>0.211</td><td>0.208</td><td>0</td><td>82</td></tr><tr><th><i>Pseudopolystoma dendriticum</i> [14]</th><td>0.202</td><td>0.202</td><td>0.205</td><td>0.216</td><td>0.208</td><td>0.219</td><td>0.213</td><td>0.228</td><td>0.225</td><td>0.254</td><td>0.222</td><td>0.228</td><td>0.24</td><td>0</td></tr></tbody></table>
FIGURE 1. Polystoma floridana n in Polystoma floridana n. sp. (Monogenea: Polystomatidae) a parasite in the green tree frog, Hyla cinerea (Schneider), of North America
FIGURE 1. Polystoma floridana n. sp. Ventral view of holotype; dotted line indicates the outline of the vitelline system. Abbreviations: gb, genital bulb; gi, genito-intestinal canal; ha, hamulus; hp, haptor; ic, intestinal caecum; mg, Mehlis' gland; mo, mouth; ot, ootype; ov, ovary; ph, pharynx; su, sucker; vg, vagina; vd, vas deferens; vi, vitellaria; vt, vitelline duct. Scale bar: 1 mm.
FIGURE 2 in Polystoma floridana n. sp. (Monogenea: Polystomatidae) a parasite in the green tree frog, Hyla cinerea (Schneider), of North America
FIGURE 2: Polystoma floridana n. sp. A, hamuli; B, marginal hooklets 1 from holotype and paratypes; C, marginal hooklets 2 from holotype and paratypes; D, marginal hooklets 8 from holotype and paratypes; E, hamulus primordia. Scale-bars: A, 500 µm; B–E, 20 µm.
FIGURE 3 in Polystoma floridana n. sp. (Monogenea: Polystomatidae) a parasite in the green tree frog, Hyla cinerea (Schneider), of North America
FIGURE 3: Scatter diagram of a x b plotted against a x c for P. floridana n. sp. and P. nearcticum. Measurements for oncomiracidia of P. nearcticum were obtained from specimens in the collection of Prof. R.C. Tinsley and the US National Parasite Collection in Beltsville, Maryland, USA.
FIGURE 4. Polystoma africanum. A in A redescription of Polystoma africanum Szidat, 1932 (Monogenea: Polystomatidae)
FIGURE 4. Polystoma africanum. A, hamuli (drawn from adult specimens); B, hamulus primordia; C, marginal hooklets C1; D, marginal hooklets C2-7; E, marginal hooklets C8, (drawn from oncomiracidia). Scale-bars: A 100 µm, B–E 10 µm.
FIGURE 2 in A redescription of Polystoma africanum Szidat, 1932 (Monogenea: Polystomatidae)
FIGURE 2. Polystoma africanum. Ventral view; dotted line indicates the outline of the vitelline system. Abbreviations: eg, egg; gb, genital bulb; gc, genitor-intestinal canal; ha, hamulus; hp, haptor; ia, intercaecal anastomosis; ic, intestinal caecum; mg, Mehlis' gland; mo, mouth; ov, ovary; ph, pharynx; su, sucker; te, testis; ut, uterus; va, vagina; vd, vas deferens; vi, vitellaria. Scale-bar: 1 mm.
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