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Fig. 4 in Two new species of freshwater crabs from the highlands of northern Uganda, East Africa and a redescription of Potamonautes amalerensis (Rathbun, 1935) stat. rev. from Mount Kadam (Brachyura: Potamoidea: Potamonautidae)

Fig. 4. Potamonautes imatongensis sp. nov., holotype, adult Ƌ, CW 21.5 mm, from the Imatong Mountains in northern Uganda (NHM 1955.11.8.26–27). A. Whole animal, dorsal view. B. Frontal view. C. Ventral view, anterior sternum. Scale bars: 21.4 mm.

Fig. 8 in Two new species of freshwater crabs from the highlands of northern Uganda, East Africa and a redescription of Potamonautes amalerensis (Rathbun, 1935) stat. rev. from Mount Kadam (Brachyura: Potamoidea: Potamonautidae)

Fig. 8. Distribution map showing the known localities of Potamonautes imatongensis sp. nov. (black circles, not shown to scale), Potamonautes morotoensis sp. nov. (black star, not shown to scale) and Potamonautes amalerensis (Rathbun, 1935) stat. rev. (black squares, not shown to scale) in Uganda. East Africa. For exact localities see text.

Fig. 1. A–B in Two new species of freshwater crabs from the highlands of northern Uganda, East Africa and a redescription of Potamonautes amalerensis (Rathbun, 1935) stat. rev. from Mount Kadam (Brachyura: Potamoidea: Potamonautidae)

Fig. 1. A–B. Potamonautes imatongensis sp. nov., holotype, adult Ƌ, CW 21.5 mm, from the Imatong Mountains in northern Uganda (NHM 1955.11.8.26-27). A. Carapace, dorsal view. B. Carapace, frontal view. — C–D. Potamonautes morotoensis sp. nov., holotype, adult Ƌ, CW 26 mm, from Mount Moroto in northern Uganda (NHM 2015.3056). C. Carapace, dorsal view. D. Carapace, frontal view. — E–F. Potamonautes amalerensis (Rathbun, 1935) stat. rev., holotype, adult Ƌ, CW 31.5 mm, from Mount Kadam, northern Uganda (MCZ 8238). E. Carapace, dorsal view. F. Carapace, frontal view. Scale bar: A–B = 6.3 mm; C–D = 7.3 mm; E–F = 9.1 mm.

Fig. 5 in Two new species of freshwater crabs from the highlands of northern Uganda, East Africa and a redescription of Potamonautes amalerensis (Rathbun, 1935) stat. rev. from Mount Kadam (Brachyura: Potamoidea: Potamonautidae)

Fig. 5. Potamonautes morotoensis sp. nov., holotype, adult Ƌ, CW 26 mm, from Mount Moroto in northern Uganda (NHM 2015.3056). A. Whole animal, dorsal view. B. Frontal view. C. Ventral view, anterior sternum. Scale bars: 21.4 mm.

Fig. 6 in Two new species of freshwater crabs from the highlands of northern Uganda, East Africa and a redescription of Potamonautes amalerensis (Rathbun, 1935) stat. rev. from Mount Kadam (Brachyura: Potamoidea: Potamonautidae)

Fig. 6. Potamonautes amalerensis (Rathbun, 1935) stat. rev. A, C. Holotype, adult Ƌ, CW 31.5 mm, from Mount Kadam, northern Uganda (MCZ 8238). B. Adult Ƌ, CW 31.5 mm, from north side of Mt. Kadam northern Uganda (NMU TRW 1962.04). A. Whole animal, dorsal view. B. Frontal view.

Fig. 6. G1 in Description of three new species of Potamonautes MacLeay, 1838 from the Lake Victoria region in southern Uganda, East Africa (Brachyura: Potamoidea: Potamonautidae)

Fig. 6. G1, ventral view (A–C) and dorsal view (D–F). A, D. Potamonautes entebbe sp. nov., holotype, adult ♂, CW 35 mm, from Entebbe, southern Uganda (NHMUK 1955.11.8.26). – B, E. P. busungwe sp. nov., holotype, adult ♂, CW 21.5 mm, from Busungwe Island, Lake Victoria (NHMUK 2017.37). – C, F. P. kantsyore sp. nov., holotype, adult ♂, CW 16.8 mm, from Kantsyore Island in the Kagera River, southern Uganda (NHMUK 2017.29). Scale bars: A, D = 2.3 mm; B, E = 3.1 mm; C, F = 3.3 mm.

Fig. 4 in Description of three new species of Potamonautes MacLeay, 1838 from the Lake Victoria region in southern Uganda, East Africa (Brachyura: Potamoidea: Potamonautidae)

Fig. 4. Frontal view of carapace. A. Potamonautes entebbe sp. nov., holotype, adult ♂, CW 35 mm, from Entebbe, Lake Victoria, southern Uganda (NHMUK 1955.11.8.26). – B. P. busungwe sp. nov., holotype, adult ♂, CW 21.5 mm, from Busungwe Island, Lake Victoria,, southern Uganda (NHMUK 2017.37). – C. P. kantsyore sp. nov., holotype, adult ♂, CW 16.8 mm, from Kantsyore Island in the Kagera River, southern Uganda (NHMUK 2017.29). Scale bars: A = 2.34 mm; B = 3.1 mm; C = 3.3 mm. Photographs A–B by Phillip Crabb, NHMUK.

Fig. 3 in Description of three new species of Potamonautes MacLeay, 1838 from the Lake Victoria region in southern Uganda, East Africa (Brachyura: Potamoidea: Potamonautidae)

Fig. 3. Potamonautes kantsyore sp. nov. from Kantsyore Island in the Kagera River, southern Uganda. A–B. Holotype, adult ♂, CW 16.8 mm, (NHMUK 2017.29). A. Whole animal, dorsal view. B. Whole animal, ventral view. C. Paratype, adult ♀, CW 16.1 mm, (NHMUK 2017.33), whole animal, ventral view. Scale bars: A–B = 6.1 mm; C = 6.4 mm.

Fig. 1 in Description of three new species of Potamonautes MacLeay, 1838 from the Lake Victoria region in southern Uganda, East Africa (Brachyura: Potamoidea: Potamonautidae)

Fig. 1. Potamonautes entebbe sp. nov., holotype, adult ♂, CW 35 mm, from Entebbe, southern Uganda (NHMUK 1955.11.8.26). A. Whole animal, dorsal view. B. Whole animal, ventral view. Scale bars: 6.3 mm. Photographs by Phillip Crabb, NHMUK.

Fig. 2 in Description of three new species of Potamonautes MacLeay, 1838 from the Lake Victoria region in southern Uganda, East Africa (Brachyura: Potamoidea: Potamonautidae)

Fig. 2. Potamonautes busungwe sp. nov, holotype, adult ♂, CW 15.9 mm, from Busungwe Island, Lake Victoria, southern Uganda (NHMUK 2017.37). A. Whole animal, dorsal view. B. Whole animal, ventral view. Scale bars: 6.3 mm. Photographs by Phillip Crabb, NHMUK.

Fig. 7 in Description of three new species of Potamonautes MacLeay, 1838 from the Lake Victoria region in southern Uganda, East Africa (Brachyura: Potamoidea: Potamonautidae)

Fig. 7. Distribution map showing the known localities of Potamonautes entebbe sp. nov. (black triangle), P. busungwe sp. nov. (black circle) and P. kantsyore sp. nov. (black star) in Uganda, East Africa. For exact localities, see text.

Fig. 5 in Description of three new species of Potamonautes MacLeay, 1838 from the Lake Victoria region in southern Uganda, East Africa (Brachyura: Potamoidea: Potamonautidae)

Fig. 5. Frontal view of left and right chelipeds. A–B. Potamonautes entebbe sp. nov., holotype, adult ♂, CW 35 mm, from Entebbe in southern Uganda (NHMUK 1955.11.8.26). – C–D. Potamonautes busungwe sp. nov., holotype, adult ♂, CW 21.5 mm, from Entebbe in southern Uganda (NHMUK 2017.37). – E–F. Potamonautes kantsyore sp. nov., holotype, adult ♂, CW 16.8 mm, from Kantsyore Island in the Kagera River in southern Uganda (NHMUK 2017.29). Scale bar: A–B = 2.3 mm; C–D = 3.1 mm; E–F = 3.3 mm. Photographs A–D by Phillip Crabb, NHMUK.

Fig. 7. Potamonautes choloensis Chace, 1953 in Phylogenetics of the freshwater crab (Potamonautes MacLeay, 1838) fauna from 'sky islands' in Mozambique with the description of a new species (Brachyura: Potamoidea: Potamonautidae)

Fig. 7. Potamonautes choloensis Chace, 1953 (SAM A46802). A. Left gonopod 1, anterior view. B. Left gonopod 1, posterior view. C. Left gonopod 2, anterior view. Scale bar = 10 mm.

Fig. 8 in Phylogenetics of the freshwater crab (Potamonautes MacLeay, 1838) fauna from 'sky islands' in Mozambique with the description of a new species (Brachyura: Potamoidea: Potamonautidae)

Fig. 8. Map showing the distribution of all the known and some as yet undescribed freshwater crab species from the 'sky islands' of Malawi, Mozambique and Zimbabwe. Two new freshwater species not yet described are listed as undescribed sp. 1 and 2 respectively.

Fig. 5. A in Phylogenetics of the freshwater crab (Potamonautes MacLeay, 1838) fauna from 'sky islands' in Mozambique with the description of a new species (Brachyura: Potamoidea: Potamonautidae)

Fig. 5. A. Primary rainforest habitat where Potamonautes licoensis sp. nov. occurs. B. Live colour of P. licoensis sp. nov upon collection. Photographs by J. Bayliss.

Fig. 6. Potamonautes choloensis Chace, 1953 in Phylogenetics of the freshwater crab (Potamonautes MacLeay, 1838) fauna from 'sky islands' in Mozambique with the description of a new species (Brachyura: Potamoidea: Potamonautidae)

Fig. 6. Potamonautes choloensis Chace, 1953 (SAM A46802). A. Entire animal, dorsal aspect. B. Entire animal, ventral aspect. C. Cephalothorax, frontal aspect. Scale bar = 10 mm.

Fig. 1. A in Phylogenetics of the freshwater crab (Potamonautes MacLeay, 1838) fauna from 'sky islands' in Mozambique with the description of a new species (Brachyura: Potamoidea: Potamonautidae)

Fig. 1. A Bayesian Inference phylogram and divergence time estimation for the three mtDNA loci (12S rRNA +16S rRNA + COI) for the eastern and southern African freshwater crab genus Potamonautes MacLeay, 1838, with outgroups removed. Bootstrap values> 75% are indicated below each node while posterior probability values> 0.95 pP are shown above each node by an asterisk (*). Where no asterisk is present no support for a node was obtained. Blue polygons on branches indicates species present, on Mozambique 'sky islands'.

Fig. 4 in Phylogenetics of the freshwater crab (Potamonautes MacLeay, 1838) fauna from 'sky islands' in Mozambique with the description of a new species (Brachyura: Potamoidea: Potamonautidae)

Fig. 4. Potamonautes licoensis sp. nov., holotype, ♂ (SAM C-A091399). A. Major right cheliped. B. Minor left cheliped. Scale bar = 10 mm.

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Fig. 10. A in Surveys of Afrotemperate forests yields two new freshwater crabs (Decapoda: Potamonautidae: Potamonautes MacLeay, 1838) from South Africa

Fig. 10. A. Dorsal image of Potamonautes baziya sp. nov., when alive. Scale bar = 10 mm. B. Afrotropical forest stream habitat where P. baziya sp. nov. was collected at Baziya forest station in Eastern Cape Province, South Africa.