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7 results for “Promyrmekiaphila”
Microgeographic population structuring in a genus of California trapdoor spiders and discovery of an enigmatic new species (Euctenizidae: Promyrmekiaphila korematsui sp. nov.)
<p>The recognition and delineation of cryptic species remains a perplexing problem in systematics, evolution, and species delimitation. Once recognized as such, cryptic species complexes provide fertile ground for studying genetic divergence within the context of phenotypic and ecological divergence (or lack thereof). Herein we document the discovery of a new cryptic species of trapdoor spider, <em>Promyrmekiaphila korematsui </em>sp. nov. Using subgenomic data obtained via target enrichment, we document the phylogeography of the California endemic genus <em>Promyrmekiaphila </em>and<em> </em>its constituent species, which also includes <em>P. clathrata </em>and <em>P. winnemem</em>. Based on these data we show a pattern of strong geographic structuring among populations but cannot entirely discount recent gene flow among populations that are parapatric, particularly for deeply diverged lineages within <em>P. clathrata</em>.<em> </em>The genetic data, in addition to revealing a new undescribed species, also allude to a pattern of potential phenotypic differentiation where species likely come into contact. Alternatively, phenotypic cohesion among genetically divergent <em>P. clathrata </em>lineages suggests that some level of gene flow is ongoing or occurred in the recent past. Despite considerable field collection efforts over many years, additional sampling in potential zones of contact for both species and lineages is needed to completely resolve the dynamics of divergence in <em>Promyrmekiaphila</em> at the population-species interface.</p>
Microgeographic population structuring in a genus of California trapdoor spiders and discovery of an enigmatic new species (Euctenizidae: Promyrmekiaphila korematsui sp. nov.)
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FIGURE 7 in A taxonomic review of the trapdoor spider genus Promyrmekiaphila Schenkel (Araneae, Mygalomorphae, Cyrtaucheniidae, Euctenizinae)
FIGURE 7. Inferred mtDNA phylogeny for Promyrmekiaphila using Bayesian inference (redrawn from Stockman & Bond, 2007), demarcating the two morphologically distinct species: P. clathrata and P. winnemem sp. nov. Shaded boxes represent six ecologically non-interchangeable clades which may potentially be considered for species status sometime in the near future (see Stockman & Bond, 2007).
FIGURES 14–25 in A taxonomic review of the trapdoor spider genus Promyrmekiaphila Schenkel (Araneae, Mygalomorphae, Cyrtaucheniidae, Euctenizinae)
FIGURES 14–25. Promyrmekiaphila winnemem sp. nov. female (MY3053) from Swasey Dr., Shasta Co., CA (14– 24): Right palpal endite (14); right chelicerae (15); trichobothrium base, leg I (16); leg I tarsal organ (17); left pedipalp tarsal claw (18); left leg I superior tarsal claw (19); left leg IV superior tarsal claw (20); spinnerets (21); terminal segment of left posterior lateral spinneret (22); spigots on tip of left posterior lateral spinneret (23); left posterior median spinneret (24). Right palpal bulb, prolateral aspect, from a P. clathrata male (PR067) from Hopland Field Station, Mendocino Co., CA (25).
FIGURES 4–6 in A taxonomic review of the trapdoor spider genus Promyrmekiaphila Schenkel (Araneae, Mygalomorphae, Cyrtaucheniidae, Euctenizinae)
FIGURES 4–6. Distribution of Promyrmekiaphila in northern California. Circles represent known localities of P. c l a t h - rata, triangles represent P. winnemem sp. nov. Niche-based distribution models (redrawn from Stockman & Bond, 2007), indicating potentially suitable habitat for each species: P. winnemem (5); P. clathrata (6).
FIGURE 1–3 in A taxonomic review of the trapdoor spider genus Promyrmekiaphila Schenkel (Araneae, Mygalomorphae, Cyrtaucheniidae, Euctenizinae)
FIGURE 1–3. Promyrmekiaphila clathrata: live specimen in situ (1), burrow closed (2), burrow open (3).
FIGURES 8–13 in A taxonomic review of the trapdoor spider genus Promyrmekiaphila Schenkel (Araneae, Mygalomorphae, Cyrtaucheniidae, Euctenizinae)
FIGURES 8–13. Promyrmekiaphila winnemem sp. nov. female (MY3053) from Swasey Dr., Shasta Co., CA (8–11). Cephalothorax (8, 9, 10); leg I, prolateral aspect (11). Cephalothorax P. clathrata male (PR067) from Hopland Field Station, Mendocino Co., CA (12, 13).
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