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229 results for “Psilodercidae”
Time determines biodiversity of Psilodercidae in Southeast Asia
<p>Psilodercidae (Araneae) make up a remarkably diverse lineage that is endemic to Southeast (SE) Asia and neighboring regions. Studying the diversity dynamics of this group has the potential to shed light on the spatial and historical patterns of diversity and diversification in megadiverse SE Asia. However, a comprehensive species-level phylogeny of psilodercid spiders remains unclear. Based on a decade of fieldwork and taxonomic research, we incorporated fossil information into the most complete species-level phylogeny for 202 extant species to reconstruct evolutionary history and to test how tropical species diversity formation and maintenance are correlated with diversification rates, dispersal events, and time for species accumulation. Our molecular dating analyses and the fossil records indicate that the psilodercid timetree can be explained by ordinal diversification since the Cretaceous. Our reconstructed biogeographic history of the family suggests that in situ speciation is the predominant form of diversification. Furthermore, geographical changes caused by a series of tectonic collision events have affected the distribution pattern of many lineages. Our diversification analyses show no diversification rate changes through time, among lineages, and across geographic space. Thus, time rather than diversification rates or dispersal is the primary cause of species diversity hotspots of psilodercids in SE Asia.</p>
FIGURE 2 in Redescription of the type specimens of Althepus pictus Thorell, 1898 (Araneae Psilodercidae) from Myanmar
FIGURE 2. Male lectotype and female paralectotype of Althepus pictus and original labels. A Female epigastric furrow, ventral view; B Internal genitalia, dorsal view; C Male habitus, dorsal view; D Female habitus, dorsal view; E Original labels
FIGURE 1 in Redescription of the type specimens of Althepus pictus Thorell, 1898 (Araneae Psilodercidae) from Myanmar
FIGURE 1. Left male palp of lectotype Althepus pictus. A Prolateral view; B Ventral view; C Retrolateral view
Figure 6 from: Chang W-J, Li S (2020) Fourteen new species of the spider genus Psiloderces Simon, 1892 from Southeast Asia (Araneae, Psilodercidae). ZooKeys 902: 61-105. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.902.38967
Figure 6 Psiloderces cuyapoensis sp. nov., male holotype and female paratype. A Endogyne, dorsal view B female epigastric area, ventral view C male habitus, lateral view D male habitus, dorsal view E female habitus, dorsal view F female habitus, ventral view. Abbreviations: PR = clypeal protrusion, SP = spermatheca.
Figure 7 from: Chang W-J, Li S (2020) Fourteen new species of the spider genus Psiloderces Simon, 1892 from Southeast Asia (Araneae, Psilodercidae). ZooKeys 902: 61-105. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.902.38967
Figure 7 Psiloderces cuyapoensis sp. nov., male holotype. A Palp, ventral view B bulb, ventral view C palp, prolateral view D palp, retrolateral view. Abbreviations: BT = bristle, CP = cymbial protrusion, EM = embolus.
Figure 29 from: Chang W-J, Li S (2020) Fourteen new species of the spider genus Psiloderces Simon, 1892 from Southeast Asia (Araneae, Psilodercidae). ZooKeys 902: 61-105. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.902.38967
Figure 29 Cheliceral retromargin, posterior view. APsiloderces penajamensis sp. nov. BP. malinoensis sp. nov. CP. palopoensis sp. nov. DP. grohotensis sp. nov. EP. bolang sp. nov. Abbreviations: CL = cheliceral laminar, RT = retromargin teeth.
Figure 28 from: Chang W-J, Li S (2020) Fourteen new species of the spider genus Psiloderces Simon, 1892 from Southeast Asia (Araneae, Psilodercidae). ZooKeys 902: 61-105. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.902.38967
Figure 28 Cheliceral retromargin, posterior view. APsiloderces bangkiraiensis sp. nov. BP. wangou sp. nov. CP. heise sp. nov. DP. cuyapoensis sp. nov. EP. bontocensis sp. nov. FP. gawanaensis sp. nov. GP. xichang sp. nov. HP. cattienensis sp. nov. IP. pingguo sp. nov. Abbreviations: CL = cheliceral laminar, RT = retromargin teeth.
Figure 24 from: Chang W-J, Li S (2020) Fourteen new species of the spider genus Psiloderces Simon, 1892 from Southeast Asia (Araneae, Psilodercidae). ZooKeys 902: 61-105. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.902.38967
Figure 24 Psiloderces wangou sp. nov., male holotype and female paratype. A Endogyne, dorsal view B female epigastric area, ventral view C male habitus, dorsal view D female habitus, dorsal view E female habitus, ventral view. Abbreviation: SP = spermatheca.
Figure 30 from: Chang W-J, Li S (2020) Fourteen new species of the spider genus Psiloderces Simon, 1892 from Southeast Asia (Araneae, Psilodercidae). ZooKeys 902: 61-105. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.902.38967
Figure 30 Distribution of new Psiloderces species in Southeast Asia. 1P. heise sp. nov. 2P. gawanaensis sp. nov. 3P. bontocensis sp. nov. 4P. cuyapoensis sp. nov. 5P. xichang sp. nov. 6P. cattienensis sp. nov. 7P. pingguo sp. nov. 8P. palopoensis sp. nov. 9P. penajamensis sp. nov. 10P. grohotensis sp. nov. 11P. bangkiraiensis sp. nov. 12P. bolang sp. nov. 13P. wangou sp. nov. 14P. malinoensis sp. nov.
Figure 23 from: Chang W-J, Li S (2020) Fourteen new species of the spider genus Psiloderces Simon, 1892 from Southeast Asia (Araneae, Psilodercidae). ZooKeys 902: 61-105. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.902.38967
Figure 23 Psiloderces bolang sp. nov., male holotype. A Palp, ventral view B bulb, ventral view C palp, prolateral view D palp, retrolateral view. Abbreviations: CP = cymbial protrusion, EM = embolus.
Figure 22 from: Chang W-J, Li S (2020) Fourteen new species of the spider genus Psiloderces Simon, 1892 from Southeast Asia (Araneae, Psilodercidae). ZooKeys 902: 61-105. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.902.38967
Figure 22 Psiloderces bolang sp. nov., male holotype and female paratype. A Endogyne, dorsal view B female epigastric area, ventral view C male habitus, dorsal view D female habitus, dorsal view E female habitus, ventral view. Abbreviation: SP = spermatheca.
Figure 21 from: Chang W-J, Li S (2020) Fourteen new species of the spider genus Psiloderces Simon, 1892 from Southeast Asia (Araneae, Psilodercidae). ZooKeys 902: 61-105. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.902.38967
Figure 21 Psiloderces bangkiraiensis sp. nov., male holotype. A Palp, ventral view B bulb, ventral view C palp, prolateral view D palp, retrolateral view. Abbreviations: CP = cymbial protrusion, BG = bulge, EM = embolus, LA = laminar apophysis.
Figure 26 from: Chang W-J, Li S (2020) Fourteen new species of the spider genus Psiloderces Simon, 1892 from Southeast Asia (Araneae, Psilodercidae). ZooKeys 902: 61-105. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.902.38967
Figure 26 Psiloderces malinoensis sp. nov., male holotype and female paratype. A Endogyne, dorsal view B female epigastric area, ventral view C male habitus, dorsal view D female habitus, dorsal view E female habitus, ventral view. Abbreviation: SP = spermatheca.
Figure 3 from: Chang W-J, Li S (2020) Fourteen new species of the spider genus Psiloderces Simon, 1892 from Southeast Asia (Araneae, Psilodercidae). ZooKeys 902: 61-105. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.902.38967
Figure 3 Psiloderces gawanaensis sp. nov., male holotype and female paratype. A Endogyne, dorsal view B female epigastric area, ventral view C male habitus, lateral view D male habitus, dorsal view E female habitus, dorsal view F female habitus, ventral view. Abbreviations: PR = clypeal protrusion, SP = spermatheca.
Figure 20 from: Chang W-J, Li S (2020) Fourteen new species of the spider genus Psiloderces Simon, 1892 from Southeast Asia (Araneae, Psilodercidae). ZooKeys 902: 61-105. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.902.38967
Figure 20 Psiloderces bangkiraiensis sp. nov., male holotype and female paratype. A Endogyne, dorsal view B female epigastric area, ventral view C male habitus, dorsal view D female habitus, dorsal view E female habitus, ventral view. Abbreviation: SP = spermatheca.
Figure 2 from: Chang W-J, Li S (2020) Fourteen new species of the spider genus Psiloderces Simon, 1892 from Southeast Asia (Araneae, Psilodercidae). ZooKeys 902: 61-105. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.902.38967
Figure 2 Psiloderces heise sp. nov., male holotype. A Palp, ventral view B bulb, ventral view C palp, prolateral view D palp, retrolateral view. Abbreviations: BT = bristle, CP = cymbial protrusion, EM = embolus, LA = laminar apophysis.
Figure 25 from: Chang W-J, Li S (2020) Fourteen new species of the spider genus Psiloderces Simon, 1892 from Southeast Asia (Araneae, Psilodercidae). ZooKeys 902: 61-105. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.902.38967
Figure 25 Psiloderces wangou sp. nov., male holotype. A Palp, ventral view B bulb, ventral view C palp, prolateral view D palp, retrolateral view. Abbreviations: CP = cymbial protrusion, EM = embolus.
Figure 19 from: Chang W-J, Li S (2020) Fourteen new species of the spider genus Psiloderces Simon, 1892 from Southeast Asia (Araneae, Psilodercidae). ZooKeys 902: 61-105. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.902.38967
Figure 19 Psiloderces grohotensis sp. nov., male holotype. A Palp, ventral view B bulb, ventral view C palp, prolateral view D palp, retrolateral view. Abbreviations: CP = cymbial protrusion, BG = bulges, EM = embolus, LA = laminar apophysis.
Figure 17 from: Chang W-J, Li S (2020) Fourteen new species of the spider genus Psiloderces Simon, 1892 from Southeast Asia (Araneae, Psilodercidae). ZooKeys 902: 61-105. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.902.38967
Figure 17 Psiloderces penajamensis sp. nov., male holotype. A Palp, ventral view B bulb, ventral view C palp, prolateral view D palp, retrolateral view. Abbreviations: CP = cymbial protrusion, BG = bulge, EM = embolus, LA = laminar apophysis.
Figure 9 from: Chang W-J, Li S (2020) Fourteen new species of the spider genus Psiloderces Simon, 1892 from Southeast Asia (Araneae, Psilodercidae). ZooKeys 902: 61-105. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.902.38967
Figure 9 Psiloderces xichang sp. nov., male holotype. A Palp, ventral view B bulb, ventral view C palp, prolateral view D palp, retrolateral view. Abbreviations: BT = bristle, CP = cymbial protrusion, EM = embolus.
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