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FIGURE 11 in On Putaoa, a new genus of the spider family Pimoidae (Araneae) from China, with a cladistic test of its monophyly and phylogenetic placement

FIGURE 11. Collecting localities in China of Putaoa huaping new species (triangle; Guangxi Province) and Putaoa megacantha (circle; Sichuan Province).

FIGURE 9. Putaoa huaping new species. Female. A in On Putaoa, a new genus of the spider family Pimoidae (Araneae) from China, with a cladistic test of its monophyly and phylogenetic placement

FIGURE 9. Putaoa huaping new species. Female. A, prosoma, anterior; B, chelicera, ectal; C, left spinnerets; D, ALS; E, PMS; F, PLS.

FIGURE 8 in On Putaoa, a new genus of the spider family Pimoidae (Araneae) from China, with a cladistic test of its monophyly and phylogenetic placement

FIGURE 8. Putaoa huaping new species. Male (A-D) and female (E-F). A, basoectal cymbial margin macrosetae (arrows point out to enlarged macrosetae basis); B, ectal cymbial process; C, cephalic region, lateral; D, chelicera, ectal; E, epigynum, caudal; F, epigynum, ventral.

FIGURE 1. Putaoa huaping new species. Male from Huaping National Nature Reserve. A in On Putaoa, a new genus of the spider family Pimoidae (Araneae) from China, with a cladistic test of its monophyly and phylogenetic placement

FIGURE 1. Putaoa huaping new species. Male from Huaping National Nature Reserve. A, dorsal; B, ventral; C, anterior; D, prosoma, dorsal.

FIGURE 7. Putaoa huaping new species. Male. A in On Putaoa, a new genus of the spider family Pimoidae (Araneae) from China, with a cladistic test of its monophyly and phylogenetic placement

FIGURE 7. Putaoa huaping new species. Male. A, Prosoma, anterior; B, prosoma, dorsal; C, E, epiandrous fusules; D, eye region, anterodorsal; F, PLS with six aciniform spigots (right) and PMS with minor ampullate and two aciniform spigots (left).

FIGURE 12 in On Putaoa, a new genus of the spider family Pimoidae (Araneae) from China, with a cladistic test of its monophyly and phylogenetic placement

FIGURE 12. One of the four minimal length trees of 205 steps that result from the analysis of the data matrix presented in Appendix 1 (CI = 0.52, RI = 0.75). Exclusion of the six parsimony uninformative characters decreases the tree length to 196 steps and the ensemble consistency index to 0.5. Ambiguous character changes are resolved under "Farris optimization." Closed circles represent non-homoplasious character changes. The two nodes that collapse in the strict consensus cladogram of the four most parsimonious trees are marked with a closed rectangle. Numbers at nodes indicate Bremer support / parsimony jackknife frequency (only those above 50% are reported). The basal trichotomy has been resolved according to the araneoid topology presented in Griswold et al. (1998); see text for additional details.

FIGURE 3. Putaoa huaping new species. Male pedipalp. A in On Putaoa, a new genus of the spider family Pimoidae (Araneae) from China, with a cladistic test of its monophyly and phylogenetic placement

FIGURE 3. Putaoa huaping new species. Male pedipalp. A, ectal; B, ventral; C, dorsomesal (arrows point out to apical ends of pimoid embolic process). Scale bar, 0.2 mm.

FIGURE 5. Putaoa huaping new species. Male pedipalp. A in On Putaoa, a new genus of the spider family Pimoidae (Araneae) from China, with a cladistic test of its monophyly and phylogenetic placement

FIGURE 5. Putaoa huaping new species. Male pedipalp. A, ectoventral (right point arrows indicate distal end of pimoid embolic process; left pointing arrow indicates pimoid cymbial sclerite); B, ectal; C, dorsoectal (left arrow points cymbial process; right arrow points pimoid cymbial sclerite); D, caudoventral; E, tibial macrosetae (note pore on macroseta at the center of image); F, paracymbium, pimoid cymbial sclerite and tibial macrosetae (arrow points to row of enlarged cymbial macrosetae).

FIGURE 6. Putaoa huaping new species. Male pedipalp. A in On Putaoa, a new genus of the spider family Pimoidae (Araneae) from China, with a cladistic test of its monophyly and phylogenetic placement

FIGURE 6. Putaoa huaping new species. Male pedipalp. A, mesoapical (right pointing arrows indicate pimoid embolic process); B, apical; C, apicoventral (arrow points out to conductor); D, conductor and part of pimoid embolic process; E, dorsal; F, mesal (arrows indicate embolic process).

FIGURE 2 in On Putaoa, a new genus of the spider family Pimoidae (Araneae) from China, with a cladistic test of its monophyly and phylogenetic placement

FIGURE 2. Putaoa huaping new species. Male (A) and female (B-E) from Huaping National Nature Reserve. A, lateral; B, dorsal; C, ventral; D, epigynum, ventral; E, caudal.

FIGURE 10 in On Putaoa, a new genus of the spider family Pimoidae (Araneae) from China, with a cladistic test of its monophyly and phylogenetic placement

FIGURE 10. Tracheal system of Putaoa huaping new species (female) after dissection and digestion with potassium hydroxide. A, general view; B, detail.

FIGURE 4. Putaoa huaping new species. Epigynum. A in On Putaoa, a new genus of the spider family Pimoidae (Araneae) from China, with a cladistic test of its monophyly and phylogenetic placement

FIGURE 4. Putaoa huaping new species. Epigynum. A, ventral; B, dorsal (cleared); C, ventral (cleared). Scale bar, 0.1 mm.

FIGURE 2. A–F, Putaoa seediq n in The discovery of the spider genus Putaoa (Araneae, Pimoidae) in Taiwan with the description of a new species, including its web architecture

FIGURE 2. A–F, Putaoa seediq n. sp., male pedipalp. A, Ectal. B, Dorsal. C, Tegular and embolic division, mesoapical; arrow points to conductor. D, Embolic division, apical (arrows point to apophyses of the pimoid embolic process). E, Ectoventral. F, Paracymbium (arrow points to ectal cymbial process). Abbreviations: C, conductor; E, embolus; PEP, pimoid embolic process; P, paracymbium; T, tegulum. Scale bars, 0.2 mm.

FIGURE 1. A–I, Putaoa seediq n in The discovery of the spider genus Putaoa (Araneae, Pimoidae) in Taiwan with the description of a new species, including its web architecture

FIGURE 1. A–I, Putaoa seediq n. sp. A, C, D, male habitus; B, E–I, female habitus. A–C, live, dorsal. D, male prosoma, anterior. E, F, female prosoma, ventral and dorsal. G–I, epigynum, ventral, caudal and lateral. Scale bars: A, B, 2.0 mm; C, 1.0 mm; except D–E, F 0.5 mm; G–I, 0.2 mm.

FIGURE 4. A–F, Putaoa seediq n in The discovery of the spider genus Putaoa (Araneae, Pimoidae) in Taiwan with the description of a new species, including its web architecture

FIGURE 4. A–F, Putaoa seediq n. sp., epigynum. A, Ventral. B, Lateral. C, Ventral, cleared. D, Dorsal, cleared (arrow points to fertilization duct). Abbreviations: CD, Copulatory ducts; S, spermatheca. Scale bars, 0.2 mm.

FIGURE 3. A–F, Putaoa seediq n in The discovery of the spider genus Putaoa (Araneae, Pimoidae) in Taiwan with the description of a new species, including its web architecture

FIGURE 3. A–F, Putaoa seediq n. sp., male pedipalp. A, Ectal. B, Ventral (left arrow points to ectal apophysis of the pimoid embolic process, right arrow to conductor). C, Mesal. D, Mesoventral (arrow points to conductor). Abbreviations: C, conductor; E, embolus; PEP, pimoid embolic process; P, paracymbium; ST, subtegulum; T, tegulum. Scale bars, 0.2 mm, except D (schematic, free hand).

FIGURE 5. A–F in The discovery of the spider genus Putaoa (Araneae, Pimoidae) in Taiwan with the description of a new species, including its web architecture

FIGURE 5. A–F, Foraging webs of Putaoa seediq n. sp., dusted with cornstarch. A, Sheet web, from above. B, Same web as in A, from below, showing retreat entrance funnel. C, Lampshade web, slightly from below. D, Same as in C, from the side. E, Sheet web, from above. F, Same web as in E, from below, showing retreat entrance funnel.

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FIGURE 4. Putaoa titanoverpa n in Two new species of the spider genus Putaoa (Araneae, Linyphiidae) from southern China

FIGURE 4. Putaoa titanoverpa n. sp., male palp, holotype. A, prolateral; B, retrolateral; C, ventral; D, ectoventral; E, apical. Abbreviations: C = conductor; DSA = distal suprategular apophysis; Em = embolus; EP = embolic process; P = paracymbium; PDS = prolateral distal seta; SPT = suprategulum; ST = subtegulum; T = tegulum. Scale bars, 0.2mm.