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15 results for “Quinolone resistance”
Biofilm formation and plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance genes at varying quinolone inhibitory concentrations in quinolone-resistant bacteria superinfecting COVID-19 inpatients
<p>The likelihood of treatment failure in COVID-19 patients with bacterial superinfection stems from phenotypic, viz., biofilms, and genotypic mechanisms. This cross-sectional study aimed to determine the inhibitory concentrations of quinolones—nalidixic acid, norfloxacin, ciprofloxacin, ofloxacin, and levofloxacin—in biofilm formers [minimum biofilm inhibitory concentration (MBIC)] and non-formers [minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC)] as well as correlate the quinolones' folds with the presence of plasmid-mediated quinolone-resistance (PMQR) genes in quinolone-resistant bacteria isolated from COVID-19 inpatients. Quinolone-resistant isolates (n=193), verified through disc diffusion, were tested for quinolone inhibitory concentrations and biofilm formation with broth microdilution and microtiter plate methods, respectively. Polymerase chain reaction was used to detect PMQR genes. MIC to MBIC median increase in folds for ciprofloxacin, ofloxacin, and levofloxacin was 128 (2-8,192), 64 (4-1,024), and 32 (4-512) in gram-positive cocci (GPC), respectively, while it was 32 (4-8,192), 32 (4-2,048), and 16 (2-1,024) in fermentative-gram-negative bacilli (F-GNB), and 16 (4-4,096), 64 (2-64), and 16 (8-512) in non-fermentative-gram-negative bacilli (NF-GNB). Biofilm-forming F-GNB (32/126) and NF-GNB (10/24) harbored <em>qnrB</em> [11/32 versus (vs.) 3/10], <em>aac(6')-Ib-cr </em>(10/32 vs. 4/10), and <em>qnrS</em> (9/32 vs. 0/10) genes, respectively. A 32-fold median increase in ciprofloxacin was significantly associated with <em>qnrA</em> and <em>qnrS</em> in F-GNB and NF-GNB, respectively. F-GNB and NF-GNB biofilms were significantly associated with <em>aac(6')-Ib-cr</em> and <em>qnrS</em> genes, respectively. Nearly one-third of the superinfecting bacteria in COVID-19 patients formed biofilms, and had at least one PMQR gene, increasing the need for quinolone inhibitory concentrations.</p>
Biofilm formation and plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance genes at varying quinolone inhibitory concentrations in quinolone-resistant bacteria superinfecting COVID-19 inpatients
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Antimicrobial Susceptibility Patterns of N. Gonorrhea Isolates in an Era of Quinolone Resistance
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT00692822. IPD Sharing: Not stated. Countries: 1. Publications: 5.
Carbapenem and Quinolone Resistance in Klebsiella Pneumoniae
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT03767283. IPD Sharing: Not stated. Countries: 1. Publications: 4.
Figure 3 from: Al-Rafyai HM, Alwash MS, Al-Khafaji NS (2021) Quinolone resistance (qnrA) gene in isolates of Escherichia coli collected from the Al-Hillah River in Babylon Province, Iraq. Pharmacia 68(1): 1-7. https://doi.org/10.3897/pharmacia.68.e57819
Figure 3 Distribution of the qnrA gene among quinolone-resistant E. coli isolates in the three sampling sites along the Al-Hillah River.
Figure 2 from: Al-Rafyai HM, Alwash MS, Al-Khafaji NS (2021) Quinolone resistance (qnrA) gene in isolates of Escherichia coli collected from the Al-Hillah River in Babylon Province, Iraq. Pharmacia 68(1): 1-7. https://doi.org/10.3897/pharmacia.68.e57819
Figure 2 Agarose gel electrophoresis of PCR products derived from amplifying the qnrA gene of 61 E. coli isolates (516-bp). Lane M is a 1-kb DNA Ladder, and lanes 1 to 61 are E. coli isolates. Samples were amplified on 1.5% agarose gel, and isolates are labelled at the top of the figure.
Figure 5 from: Al-Rafyai HM, Alwash MS, Al-Khafaji NS (2021) Quinolone resistance (qnrA) gene in isolates of Escherichia coli collected from the Al-Hillah River in Babylon Province, Iraq. Pharmacia 68(1): 1-7. https://doi.org/10.3897/pharmacia.68.e57819
Figure 5 Distribution of the qnrA gene among phylogenetic subgroups of quinolone-resistant E. coli isolates recovered from the three sampling sites.
Figure 4 from: Al-Rafyai HM, Alwash MS, Al-Khafaji NS (2021) Quinolone resistance (qnrA) gene in isolates of Escherichia coli collected from the Al-Hillah River in Babylon Province, Iraq. Pharmacia 68(1): 1-7. https://doi.org/10.3897/pharmacia.68.e57819
Figure 4 Distribution of the qnrA gene among phylogenetic groups of quinolone-resistant E. coli isolates recovered from the three sampling sites.
Insights into antibiotic resistance promoted by quinolone exposure
<p>These data were collected as part of a study looking into the effect of exposing <em>E. coli</em> MG1655 to sub-MIC concentrations of quinolones and other antibiotics. See abstract below:</p> <p>Quinolone-induced antibiotic resistance (QIAR) refers to the phenomenon by which bacteria exposed to sub-lethal levels of quinolones acquire resistance to non-quinolone antibiotics. We have explored this in Escherichia coli MG1655 using a variety of compounds and bacteria carrying a quinolone-resistance mutation in gyrase, mutations affecting the SOS response and mutations in error-prone polymerases. The nature of the antibiotic-resistance</p> <p>mutations was determined by whole-genome sequencing. Exposure to low levels of most quinolones tested led to mutations conferring resistance to chloramphenicol, ampicillin, kanamycin and tetracycline. The mutations included point mutations and deletions, and could mostly be correlated with the resistance phenotype. QIAR depended upon DNA gyrase, and involved the SOS response but was not dependent on error-prone polymerases. Only moxifloxacin, among the quinolones tested, did not display a significant QIAR effect. We speculate that the lack of QIAR with moxifloxacin may be attributable to it acting via a different mechanism. In addition to the concerns about antimicrobial resistance (AMR) to quinolones and other compounds, QIAR presents an additional challenge in relation to the usage of quinolone antibacterials.</p>
A Clinical Study to Evaluate if Benzalkonium Chloride (BAK) in a Quinolone Eyedrop Reduces the Likelihood of Developing Resistant Organisms
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT00874887. IPD Sharing: Not stated. Countries: 2. Publications: 0.
Figure 1 from: Al-Rafyai HM, Alwash MS, Al-Khafaji NS (2021) Quinolone resistance (qnrA) gene in isolates of Escherichia coli collected from the Al-Hillah River in Babylon Province, Iraq. Pharmacia 68(1): 1-7. https://doi.org/10.3897/pharmacia.68.e57819
Figure 1 Geographic locations of the three sampling sites (S1–S3) along the Al Hillah River.
Quinolone Resistance in Bloodstream Isolates of Escherichia Coli
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT00449735. IPD Sharing: Not stated. Countries: 1. Publications: 0.
Risk Factors for Quinolone Resistance Among ESBL Producing Klebsiella Species
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT00518661. IPD Sharing: Not stated. Countries: 1. Publications: 0.
Transcriptional regulation of quinolones and cephalosporins resistance formation by PhoPQ in Salmonella enterica serovar Enteritidis.
GEO Series GSE217589. Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar Enteritidis. 12 samples. Type: Expression profiling by high throughput sequencing.
Quinolone Resistance Profiles and Mechanisms of Staphylococcus Aureus and Escherichia Coli From Humans, Chicken and Catfish Farms in Indonesia
ClinicalTrials.gov study NCT05652556. IPD Sharing: UNDECIDED. Countries: 0. Publications: 0.
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