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61 results for “Red wood ants”
Detection Probability of Red Wood Ants in Friedenweiler, Germany 2015
Estimation of population sizes and species ranges is central to population and conservation biology. It is widely appreciated that imperfect detection of mobile animals must be accounted for when estimating population size from presence-absence data. Sessile organisms also are imperfectly detected, but correction for detection probability in estimating their population sizes is rare. We illustrate challenges of detection probability and population estimation of sessile organisms using censuses of red wood ant (Formica rufa-group) nests as a case study. These ants, widespread in the northern hemisphere, can make large (up to 2m tall), highly visible nests. Using data from a two-day mapping campaign by eight individuals of 147 ant nests spread across sixteen 3600-m2 plots in the Black Forest region of southwest Germany, we developed a Bayesian model for quantifying detection probability of sessile organisms. Detection probabilities by individual observers of red wood ant nests ranged from 0.31 – 0.56, and depended on experience of the observers, size and density of nests, and habitat characteristics. Robust estimation of population density of sessile organisms—even highly apparent ones such as red wood ant nests—requires unbiased estimation of detection probability, just as it does when estimating population density of rare or cryptic species.
Red Wood-Ant Nests and Fault-Related Methane Micro-Seepage 2016
We measured methane (CH4) and stable carbon isotope of methane (ẟ13C-CH4) concentrations in ambient air and within a red wood-ant (RWA; Formica polyctena) nest in the Neuwied Basin (Germany) using high-resolution in-situ sampling to detect microbial, thermogenic, and abiotic fault-related micro-seepage of CH4. Methane degassing from RWA nests was not synchronized with earth tides, nor was it influenced by micro-earthquake degassing or concomitantly measured RWA activity. Two ẟ13C-CH4 signatures were identified in nest gas: −69‰ and −37‰. The lower peak was attributed to microbial decomposition of organic matter within the RWA nest, in line with previous observations that RWA nests are hot-spots of microbial CH4. The higher peak has not been reported in previous studies. We attribute this peak to fault-related CH4 emissions moving via fault networks into the RWA nest, which could originate either from thermogenic or abiotic CH4 formation. Sources of these micro-seepages could be Devonian schists, iron-bearing “Klerf Schichten,” or overlapping micro-seepage of magmatic CH4 from the Eifel plume. Given the abundance of RWA nests on the landscape, their role as sources of microbial CH4 and biological indicators for abiotically-derived CH4 should be included in estimation of methane emissions that are contributing to climatic change.
Geogenic Gases in a Red Wood-Ant Nest and Soil in the Neuwied Basin, Germany 2016
Geochemical tracers of crustal fluids (CO2, He, Rn) provide a useful tool for the identification of buried fault structures. We acquired geochemical data during 7 months of continual sampling to identify causal processes underlying correlations between ambient air and degassing patterns of three gases (CO2, He, Rn) in a nest of red wood ants (Formica polyctena; “RWA”) and the soil at Goloring in the Neuwied Basin, a part of the East Eifel Volcanic Field (EEVF). We explored whether temporal relations and degassing rhythms in soil and nest gas concentrations could be indicators of hidden faults through which the gases migrate to the surface from depth. In nest gas, the coupled system of CO2-He and He concentrations exceeding atmospheric standards 2-3 fold suggested that RWA nests may be biological indicators of hidden degassing faults and fractures at small scales. Equivalently periodic degassing infradian rhythms in the RWA nest, soil, and three nearby mineral springs suggested NW-SE and NE-SW tectonic linkages. Because volcanic activity in the EEVF is dormant, more detailed information on the EEVF’s tectonic, magmatic, and degassing systems and its active tectonic fault zones are needed. Such data could provide additional insights into earthquake processes that are related to magmatic processes at the lower crust.
Fig. 4 in Changes In The Structure Of Nest Complexes Of The Red Wood Ants Formica Rufa And F. Polyctena (Hymenoptera, Formicidae) In Urban Forests
Fig. 4. Degradation of the Formica rufa complex No. 1 (Feofaniya) in terms of average height (4, A) and diameter (4, B) under conditions of intensive construction and recreation; 4, С, D — diameter and height near the nest complex of F. polyctena No. 4 (surroundings of the Observatory), under conditions of felling of the shrub layer and processing of fallen trunks and branches into wood chips.
Figure 4 in Changes In The Structure Of Nest Complexes Of The Red Wood Ants Formica Rufa And F. Polyctena (Hymenoptera, Formicidae) In Urban Forests
Figure 4 shows the degradation trends for the nest complexes of F. rufa No. 1 (4, A, B), F. polyctena No. 4 (4, C, D). For F. rufa No. 1, there was a sharp decrease in the average diameter of anthills in 2014, and on the contrary, an increase since 2015 (fig. 4, A). In 2016, this indicator remained at approximately the same level, and in 2021 it decreased again. In 2022, this nest complex
Fig. 1 in Changes In The Structure Of Nest Complexes Of The Red Wood Ants Formica Rufa And F. Polyctena (Hymenoptera, Formicidae) In Urban Forests
Fig. 1. Location of nest complexes of Formica rufa (diamonds), F. polyctena (triangles) on the territory of the city of Kyiv (Ukraine). The city limits are marked by a red line, the forest areas by dark grey. The numbers correspond to the serial number of each complex.
Figure 3 in Effects of genetic relatedness, spatial distance, and context on intraspecific aggression in the red wood ant Formica pratensis (Hymenoptera: Formicidae)
Figure 3. Correlation between spatial distance and aggression levels in the field. Open circles correspond to monodomous colonies and filled circles correspond to the polydomous one.
Figure 1. Map showing the localities where F in Effects of genetic relatedness, spatial distance, and context on intraspecific aggression in the red wood ant Formica pratensis (Hymenoptera: Formicidae)
Figure 1. Map showing the localities where F. pratensis colonies were sampled for the analysis of genetic relatedness and tested for their aggressive behavior towards each other. The numbers denote the localities. 1: Balaban village (N 41°49ʹ18ʺ, E 27°40ʹ44ʺ) containing three nests; B1, B2, and B3, 2: Asilbeyli village (N 41°39ʹ32ʺ, E 27°13ʹ50ʺ), one nest (As), 3: Ulukonak village (N 41°39ʹ35ʺ, E 27°01ʹ52ʺ) one nest (U), 4: Doğanköy village (N 41°56ʹ12ʺ, E 26°41ʹ20ʺ) one nest (D), and 5: Ahmetler village (N 42°00ʹ37ʺ, E 27°11ʹ12ʺ), three nests; Ah1, Ah2, and Ah3.
Figure 2 in Effect of mound size on intranest thermoregulation in the red wood ants Formicarufa and F. polyctena (Hymenoptera, Formicidae)
Figure 2. The location of the nests of red wood ants in the green zone of Kyiv and forests of Kyiv region (points 4 and 5), Ukraine. Gray scale: light gray–zone of high-density housing; medium gray–zone of urban and natural parks; dark gray–forest areas. 1 –Goloseevsky forest; 2 – Park/monument of landscape gardening art "Feofania"; 3 – Koncha-Zaspa forest; 4 – forest between Khotov and Novoselki villages; 5 – forest in the vicinity of Boyarka; 6 – Left Bank of Kyiv; 7 –Vinohradar district; 8 –Kotsyubinske; 9 –PushchaVoditsa forest; 10 –Svyatoshinsky (Belichansky) forest; 11 – vicinity of Chayka village of; 12 – Lysa Hora regional and landscape park; 13 – vicinity of Petropavlivska Borshchahivka village.
Figure 3 in Highways for red wood ants (Hymenoptera: Formicidae): a new method to increase the size of anthills
Figure 3. Changes in linear indicators of height and diameter of the nest mounds in the control and experimental groups of F. rufa (A) and F. polyctena (B) during the 2023 season.
Figure 1 in Highways for red wood ants (Hymenoptera: Formicidae): a new method to increase the size of anthills
Figure 1. Location of the studied RWA nest mounds. On the left is the Bilychi Forest (Formica polyctena), on the right the Holosiyivo Forest (Formica polyctena, F. rufa).
Figure 2. Red wood ant highways. A in Comparison of the movement speed of three ant (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) species along trails
Figure 2. Red wood ant highways. A) Formica rufa workers on a log and B) lined highway from the mound to the forage tree.
Fig. 4 in Red wood Ants (Formica rufa-group) prefer mature pine forests in Variscan granite environments (Hymenoptera: Formicidae)
Fig. 4 – Numbers of RWA nests versus medium tree age of primary tree species (TS) for a) MGBSF and b) FBBSF
Fig. 2 in Red wood Ants (Formica rufa-group) prefer mature pine forests in Variscan granite environments (Hymenoptera: Formicidae)
Fig. 2 – Tectonic setting of both study areas with a, major tectonic units, faults (black lines) taken from literature (see list under reference section geological maps), b, detailed geologic setting of the Münchsgrün (MG), and c, Falkenberg (FB) study areas with FB forest sections (1-8). In MG area, the older Mitterteich/Steinwald Granite is overlain by Miocene/Pliocene basin-filling sediments.
Fig. 3 in Red wood Ants (Formica rufa-group) prefer mature pine forests in Variscan granite environments (Hymenoptera: Formicidae)
Fig. 3 – In total mapped areas (MG tot; FB tot) and mapped areas within the borders of BSF (MGBSF; FBBSF) for a) MG and b) FB study area.
Fig. 5 in Red wood Ants (Formica rufa-group) prefer mature pine forests in Variscan granite environments (Hymenoptera: Formicidae)
Fig. 5 – Nest height classes[m] versus type of nest material (%) for a, c, spruce, and b, d, pine as primary tree species (TS) in MGBSF and FBBSF.
Fig. 1 – a in Red wood Ants (Formica rufa-group) prefer mature pine forests in Variscan granite environments (Hymenoptera: Formicidae)
Fig. 1 – a, Position of both study areas within Germany close to the Czech border; b, detailing location in the Oberpfälzer Lake district in Tirschenreuth county, NE Bavaria.
Fig. 8 – a in Red wood Ants (Formica rufa-group) prefer mature pine forests in Variscan granite environments (Hymenoptera: Formicidae)
Fig. 8 – a, Spatial distribution of mapped RWA nests in FBBSF based on the 1m DTM provided by the LDBV (2008/2009). Black square indicates a striking radial nest distribution pattern that can be explained by b, "onion-like" joints forming in the granite, as can be seen in the former quarry beneath the ruin Flossenbürg castle, approx. 14.5 km southeast of the FB Study area. Photo credit: M. Gibhardt.
Figure 6 in Effect of mound size on intranest thermoregulation in the red wood ants Formicarufa and F. polyctena (Hymenoptera, Formicidae)
Figure 6. The dependence of heat fluxes on mound sizes in F. rufa and F. polyctena.
Figure 4 in Effect of mound size on intranest thermoregulation in the red wood ants Formicarufa and F. polyctena (Hymenoptera, Formicidae)
Figure 4. Kernel density estimation of F.rufa and F. polyctena nest illuminations.
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Allen Brain Atlas
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International Brain Laboratory public data
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OpenNeuro
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