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274 results for “Rocky Mountains”
Long-term record of lake and stream biogeochemistry from the Loch Vale Watershed, Rocky Mountain National Park, Colorado, USA: 1981-2024
The Loch Vale Watershed (LVWS) Project is a long-term research and monitoring program that addresses watershed-scale ecosystem processes, particularly as they respond to atmospheric deposition and climate variability. The LVWS is a 7-km2 high-altitude basin located within Rocky Mountain National Park in the Colorado Front Range (Colorado, United States of America). This dataset includes year-round measurements of physical water parameters, nutrients, major ions, trace metals, silica, and chlorophyll collected from lakes and streams within the LVWS basin. Related data entities: Scanned field notebooks from the Loch Vale Watershed Project from 1981-2023 are available via this published data release: https://www.sciencebase.gov/catalog/item/6723cba2d34e4f57573e8e45. Quality assurance reports from the Loch Vale Watershed Project are available for specific time periods and can be found at the following locations: 1983-1987: included in this data release under "Other Entities", file name LWVS_QAreport_1983to1987_Denning 1988: included in this data release under "Other Entities", file name LWVS_QAreport_1988_Denning 1989-1990: included in this data release under "Other Entities", file name LWVS_QAreport_1989to1990_Edwards 1995-1998: https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr99111 1999-2002: https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20041306 2003-2009: https://doi.org/10.3133/ofr20111137 2010-2019: https://doi.org/10.3133/tm1D9 The most recent methods manual is included in full in this data release under "Other Entities", file name "LVWS Methods Manual". Please refer to this manual for the detailed methods.
Plant and carbon data, snowmelt manipulation experiment, Rocky Mountain Biological Laboratory (RMBL), 2023
These data are from a 2023 snowmelt manipulation experiment in Vera Meadow at the Rocky Mountain Biological Laboratory. We experimentally advanced the snowmelt date in a montane meadow by approximately 12 days using black shade cloths and assessed the effect on plant and carbon dynamics. We measured net ecosystem exchange, gross primary productivity, and soil respiration using a Li-COR 7500 five times biweekly from June to August, plant community composition using the pin-drop method five times biweekly from June to August, and root biomass nine times using bulk soil cores. Using drone imagery, we measured the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI). This data package is completed.
Temperature, floral density, and Osmia pollen usage data from seven study sites around the Rocky Mountain Biological Laboratory, Colorado: 2013-2023
Data were collected as part of a study of population dynamics of solitary, cavity-nesting Hymenoptera. Nesting structures ("trap-nests") were established at five study sites along an elevational gradient around the Rocky Mountain Biological Laboratory in 2013. Two additional study sites were added in 2014, and one of the original study sites was dropped at the end of 2015. At each site, a HOBO data-logger placed under a centrally located trap-nest records air temperatures hourly. Floral densities are recorded at each site, typically 1-2 times per week, throughout the growing season, for specific plant taxa known to be used as pollen sources by cavity-nesting bees. In addition, pollen samples are taken from the nests of cavity-nesting bees and the constituent plant taxa identified by microscopic comparison with a reference pollen collection from the study area.
Crossing Treeline: Bacterioplankton community composition in alpine and subalpine lakes of the Rocky Mountain southern ecoregion and associated physical and chemical characteristics
This dataset includes lake water samples collected in the summer of 2016 from 16 different mountain lakes in the Rocky mountains in both Rocky Mountain National Park and the Snowy Range of southern Wyoming. Each lake was sampled twice: once in the early summer when hydrologic connections with the surrounding terrestrial environment were high and again in the late summer when hydrologic connections were low. The main goal of the study was to compare communities of bacterioplankton in alpine and subalpine lakes to determine if communities differed across treeline as soil microbes in the surrounding terrestrial environment were. To do so, we collected water samples from the deepest point of each lake, mixed it with a surface water sample and characterized bacterioplankton communities with 16S sequencing technology. Additionally, we wanted to identify abiotic factors that may correlate with community dissimilarity and characterized a suite of chemical attributes for each lake. Lake characteristics reported included surface temperature, soluble reactive phosphorous (SRP), ammonia (NH3+), pH, total dissolved nitrogen (TDN), total dissolved phosphorus (TDP), and total dissolved organic carbon (DOC), and chlorophyll a (chl-a).
Potentilla demographic and environmental data for Rocky Mountains of Colorado (Niwot LTER & RMBL), 2018 - 2020.
To understand parent-hybrid dynamics in cinquefoil (Potentilla) species in the Colorado Rocky Mountains, I am estimating environmental overlap among parents and hybrids, interbreeding among parents and hybrids, and hybrid population growth in multiple natural populations at NWT and the Rocky Mountain Biological Laboratory (RMBL). This data was collected to test broad hypotheses about hybrid-parent dynamics in changing montane environments.
Fecal glucocorticoid metabolite levels of American pika (Ochotona princeps) and habitat characteristics of their associated territories found in rock glaciers adjacent to Niwot Ridge and within Rocky Mountain National Park, 2018 - 2019.
To understand whether stress-associated hormones vary with metrics of habitat quality, we measured fecal glucocorticoid metabolite (FGM) levels in the American pika (Ochotona princeps), a small mammal with well-defined habitat (talus), that can vary in quality depending on the presence of rock ice features (RIFs). In 2018, we sampled pika scat from two types of RIFs: “active” rock glaciers thought to harbor subsurface ice recently, and “fossil” rock glaciers considered long devoid of subsurface ice (as classified by Janke 2005, 2007). Specifically, fecal pellets were collected from pika territories located in rock glaciers within eight sites along the Front Range of Colorado: four in Rocky Mountain National Park (2 active, 2 fossil) and four adjacent to Niwot Ridge (2 active, 2 fossil) (pika_fecal_glu_rg.aw.csv). To account for possible seasonal variation in pika FGM, scat samples were collected in the alpine spring and fall. To understand other influences of habitat quality on FGMs, we also measured fine-scale habitat differences between rock glaciers in 2019, including talus depth, clast size, and land cover metrics related to forage (pika_fecal_habitat_rg.aw.csv).
Material stock map of CONUS - Rocky Mountains
<p>Humanity’s role in changing the face of the earth is a long-standing concern, as is the human domination of ecosystems. Geologists are debating the introduction of a new geological epoch, the ‘anthropocene’, as humans are ‘overwhelming the great forces of nature’. In this context, the accumulation of artefacts, i.e., human-made physical objects, is a pervasive phenomenon. Variously dubbed ‘manufactured capital’, ‘technomass’, ‘human-made mass’, ‘in-use stocks’ or ‘socioeconomic material stocks’, they have become a major focus of sustainability sciences in the last decade. Globally, the mass of socioeconomic material stocks now exceeds 10e14 kg, which is roughly equal to the dry-matter equivalent of all biomass on earth. It is doubling roughly every 20 years, almost perfectly in line with ‘real’ (i.e. inflation-adjusted) GDP. In terms of mass, buildings and infrastructures (here collectively called ‘built structures’) represent the overwhelming majority of all socioeconomic material stocks.</p> <p>This dataset features a detailed map of material stocks in the CONUS on a 10m grid based on high resolution Earth Observation data (Sentinel-1 + Sentinel-2), crowd-sourced geodata (OSM) and material intensity factors.</p> <p><strong>Spatial extent</strong><br> This subdataset covers the <strong>Rocky Mountains CONUS</strong>, i.e.</p> <ul> <li>CO</li> <li>ID</li> <li>MT</li> <li>UT</li> <li>WY</li> </ul> <p>For the remaining CONUS, see the <em>related identifiers</em>.</p> <p><strong>Temporal extent</strong><br> The map is representative for ca. 2018.</p> <p><strong>Data format</strong><br> The data are organized by states. Within each state, data are split into 100km x 100km tiles (EQUI7 grid), and mosaics are provided.</p> <p>Within each tile, images for area, volume, and mass at 10m spatial resolution are provided. Units are m², m³, and t, respectively. Each metric is split into buildings, other, rail and street (note: In the paper, other, rail, and street stocks are subsumed to mobility infrastructure). Each category is further split into subcategories (e.g. building types).</p> <p>Additionally, a grand total of all stocks is provided at multiple spatial resolutions and units, i.e.</p> <ul> <li>t at 10m x 10m</li> <li>kt at 100m x 100m</li> <li>Mt at 1km x 1km</li> <li>Gt at 10km x 10km</li> </ul> <p>For each state, mosaics of all above-described data are provided in GDAL VRT format, which can readily be opened in most Geographic Information Systems. File paths are relative, i.e. DO NOT change the file structure or file naming. </p> <p>Additionally, the grand total mass per state is tabulated for each county in <em>mass_grand_total_t_10m2.tif.csv</em>. County FIPS code and the ID in this table can be related via <em>FIPS-dictionary_ENLOCALE.csv</em>.</p> <p><strong>Material layers</strong><br> Note that material-specific layers are not included in this repository because of upload limits. Only the totals are provided (i.e. the sum over all materials). However, these can easily be derived by re-applying the material intensity factors from (see <em>related identifiers</em>):</p> <p>A. Baumgart, D. Virág, D. Frantz, F. Schug, D. Wiedenhofer, Material intensity factors for buildings, roads and rail-based infrastructure in the United States. Zenodo (2022), <a href="https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5045337.">doi:10.5281/zenodo.5045337.</a></p> <p><strong>Further information</strong><br> For further information, please see the publication.<br> A web-visualization of this dataset is available here.<br> Visit our <a href="https://boku.ac.at/understanding-the-role-of-material-stock-patterns-for-the-transformation-to-a-sustainable-society-mat-stocks">website</a> to learn more about our project MAT_STOCKS - Understanding the Role of Material Stock Patterns for the Transformation to a Sustainable Society.</p> <p><strong>Publication</strong><br> D. Frantz, F. Schug, D. Wiedenhofer, A. Baumgart, D. Virág, S. Cooper, C. Gomez-Medina, F. Lehmann, T. Udelhoven, S. van der Linden, P. Hostert, H. Haberl. Weighing the US Economy: Map of Built Structures Unveils Patterns in Human-Dominated Landscapes. <em>In prep</em></p> <p><strong>Funding</strong><br> This research was primarly funded by the European Research Council (ERC) under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (MAT_STOCKS, grant agreement No 741950). Workflow development was funded by the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG, German Research Foundation)—Project-ID 414984028-SFB 1404.</p> <p><strong>Acknowledgments</strong><br> We thank the European Space Agency and the European Commission for freely and openly sharing Sentinel imagery; USGS for the National Land Cover Database; Microsoft for Building Footprints; Geofabrik and all contributors for OpenStreetMap.This dataset was partly produced on <a href="https://eodc.eu/">EODC</a> - we thank Clement Atzberger for supporting the generation of this dataset by sharing disc space on EODC.</p>
Data for “Herbivory damage but not plant disease under experimental warming is dependent on weather for three subalpine grass species”, Rocky Mountain Biological Laboratory, Gothic, Colorado, 2015-2017.
Both theory and prior studies predict that climate warming should increase attack rates by herbivores and pathogens on plants. However, past work has often assumed that variation in abiotic conditions other than temperature (e.g., precipitation) do not alter warming responses of plant damage by natural enemies. Studies over short time periods span low variation in weather, and studies over long-time scales often neglect to account for fine-scale weather conditions. Here, we used a 20+ year field warming experiment to investigate if warming affects herbivory and disease are dependent on variation in ambient weather observed over three years. We studied three common grass species in a subalpine meadow in the Colorado Rocky Mountains, USA. We visually estimated herbivory and disease every two-weeks during the growing season and evaluated weather conditions during the previous two- or four-week time interval (two-week average air temperature, two- and four-week cumulative precipitation) as predictors of the probability and amount of damage. Herbivore attack was 13% more likely and amount of damage was 29% greater in warmed plots than controls across the focal species, but warming treatment had little affect on plant disease. Herbivory presence and damage increased the most with experimental warming when preceded by wetter, rather than drier, fine-scale weather, but preceding ambient temperature did not strongly interact with elevated warming to influence herbivory. Disease presence and damage increased, on average, with warmer weather and more precipitation regardless of warming. The effect of warming over reference climate on herbivore damage is dependent on and amplified by fine-scale weather variation, suggesting more boom-and-bust damage dynamics with increasing climate variability. However, the mean effect of regional climate change is likely reduced monsoon rainfall, for which we predict a reduction in insect herbivore damage. Plant disease was generally unrelated
Community-level flowering & fitness data across an elevational gradient, Rocky Mountain Biological Lab, 2021-2022
We collected data at three sites in Washington Gulch near the Rocky Mountain Biological Laboratory (RMBL, Gothic, Colorado, USA) from June to August 2021 and 2022. RMBL is located in the East River valley of the West Elk mountains, approximately 10 kilometers from Crested Butte, Colorado. Study sites were located at 2815 m (38°53'50"N, 106°58'43"W), 3165 m (38°57'38"N, 107°01'53"W) and 3380 m (38°58'10"N, 107°01'53"W) in elevation. All sites are approximately 50 m2 and have similar slope and aspect (Sloat et al. 2015). We randomly defined five 1.2 m x 1.2 m plots within each site. Within the plots, we marked all newly open flowering units once per week from early June to mid-August. We counted flowering units as either a single flower (most species), a flowering head (Asteraceae), or an umbel (Apiaceae). We only counted flowering units once as they opened, so counts were not cumulative. We quantified fitness as successful fruit and seed development at the end of the season. When flowers began to produce fruits, we counted the number of units with fruit, the number of developed fruits produced by each flowering unit, and the number of seeds per fruit. We also recorded the week of flowering for each fruit. We could not count fruits and seeds for all species because they disappeared, were consumed too quickly, or did not produce seeds during our field season.
Limnological data for 17 mountain lakes in Banff and Yoho National Parks (Canadian Rocky Mountains) from 2015 to 2022
From 2015 to 2022, mid-summer vertical profiles of temperature, chlorophyll a fluorescence, turbidity, and fDOM were collected in a set of 17 lakes in Banff and Yoho National Parks, Canada. These lakes are located across montane, sub-alpine and alpine ecoregions and they vary widely in elevation (1300-2423 m a.s.l.), surface area (1.5-116 ha) and maximum depth (2.4-39.2 m). Eight of the lakes receive surface and/or groundwater hydrologic inputs from glaciers within the catchment, and the other nine lakes are not glacially-fed. Vertical profiles were collected in each lake within one or two days of an index sampling date between late July and early August using an Exo2 vertical profiling sonde. Measurements were taken at 1 s intervals as the sonde was lowered slowly through the water column, and then averaged over 0.5 m depth intervals. In addition, attenuation rates were estimated for 305 nm, 320 nm, and 380 nm, and PAR (400-700 nm) as the slopes of log-linear regressions of irradiance vs. depth. Downwelling irradiance measured with a Biospherical Instruments underwater radiometer. Vertical Profile Data are contained in Can_Rocky_Mtn_Lakes_Profiles.csv. Attenuation rates are contained in Can_Rocky_Mtn_Lakes_Kd.csv. Information about study lakes is contained in Can_Rocky_Mtn_Lakes_Site_Information.csv.
Percent plant cover, Warming and Removal in Mountains (WaRM) experiment, Rocky Mountain Biological Laboratory, 2013-2022
These data were collected from 2013 to 2022 near the Rocky Mountain Biological Laboratory in Colorado. They are from a climate change experiment that manipulated temperature using open-top chambers to passively warm the air and plant community composition by removing the dominant species in a factorial design at two elevations. We measured the total percent cover of all the plots during the peak season each year, and in 2022, we also measured the total percent cover and species diversity every week. From 2022, air temperature, soil temperature, and soil moisture are also included.
Range size and local abundance data for angiosperm communities across an elevation gradient, Rocky Mountain Biological Lab, 2021-2022
This dataset contains abundance and range size data for angiosperm communities at three sites in Washington Gulch near the Rocky Mountain Biological Laboratory (RMBL, Gothic, Colorado, USA) for 2021 and 2022. RMBL is located in the East River valley of the West Elk mountains, approximately 10 kilometers from Crested Butte, Colorado. Study sites were located at 2815 m (38°53'50"N, 106°58'43"W), 3165 m (38°57'38"N, 107°01'53"W) and 3380 m (38°58'10"N, 107°01'53"W) in elevation, and contained five 1.2 m x 1.2 m plots each. We identified all vascular plants to species level. Each plot was sampled once per year near the peak of the growing season (approximately mid-July, depending on the year and elevation). In each plot, we counted all individuals of every species. To quantify abundance, we averaged local abundance across all five plots at each site and the two data collection years, and then ranked species by averaged abundance within each site (highest to lowest). We calculated range size as Extent of Occurrence (EOO) and Area of Occupancy (AOO). We calculated AOO and EOO with GBIF data using the ‘red’ package. We then ranked species by AOO within each site (largest to smallest).
Holocene insect fossil data for Indian Peaks Wilderness and Rocky Mountain National Park, 1985 and 1993.
Insect fossil assemblages were analyzed from the Indian Peaks Wilderness and Rocky Mountain National Park. Assemblages span the last 10,000 years revealing climate change and the response of both insects and vegetation in the montane to upper subalpine zones. The Longs Peak Inn Bog site (LPIB) yielded insect assemblages ranging in age from recent to 3500 yr BP. This insect fossil record suggests climatic cooling at about 1800 yr BP and between 250 and 300 yr BP (AD 1700-1850). The bog may experience colder microclimates than the surrounding forests, yielding insect assemblages reflective of the colder, local microclimate. Also, alpine and upper subalpine insects may have been washed into the catchment basin of the bog from nearby slopes. Assemblages from four additional Front Range sites suggested a climatic optimum between 9000 and 7000 BP. Faunal evidence indicates a tree-limit decline at 4500 BP. Declining forest-tundra insect ratios, combined with the conifer macrofossil record, suggest a climatic deterioration from 4500 to 3100 BP followed by a rapid amelioration, from 3000 to 2000 BP. A gradual decline in the forest-tundra ratios occurred after 2000 BP, reaching 1:1 ratios at or before 1000 BP.
Data from: Mating tactic influences body condition loss in Rocky Mountain bighorn rams (Ovis canadensis)
<p>In polygynous mating systems, males often employ alternative mating tactics to enhance reproductive success. In Rocky Mountain bighorn sheep, the primary tactics are coursing, involving mating chases, and tending, involving mate guarding. While both tactics are energetically costly and can diminish body condition, it remains unclear whether the associated costs significantly differ and to what extent. Our study investigated the impact of mating tactics, specifically the proportion of time allocated to each, on body condition loss during the rutting season in bighorn sheep. Using a non-invasive photographic method to estimate body condition loss, we found that the proportion of time a male spent tending significantly correlated with body condition loss. In contrast, the percentage of time spent coursing did not show a significant effect. Age was associated with the choice of tactic, with younger males predominantly coursing, older males primarily tending, and some intermediate-aged males employing both tactics concurrently. Despite the higher energetic costs, our results reveal the flexibility in tactic usage and indicate that tending, while demanding, is a high-cost, high-gain strategy, as tending rams are known to sire more offspring.</p>
Figure 3 in Acmaeodera (Coleoptera: Buprestidae): A new species of Acmaeodera Eschscholtz, 1829 from the southwestern United States, with three new synonymies, new state and host records, and a key to species occurring east of the Rocky Mountain states
Figure 3. Acmaeodera conoidea Fall, paralectotype ♂. a) Dorsal view. b) Ventral view. c) Lateral view. d) Broadly arcuate clypeus e) Third stria split near umbone. f) Protarsal claw.
Figure 2. Male genitalia, Acmaeodera tubulus species group. a in Acmaeodera (Coleoptera: Buprestidae): A new species of Acmaeodera Eschscholtz, 1829 from the southwestern United States, with three new synonymies, new state and host records, and a key to species occurring east of the Rocky Mountain states
Figure 2. Male genitalia, Acmaeodera tubulus species group. a) A. natlovei new species. b) A. neoneglecta. c) A. tubulus. d) A. neglecta. e) A. opuntiae.
Figure 1. Acmaeodera natlovei new species. a in Acmaeodera (Coleoptera: Buprestidae): A new species of Acmaeodera Eschscholtz, 1829 from the southwestern United States, with three new synonymies, new state and host records, and a key to species occurring east of the Rocky Mountain states
Figure 1. Acmaeodera natlovei new species. a) Holotype, dorsal view. b) Holotype, ventral view. c) Holotype, lateral view. d) Holotype, clypeus. e) Paratype protarsal claw ♂. f) Paratype protarsal claw ♀.
Data from: Protection status, human disturbance, snow cover and trapping drive density of a declining wolverine population in the Canadian Rocky Mountains
<p>Protected areas are important in species conservation, but high rates of human-caused mortality outside their borders and increasing popularity for recreation can negatively affect wildlife populations. We quantified wolverine (<em>Gulo gulo</em>) population trends from 2011 to 2020 in >14 000 km2 protected and non-protected habitat in southwestern Canada. We conducted wolverine and multi-species surveys using non-invasive DNA and remote camera-based methods. We developed Bayesian integrated models combining spatial capture-recapture data of marked and unmarked individuals with occupancy data. Wolverine density and occupancy declined by 39 percent, with an annual population growth rate of 0.925. Density within protected areas was 3 times higher than outside and declined between 2011 (3.6 wolverines/1000 km2) and 2020 (2.1 wolverines/1000 km2). Wolverine density and detection probability increased with snow cover and decreased near development. Detection probability also decreased with human recreational activity. The annual harvest rate of 13% was above the maximum sustainable rate. We conclude that humans negatively affected the population through direct mortality, sub-lethal effects and habitat impacts. Our study exemplifies the need to monitor population trends for species at risk – within and between protected areas - as steep declines can occur unnoticed if key conservation concerns are not identified and addressed.</p>
Dataset: Rocky Mountain Chocolate Factory, Inc. (RMCF) Stock Performance
This dataset provides historical stock market performance data for specific companies. It enables users to analyze and understand the past trends and fluctuations in stock prices over time. This information can be utilized for various purposes such as investment analysis, financial research, and market trend forecasting.
Linked collectors and determiners for: Rocky Mountain Biological Laboratory.
Natural history specimen data linked to collectors and determiners held within, "Rocky Mountain Biological Laboratory". Claims or attributions were made on Bionomia by volunteer Scribes, <a href="https://bionomia.net/dataset/e82092b5-e2b0-4db8-8cca-22e11272af6b">https://bionomia.net/dataset/e82092b5-e2b0-4db8-8cca-22e11272af6b</a> using specimen data from the dataset aggregated by the Global Biodiversity Information Facility, <a href="https://gbif.org/dataset/e82092b5-e2b0-4db8-8cca-22e11272af6b">https://gbif.org/dataset/e82092b5-e2b0-4db8-8cca-22e11272af6b</a>. Formatted as a Frictionless Data package.
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