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250 results for “Ryukyu Archipelago”
Data from: Seasonal diet partition among top predators of a small island, Iriomotejima island in the Ryukyu Archipelago, Japan
<p>In general, small islands lack predators because species at higher trophic levels often cannot survive. However, two predators—the Iriomote cat <em>Prionailurus bengalensis iriomotensis</em>, and the Crested Serpent Eagle<em> Spilornis cheela perplexus</em>—live on Iriomotejima Island in the Ryukyu Archipelago, which covers an area of approximately 284 square kilometers. To understand how these two top predators coexist on such a small island with limited resources, we focused on their seasonal feeding habits which are considered crucial for survival in such an island ecosystem. To compare the diets of the Iriomote cat and Crested Serpent Eagle, we used DNA metabarcoding analysis of their fecal samples. In the summer, we identified 16 prey items from Iriomote cat fecal samples, and 15 Crested Serpent Eagle fecal samples. In the winter, we identified 37 and 14 prey items, respectively. Using a non-metric multidimensional scaling (NMDS) and a permutational multivariate analysis of variance (PERMANOVA), our study reveals significant differences in the diet composition at the order level between the predators during both seasons. Furthermore, although some prey items at the species-to-order level overlapped between the two predators, the frequency of occurrence of most prey items differed between them in both seasons. These results suggest that this difference in diets was one of the reasons why the Iriomote cat and the Crested Serpent Eagle coexisted on such a small island.</p>
Fig. 3 in First Japanese Record of Uropterygius fasciolatus (Muraenidae: Uropterygiinae) Collected from Yonaguni-jima Island, Ryukyu Archipelago
Fig. 3. Illustration of teeth on maxilla (left) and mandible (right) in Uropterygius fasciolatus (KAUM–I. 88910, 441.4 mm TL) collect- ed from Yonaguni-jima island, Japan.
Fig. 1 in First Japanese Record of Uropterygius fasciolatus (Muraenidae: Uropterygiinae) Collected from Yonaguni-jima Island, Ryukyu Archipelago
Fig. 1. Fresh specimen of Uropterygius fasciolatus (upper: KAUM–I. 88909, 304.0 mm TL; middle: KAUM–I. 88910, 441.4 mm TL) collect- ed from Yonaguni-jima island, Japan, and holotype (lower: BMNH 1877.2.24.84, 304.0 mm TL) collected from Atafu in the Tokelau Islands.
Fig. 6 in First Record of Maculobates (Acari: Oribatida: Liebstadiidae) from Japan, with a Redescription Based on Specimens from the Ryukyu Archipelago
Fig. 6. Bayesian tree of Maculobates bruneiensis Ermilov, Chatterjee and Marshall, 2013 and brachypyline mites based on 18S rRNA sequence data. Numbers adjacent to clades represent the posterior probabilities of the BI analysis. Family and superfamily names follow Subías (2013).
Fig. 5 in First Record of Maculobates (Acari: Oribatida: Liebstadiidae) from Japan, with a Redescription Based on Specimens from the Ryukyu Archipelago
Fig. 5. Maculobates bruneiensis Ermilov, Chatterjee and Marshall, 2013, sex unknown (NSMT-Ac 13819). A, leg 1, posterior view; B, leg 2, posterior view; C, leg 3, posterior view; D, leg 4, posterior view. Scale bar: 100 µm.
Fig. 2 in First Record of Maculobates (Acari: Oribatida: Liebstadiidae) from Japan, with a Redescription Based on Specimens from the Ryukyu Archipelago
Fig. 2. Maculobates bruneiensis Ermilov, Chatterjee and Marshall, 2013. A, prodorsum, lateral view, sex unknown (NSMT-Ac 13817); B, SEM photograph of prodorsum, lateral view, sex unknown; C, notogaster, lateral view, sex unknown (NSMT-Ac 13817). Scale bars: 50 µm.
Fig. 4 in First Record of Maculobates (Acari: Oribatida: Liebstadiidae) from Japan, with a Redescription Based on Specimens from the Ryukyu Archipelago
Fig. 4. SEM photographs of Maculobates bruneiensis Ermilov, Chatterjee and Marshall, 2013, sex unknown. A, ventral view; B: base of leg 4, ventral view, leg 4 removed; C, base of leg 4, lateral view. Scale bars: 50 µm for A; 30 µm for B and C.
Fig. 7 in First Record of Maculobates (Acari: Oribatida: Liebstadiidae) from Japan, with a Redescription Based on Specimens from the Ryukyu Archipelago
Fig. 7. Maximum likelihood (ML) tree of Maculobates bruneiensis Ermilov, Chatterjee and Marshall, 2013 and brachypyline mites based on 18S rRNA sequence data. Numbers adjacent to clades represent the bootstrap percentages of the ML analysis based on 1000 replicates. Family and superfamily names follow Subías (2013).
Fig. 3 in First Record of Maculobates (Acari: Oribatida: Liebstadiidae) from Japan, with a Redescription Based on Specimens from the Ryukyu Archipelago
Fig. 3. Maculobates bruneiensis Ermilov, Chatterjee and Marshall, 2013. A, palp, sex unknown (NSMT-Ac 13818); B, SEM photographs of tarsus of palp, lateral view, sex unknown; C, SEM photograph of ventral view, sex unknown; D, chelicerae, sex unknown (NSMT-Ac 13818). Scale bars: 30 µm for A and D; 5 µm for B and C.
Fig. 2 in First Japanese records of Anguilla luzonensis (Osteichthyes: Anguilliformes: Anguillidae) glass eels from Okinawa-jima Island, Ryukyu Archipelago, Japan
Fig. 2. Caudal fin and caudal pigmentation pattern of Anguilla luzonensis glass eel (fresh specimens), KYUM-PI-05434.
Fig. 3 in First Japanese records of Anguilla luzonensis (Osteichthyes: Anguilliformes: Anguillidae) glass eels from Okinawa-jima Island, Ryukyu Archipelago, Japan
Fig. 3. Neighbor-joining phylogenetic tree of species of Anguilla in the Indo-Pacific waters based on partial 16S rRNA sequences. The numbers beside internal branches indicate bootstrap probabilities for 1,000 replicates.
Fig. 3 in First Japanese Record of Muraenichthys gymnopterus (Anguilliformes, Ophichthidae) from Ishigaki-jima Island, Ryukyu Archipelago
Fig. 3. Sensory pores on the head (A), teeth on the maxilla and palatal areas (B), and teeth on the lower jaw (C) of Muraenichthys gymnopterus (WMNH-PIS12244; 174.5 mm total length) collected from Nagura Amparu in Ishigaki-jima Island, Japan. IMT, intermaxillary teeth; IO, infraorbital pores; LL, lateral-line pores; POM, preoperculomandibular pores; SO, supraorbital pores; UJT, upper-jaw teeth; VT, vomerine teeth. Arrows indicate the locations of interorbital and median supratemporal pores.
Fig. 1 in First Japanese Record of Muraenichthys gymnopterus (Anguilliformes, Ophichthidae) from Ishigaki-jima Island, Ryukyu Archipelago
Fig. 1. Map of the sampling site at which the Muraenichthys gymnopterus specimen was collected in Nagura Amparu, Ishigaki-jima Island, Japan (A); photograph of the sampling site at low tide just before we collected a specimen of M. gymnopterus on 29 October 2020 (B).
Fig. 10. Paracalliope dichotomus Morino, 1991 in Two Species of Paracalliopiidae from the Ryukyu Archipelago in Japan, with the Description of a New Species (Crustacea: Amphipoda)
Fig. 10. Paracalliope dichotomus Morino, 1991, male (OMNH-Ar-12087), 2.3 mm, habitus, right lateral view.
Fig. 9 in Two Species of Paracalliopiidae from the Ryukyu Archipelago in Japan, with the Description of a New Species (Crustacea: Amphipoda)
Fig. 9. Mucrocalliope ryukyuensis sp. nov. and M. shimantoensis Ariyama and Azuma, 2011. Length ratio of 4th article to 5th article in male antenna 2 peduncle relative to body length.
Fig. 8 in Two Species of Paracalliopiidae from the Ryukyu Archipelago in Japan, with the Description of a New Species (Crustacea: Amphipoda)
Fig. 8. Mucrocalliope ryukyuensis sp. nov. Photograph of a fixed specimen (male, 7 hours after fixation) collected together with paratype female (OMNH-Ar-12082), 2.3 mm, most part of pereopod 7 lost. Scale: 0.5 mm.
Fig. 6 in Two Species of Paracalliopiidae from the Ryukyu Archipelago in Japan, with the Description of a New Species (Crustacea: Amphipoda)
Fig. 6. Mucrocalliope ryukyuensis sp. nov., paratype, ovigerous female (OMNH-Ar-12081), 2.3 mm, habitus, right lateral view.
Fig. 5 in Two Species of Paracalliopiidae from the Ryukyu Archipelago in Japan, with the Description of a New Species (Crustacea: Amphipoda)
Fig. 5. Mucrocalliope ryukyuensis sp. nov., holotype, male (OMNH-Ar-12077), 2.8 mm. A, Left epimeral plates 1–3, lateral view; B–D, right pleopods 1–3, anterior views; E, right uropod 1, dorsolateral view; F, right uropod 2, lateral view; G, left uropod 3, medial view; H, telson, dorsal view. Scales: 0.1 mm.
Fig. 7 in Two Species of Paracalliopiidae from the Ryukyu Archipelago in Japan, with the Description of a New Species (Crustacea: Amphipoda)
Fig. 7. Mucrocalliope ryukyuensis sp. nov., A–H, paratype, ovigerous female (OMNH-Ar-12081), 2.3 mm; I, paratype, male (OMNH- Ar-12083), 2.1 mm. A, B, Left antennae 1, 2, lateral views; A1, accessory flagellum of left antenna 1, lateral view; B1, peduncular articles 2, 3 of right antenna 2, lateral view (reversed); C, D, left gnathopods 1, 2, lateral views; E, F, oostegites on left coxae 3, 4, lateral views; G, H, left pereopods 5, 7, lateral views; I, propodus and dactylus of left gnathopod 2, lateral view, slender setae omitted. Scales: 0.05 mm.
Fig. 4 in Two Species of Paracalliopiidae from the Ryukyu Archipelago in Japan, with the Description of a New Species (Crustacea: Amphipoda)
Fig. 4. Mucrocalliope ryukyuensis sp. nov., A–G, holotype, male (OMNH-Ar-12077), 2.8 mm; E1, paratype, male (OMNH-Ar-12078), 2.5 mm. A, Right gnathopod 1, lateral view; B, left gnathopod 2, lateral view; B1, palm and dactylus of left gnathopod 2, medial view, slen- der setae omitted; C–G, right pereopods 3–7, lateral views, gills on coxae 5, 6 lost; E1, carpus–dactylus of left pereopod 5 (reversed). Scales: 0.1 mm.
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