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12 results for “Sabulina”
Evolution of the Sabulina verna group (Caryophyllaceae) in Europe: A deep split, followed by secondary contacts, multiple allopolyploidization and colonization of challenging substrates
<p>One of the major goals of contemporary evolutionary biology is to elucidate the relative roles of allopatric and ecological differentiation and polyploidy in speciation. In this study, we address the taxonomically intricate <em>Sabulina verna</em> group, which has a disjunct Arctic–alpine postglacial range in Europe and occupies a broad range of ecological niches, including substrates toxic to plants. Using genome-wide ddRAD sequencing combined with morphometric analyses based on extensive sampling of 111 natural populations, we aimed to disentangle internal evolutionary relationships and examine their correspondence with the pronounced edaphic and ploidy diversity within the group. We identified two spatially distinct groups of diploids: a widespread Arctic–alpine group and a spatially restricted yet diverse Balkan group. Most tetraploids exhibited a considerably admixed ancestry derived from both these groups, suggesting their allopolyploid origin. Four genetic clusters in congruence with geography and mostly supported by morphological traits were recognized in the diploid Arctic–alpine group. Tetraploids are split into two distinct and geographically vicariant groups, indicating their repeated polytopic origin. Furthermore, our results also revealed at least five-fold parallel colonization of toxic substrates (serpentine and metalliferous), altogether demonstrating a complex interaction between geography, challenging substrates, and polyploidy in the evolution of the group. Finally, we propose a new taxonomic treatment of this intricate complex.</p>
Supplementary material 1 from: Legler BS, Dillenberger MS (2017) Two new species of Sabulina (Caryophyllaceae) from Washington State, U.S.A. PhytoKeys 81: 79-102. https://doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.81.13106
Voucher information for herbarium specimens examined : Explanation note: General information and provenance for herbarium vouchers of Sabulina taxa examined for morphological characters and geographic distribution. Included are taxon names, general collection locations, collector names and numbers, herbarium acronyms and accession numbers.
Supplementary material 2 from: Legler BS, Dillenberger MS (2017) Two new species of Sabulina (Caryophyllaceae) from Washington State, U.S.A. PhytoKeys 81: 79-102. https://doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.81.13106
Sample information and GenBank accessions of sequenced specimens : Explanation note: Voucher specimens of Caryophyllaceae taxa sequenced for phylogenetic analysis. Included are taxon names, sample extraction numbers, general collection location, collector names and numbers, herbarium acronyms and accession numbers, and GenBank numbers for ITS and trnQ-rps16 sequences.
FIGURE 2 in Molecular and morphological evidences of Sabulina nerimanae sp. nov. (Caryophyllaceae)
FIGURE 2. Sabulina nerimanae: (A) habit, (B) flower, (C) cyme, (D) bract, (E) sepal, (F) petal, (G) gland, (H) capsule.
FIGURE 1 in Molecular and morphological evidences of Sabulina nerimanae sp. nov. (Caryophyllaceae)
FIGURE 1. The ML tree showing the genetic relationships of Sabulina nerimanae, 9 Sabulina taxa and the outgroup Bufonia tenuifolia based on the ITS region.
Evolution of the Sabulina verna group (Caryophyllaceae) in Europe: A deep split, followed by secondary contacts, multiple allopolyploidization and colonization of challenging substrates
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Figure 6 from: Legler BS, Dillenberger MS (2017) Two new species of Sabulina (Caryophyllaceae) from Washington State, U.S.A. PhytoKeys 81: 79-102. https://doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.81.13106
Figure 6 - Distribution of Sabulina basaltica and S. sororia. A–B Reference maps of western North America and Washington State, indicating locations of inset maps C Known locations for Sabulina basaltica (open black circles) within the northeastern Olympic Mountains; gray shading indicates the predicted extent of potential habitat based on exposures of oceanic basalt rocks at subalpine to alpine elevations D Known locations for Sabulina sororia (open black squares) within the Twin Sisters Range; gray shading indicates the predicted extent of potential habitat based on exposures of dunite rock away from large snowfields at subalpine to alpine elevations.
Figure 5 from: Legler BS, Dillenberger MS (2017) Two new species of Sabulina (Caryophyllaceae) from Washington State, U.S.A. PhytoKeys 81: 79-102. https://doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.81.13106
Figure 5 - Representative habitats. A–C Sabulina basaltica habitat A Basalt slope near the type locality (Legler 14177) B–C Plants in crevices of basalt rock faces (Legler 14177, Legler 14183) D–F Sabulina sororia habitat D Reddish-colored dunite slope at the type locality (Legler 14263) E–F Plants among dunite rock and gravel (Legler 14263, Legler 14268).
Figure 4 from: Legler BS, Dillenberger MS (2017) Two new species of Sabulina (Caryophyllaceae) from Washington State, U.S.A. PhytoKeys 81: 79-102. https://doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.81.13106
Figure 4 - Sabulina sororia. A Plant forming a loose mat (Legler 14263) B Excavated plant with loosely sprawling stems (Legler 14268) C Fresh leaves and persisting, 1-veined, dead leaves (Legler 14263) D Excavated plant (Legler 14263) E–F Cymose inflorescences (Legler 14263) G Dried, 1-veined leaves (Legler 14263) H Dead leaves with only midvein persisting (Legler 14263) I Ovate-lanceolate, purple-tinged sepals (Legler 14263) J Sepals and petals, showing shapes and relative lengths (Legler 14263) K–L Flowers with different combinations of stamen and style lengths (Legler 14263) M Dried flower with dehisced capsule longer than sepals (Legler 14263) N Seeds (Legler 14263). Black scale bars are 1 mm.
Figure 3 from: Legler BS, Dillenberger MS (2017) Two new species of Sabulina (Caryophyllaceae) from Washington State, U.S.A. PhytoKeys 81: 79-102. https://doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.81.13106
Figure 3 - Sabulina basaltica. A Plant forming a tight mat (Legler 14178) B Excavated plant with taproot (Legler 14184) C Fresh leaves and persisting, 3-veined, dead leaves (Legler 14177) D Dead, persisting, 3-veined leaves (Legler 14178) E–F Cymose inflorescences (Legler 14177, Legler 14175) G Solitary terminal flower (Legler 14184) H Sepals and petals, showing shapes and lengths (Legler 14184) I–J Flowers with different combinations of stamen and style lengths (Legler 14177, Legler 14184) K Partially dissected flower showing hypanthium and nectaries (Legler 14183) L Dehisced capsule with seeds (Legler 14183) M Seeds (Legler 14183). Black scale bar is 1 mm.
Figure 2 from: Legler BS, Dillenberger MS (2017) Two new species of Sabulina (Caryophyllaceae) from Washington State, U.S.A. PhytoKeys 81: 79-102. https://doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.81.13106
Figure 2 - Line drawings of Sabulina basaltica and Sabulina sororia. A–E. Sabulina basaltica. A Habit B Dried leaf with 3 veins C Cymose, bracteate inflorescence with two flowers D Capsule with dried, 3-veined sepals (with sepals pushed outwards and withered petals removed to reveal capsule) E Seed F–I Sabulina sororia F Habit G Dried leaf with 1 vein H Flower I Capsule with dried, 3-veined sepals (withered petals removed).
Figure 1 from: Legler BS, Dillenberger MS (2017) Two new species of Sabulina (Caryophyllaceae) from Washington State, U.S.A. PhytoKeys 81: 79-102. https://doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.81.13106
Figure 1 - Maximum likelihood phylogenies of Sabulina. A Cladogram of the ITS dataset B Cladogram of the trnQ-rps16 dataset. Phylogenies obtained with RAxML, values above branches are bootstrap support values (only ≥ 70 shown) C., Colobanthus; F., Facchinia; S., Sabulina; Sag., Sagina.
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