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2,495 results for “Science studies”
Optimizing laboratory cultures of <i>Gammarus fossarum</i> (Crustacea: Amphipoda) as a study organism in environmental sciences and ecotoxicology
<p>Supplemental code and data for Alther, Krähenbühl, Bucher & Altermatt (2022) 'Optimizing laboratory cultures of <em>Gammarus fossarum</em> (Crustacea: Amphipoda) as a study organism in environmental sciences and ecotoxicology' (DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.158730). The repository folder contains three text files and a corresponding R script.</p> <p>Rerunning the analysis and producing figures requires two raw data files: LabdataAK_v6_210616_Daylength_input.txt and Nutrition_Exp_KaplanMeier_v1_input.txt. In order to reproduce the analysis and figures, run 'AmphipodHusbandry_20220919.R'. Make sure that your working directory is the folder containing all data files, easily achieved by (re)starting R (or R Studio) by double-clicking the R script file in the folder. The analysis script will produce all the figures from the paper, organized in a folder 'Results' and a subfolder 'Supplement'. Figures are prepared as pixel graphics (PNG).</p> <p>The R script was tested in R ver. 4.1.1 (Windows 10, version 21H1), 4.1.3 (macOS 11.6), and 4.2.0 (Ubuntu 22.04. Required packages are survival (version 3.2-13 worked), survminer (version 0.4.9 worked), and vioplot (version 0.3.7 worked).</p>
Survey Study about Motivation for Participants in Citizen Science Projects
<p>The survey study about motivation for participants in Citizen Science projects was designed within the ongoing H2020 project named <a href="https://actionproject.eu/">ACTION</a> (pArticipatory sCience Toolkit agaInst pollutiON). Volunteers participate to citizen science initiatives for multiple reasons: personal enjoyment, desire for improvement or achievement, establishment of personal relationships, care for the environment, etc.<br> Studying motivation and investigating the factors influencing people participation to citizen science projects is an essential aspect in the analysis of citizen science communities. Understanding the reasons that foster people to engage can support the successful design and implementation of effective participant involvement tasks, as well as pave the way for long-term engagement.<br> The goal of the study is to analyse the motivation to participate of a specific citizen science community and the structure of the survey proposed shuold be customised considering the topic of the activities.</p> <p><br> This research object describes the studies performed within the ACTION project to investigate motivations of different citizen science communities: the TESS Network (<a href="https://tess.stars4all.eu/">https://tess.stars4all.eu/</a>); the 6 ACTION pilots (<a href="https://actionproject.eu/citizen-science-pilots">https://actionproject.eu/citizen-science-pilots</a>) Mapping Mobility, Open Soil Atlas, Water Sentinels, Restart Data Workbench, Wow Nature, Walk Up Aniene.<br> The surveys were designed and administered through Coney (<a href="https://coney.cefriel.com">https://coney.cefriel.com</a>) and made available as linked data exploiting the Survey Ontology (<a href="https://w3id.org/survey-ontology">https://w3id.org/survey-ontology</a>).</p> <p>The research object adopts the <a href="https://www.researchobject.org/ro-crate/1.0/">RO-Crate</a> specification. Files made available within the research object are:</p> <ul> <li><em>*-procedure.ttl</em> contains the RDF representation of the <strong>template</strong> structure of the conversational survey (questions, answers, etc.) using the <a href="https://w3id.org/survey-ontology">Survey Ontology</a></li> <li>*-<em>mean-var-motivating-questions.csv </em>contains the computed mean and average for each question considered (observable variables) comparing all the surveys performed</li> <li>*-<em>mean-var-motivating-factor.csv </em>contains the computed mean and average for each motivation factor considered (latent variables) comparing all the surveys performed</li> <li>*-<em>correlation-factors-global-motivation.csv </em>contains the correlation analysis between each motivation factor and the global motivation comparing all the surveys performed</li> </ul> <p>The Research Object also references all the RO-Crates describing the different survey motivation studies in details.</p>
Open Source and Open Science Sustainability Year-long Study - Pseudonymised
<p>Research software is often abandoned or shut down, for one reason or another. While some reasons may be straightforward, e.g. a sole maintainer has moved on, or grant funding has ceased - some projects are able to withstand these barriers and may remain active and maintained despite adversity.</p> <p>This study monitors open source projects over the period of a year, measuring common performance indicators, to see if any indicators are common to projects that remain sustainable and active.</p> <p>This study uses mixed methods:</p> <ol> <li>Initial survey gathers info about the project age, leadership, and GitHub (or other source control) URLs. Participants are asked to add <a href="https://sustainable-open-science-and-software.github.io/readme_notice">a short notice to their readme</a>.</li> <li>After the initial survey, we gathered information about the GitHub projects such as number of contributors, number of PRs, time taken to close/merge these PRs, and issues closed. Some of this info is gathered using scripts, and other parts are gathered manually. An example of a manual metric is the Code of Conduct - while we can programmatically check for the <em>existence</em> of CodeOfConduct.md, we can’t easily check for enforcement contacts without manual checks.</li> <li>6 months and 12 months after the initial survey, we send follow up surveys, and in month 12 we re-run the GitHub metrics to compare to month 0.</li> </ol> <p> </p> <p>For more study info see: <a href="https://sustainable-open-science-and-software.github.io/">https://sustainable-open-science-and-software.github.io/</a></p> <p> </p>
Delphi Study: Exploring the Implications of Large Language Models on the Science System
<p><strong>Sample description:</strong> Our target audience consisted of researchers working in the fields of science, technology, and society with a specific interest in Large Language Models (LLMs).</p> <p><strong>Collection method: </strong>Participants were recruited through the professional and personal networks of the authors, as well as the Alexander von Humboldt Institute (HIIG), using a combination of generic emails via LimeSurvey and personal contacts.</p> <p><strong>Description. </strong>The aim of this study was to explore the impact of large language models, specifically ChatGPT, on scholarly practice and academic writing, targeting researchers and experts in the fields of artificial intelligence, science, and technology who publish their research and scientific work. The two-stage Delphi survey sought to identify and assess the potential opportunities and challenges associated with the use of ChatGPT in academic work and scientific writing, with a specific focus on research impact rather than university teaching. Phase 1 yielded 72 responses, while Phase 2 had 52 responses.</p> <p>To conduct our analysis, we developed two distinct codebooks (see Files ChatGPT Delphi Codebook Phase 1.csv and ChatGPT Delphi Codebook Phase 2.csv) for the Delphi study. The first codebook was created by examining approximately half of the responses, extracting relevant information, and generating codes through inductive reasoning. We then categorized and developed subcodes based on these initial codes, assigning them to each participant's answers using deductive reasoning. For example, when addressing the potential applications of ChatGPT and other language models (LLMs), we identified six subcategories with precise definitions and illustrative examples. The analysis in Phase 1 led to the formulation of ranking questions for Phase 2, focusing on determining the most frequently utilized applications of ChatGPT and other LLMs based on the established codes.</p> <p>During Phase 2, we introduced two additional open-ended questions to explore the impact of ChatGPT and LLMs on the scientific system and society, aiming to envision future scenarios. The analysis of these questions in the second codebook followed a similar approach to Phase 1, including inductive reasoning for code generation and deductive reasoning for assigning codes to the answers. We observed overlapping codes with the Phase 1 codebook and assigned them to the second codebook. Additionally, we noted a shift in the connotation of certain answers from neutral in Phase 1 to being perceived as either positive or negative consequences of ChatGPT and other LLMs. This observation prompted the bifurcation of specific codes to capture the nuanced perspectives. For instance, applications such as reducing administrative tasks initially seen as valuable aids for researchers were sometimes viewed as potential causes for job replacement, implying negative outcomes.</p> <p>For detailed information on the analytical approach employed, including references to these methodologies, please refer to the methodology chapter in the official publication.</p> <p><strong>Content</strong></p> <ol> <li> <p>Questionaire-ChatGPT-Delphi-Phase1-Limesurvey-Export.pdf – This file file is an exported version of the Phase 1 questionnaire from Limesurvey. It includes the description, socio demographic questions, content questions, and a request for participant naming.</p> </li> <li> <p>Questionaire-ChatGPT-Delphi-Phase2-Limesurvey-Export.pdf – This file file is an exported version of the Phase 2 questionnaire from Limesurvey. It includes the description, socio demographic questions, content questions, and a request for participant naming.</p> </li> <li> <p>ChatGPT Delphi - Results Phase 1.pdf – This file contains the responses and corresponding questions from Phase 1 of the Delphi study. The responses provided by the participants are in the form of open-ended answers. As part of this publication, we have ensured the anonymity of the participants.</p> </li> <li> <p>ChatGPT Delphi - Results Phase 2. pdf – This file contains the responses and corresponding questions from Phase 2 of the Delphi study. It encompasses the ranking answers provided by the participants, as well as two open-ended answers. To maintain anonymity consistently, all participants have been anonymized again in this publication of our results.</p> </li> <li> <p>ChatGPT Delphi Codebook Phase 1.pdf – This file contains the Phase 1 codebook, which presents the primary codes, their respective subcodes, detailed definitions, and noteworthy examples.</p> </li> <li> <p>ChatGPT Delphi Codebook Phase 2.pdf – This file contains the Phase 1 codebook, which provides a comprehensive overview of the primary codes within the given scenario. It includes their corresponding subcodes, detailed definitions, and notable examples to enhance understanding and interpretation.</p> </li> </ol>
Materiali del sito Open Science - Università degli Studi di Palermo Sistema Bibliotecario e Archivio storico di Ateneo (SBA) - Servizi di supporto alla ricerca
<p>Contenuti, immagini e poster del sito Open Science, sottosezione del portale delle biblioteche del portale di Ateneo, Università degli Studi di Palermo</p>
Open Digital Science Study - Scenarios
<p>Narrative scenarios about envisaged future use of ODS exemplifying ODS semantics, implications, trends and thus providing the necessary level of concreteness for detailed discussions with experts and general public.</p> <p>ODS concept and vision refinement are pursued using scenarios of potential future ODS usage as a proxy. The scenarios assist in communicating the vision, explore future trends, discuss options for measuring ODS uptake and impact and generally stimulate the discussion with a broad community. </p> <p>The different aspectsof ODS are difficult to embrace in a single definition or description. We therefore propose to facilitate the ODS vision validation using future ODS scenarios as an intermediary conceptual step. These scenarios about the future of ODS help to communicate the ideas, discuss trends and their implications, understand issues and collect policy needs. Scenario-based exploratory techniques have proven useful for strategic forecasting of technical trends [Geschka & Hanenwald 13, Mieke 07, Lizaso et al. 04] and more recently for research and technology policy [Prem et al. 14, Prem 14]. </p> <p>Open online discussions (facilitated by study team members and supported by the imagery of future ODS scenarios) play a central element of the ODS methodology. </p> <p>The scenarios facilitate communication of different ODS vision aspects and the expert and open community assessment. </p>
Retractions in Humanities and Social Sciences: A Study of Retracted Papers from China
<p>This dataset presents a comprehensive study of retractions in the field of Humanities and Social Sciences (HSS), focusing specifically on retracted papers originating from China. </p>
The Surface Biology and Geology Architecture Study Science and Applications Traceability Matrix (SATM)
<p>This dataset provides a synthesis of the National Academies of Sciences 2017 Earth Science Decadal Survey mission most and very important objectives for the Surface Biology and Geology Earth Observing system consisting of a global visible to shortwave infrared imaging spectrometer and a multi-spectral thermal infrared radiometer. These objectives are traced to performance criteria used for assessing hundreds of potential architecture variants in an architecture study outlined in a paper titled: "Designing an Observing System to Study the Surface Biology and Geology (SBG) of the Earth in the 2020s".</p>
Text-fig. 5. Vegetation zones in P. R. China (Editorial Committee of Vegetation Map of China, The Chinese Academy of Sciences 2007), and assumed location of extant reference vegetation type of Wiesa fossil assemblage (rectangle), as revealed from qualitative floristic analysis. Extant reference vegetation type present in southern belt of zone of subtropical evergreen broadleaved forest, with minor overlap into zone of tropical forest. in Assessment Of Phytogeographic Reference Regions For Cenozoic Vegetation: A Case Study On The Miocene Flora Of Wiesa (Germany)
Text-fig. 5. Vegetation zones in P. R. China (Editorial Committee of Vegetation Map of China, The Chinese Academy of Sciences 2007), and assumed location of extant reference vegetation type of Wiesa fossil assemblage (rectangle), as revealed from qualitative floristic analysis. Extant reference vegetation type present in southern belt of zone of subtropical evergreen broadleaved forest, with minor overlap into zone of tropical forest.
ScintPi: A low-cost, easy-to-build GPS ionospheric scintillation monitor for DASI studies of space weather, education, and citizen science initiatives
<p>These data sets contain ionospheric scintillation (GPS L1) observations (S4 indices) collected by a ScintPi prototype during 2018 at a low magnetic latitude station (Presidente Prudente). ScintPi is a low-cost, easy-to-build GPS ionospheric scintillation monitor for DASI studies of space weather, education, and citizen science initiatives.</p> <p>The file named "ScintPi_PPR_S4_2018.mat" contains S4 values (s4mat) for 2018 as a function of universal time (utmat), day-of-year (doymat), GPS satellite identifier number (prnmat), GPS satellite elevation (elmat) and azimuth (azmat) angles.</p> <p>The file named "ScintPi_PPR_20180211.mat" contains example raw (10 Hz) measurements made by ScintPi on February 11, 2018. The file contains values of receiver's altitude, latitude and longitude (variables alt,lat, and lon), GPS satellite azimuth and elevation (variables el and az), GPS identifier number (prn), signal-to-noise ratio (snr), and day-of-year (doy).</p>
Compilation of Moon internal structure models and seismic event locations presented in Garcia et al., Space Science Review, 2019 study
<p>Compilation of of previously published internal structure model of the Moon in "named discontinuities" seismological format + 3 new models associated to the above mentioned study + previously published Moon quake location estimates by various authors.</p> <p>The study, the internal structure models and quake locations compilation were performed by the ISSI international research team on Moon Seismology and internal structure described here: http://www.issibern.ch/teams/internstructmoon/</p>
Using ELN Functionality of Kadi4Mat (KadiWeb) in a Materials Science Case Study of a User Facility
<p>This record contains the dataset belonging to the paper "Using ELN Functionality of Kadi4Mat (KadiWeb) in a Materials Science Case Study of a User Facility"</p>
Yes! We're open. Open science and the future of academic practices in translation and interpreting studies - Supplementary material
<p>Supplementary material to the article "<em>Yes! We’re open</em>. Open science and the future of academic practices in translation and interpreting studies" by Christian Olalla-Soler. </p> <ul> <li>Sheet 1: Translation and Interpreting Studies journals and bibliometric indicators.</li> <li>Sheet 2: Translation and Interpreting Studies articles in Scopus.</li> <li>Sheet 3: Pre-registrations related to translation and interpreting.</li> </ul> <p>Reference:</p> <p>Olalla-Soler, Christian (2021). "<em>Yes! We’re open</em>. Open science and the future of academic practices in translation and interpreting studies". <em>Translation & Interpreting</em> 13 (2): 1-28. <a href="https://doi.org/10.12807/ti.113202.2021.a01">https://doi.org/10.12807/ti.113202.2021.a01</a></p>
Benefits and limitations of environmental magnetism for completing citizen science on air quality: a case study in a street canyon.
<p>Inside a street canyon in Montpellier (France) a total of 72 deposimeters were deployed in 29 households for a period of 3 months to measure local air quality. This street canyon was chosen because dwellers were already mobilized against the street traffic, and because they were in conflict on this issue with policy makers. The project aimed to include all the stakeholders through co-construction. The closure of the street during the metrological campaign and the absence of agreement curbed their involvement and motivation. However, the feedbacks from the citizen partners promote the fact that this study supported their claims and brought them a deeper understanding on the micro-scale air quality monitoring. Indeed, it is increasingly difficult for citizens, who seemed specifically interested in what is happening right outside their front door, to understand this measure with the emergence of ever more low-cost sensors. For that reason, we examined the citizen’s degree of confidence in magnetic monitoring of air quality and how can this technique be useful in their claims. The results show that magnetism can be a measurement technique favorable to citizen participation because it provides a large amount of data at the micro-scale of the street level, while the data from the certified associations for monitoring air quality requires a spatial interpolation to map variations on a neighborhood scale. In this study, we proposed a magnetic air quality index to standardize and democratize the magnetic monitoring of air quality to facilitate the dialogue with all stakeholders.</p>
Drawing the Boundaries Around Borderline Personality Disorder: A Science Mapping Study
<p><strong>Objective: </strong>The objective of this study was to conduct a bibliometric investigation of borderline personality disorder (BPD) including performance analysis, science mapping, and network visualization. <strong>Methods: </strong>Publications relating to BPD were retrieved from the Web of Science™ by entering the term “borderline personality disorder(all-fields)” and analyzed with the Bibliometrix.. R<strong>esults: </strong>A total of 10,368 documents on BPD were published from 1980 to 2022. Publication volume increased by an average annual rate of 13.7%. The total number of citations of the period was 361,184, with an average citation per document of 34.8. Articles in “medical” journals tended to cite articles in the “medical” ones, while those in “psychological” journals did the same with their “psychological” counterparts. The list of the most cited articles includes predominantly studies on several modalities of psychotherapy for BPD. Articles about psychotherapy formed a separate co-citation cluster from the main body of publications and authors with stronger research imprinting on cognitive, dialectical, and mentalization- and schema-based psychotherapies formed a separate cluster from other authors, possibly reflecting the pivotal role played by psychotherapies in the treatment of BPD. European countries collaborated among themselves, while the USA stood relatively apart. German, Dutch, and Swiss institutions, headed by the Heidelberg University, cooperated mainly among themselves while the USA ones formed separated networks around Harvard University. <strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our results indicate that research on BPD is a conceptually and thematically heterogeneous, geographically and institutionally diversified, integrated collaborative enterprise.</p> <p> </p>
All site data for Citizen Science (Guildford case study)
<p>The collected data during citizen science activities in Guildford using low-cost sensors.</p>
Data from: One and two year visual outcomes from the Moorfields age-related macular degeneration database: a retrospective cohort study and an open science resource
Objectives: To analyse treatment outcomes and share clinical data from a large, single-center, well-curated database (8174 eyes / 6664 patients with 120,756 single entries) of patients with neovascular age related macular degeneration (AMD) treated with anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF). By making our depersonalised raw data openly available, we aim to stimulate further research in AMD, as well as setting a precedent for future work in this area. Setting: Retrospective, comparative, non-randomised electronic medical record (EMR) database cohort study of the UK Moorfields AMD database with data extracted between 2008 and 2018. Participants: Including one eye per patient, 3357 eyes/patients (61% female). Extraction criteria were ≥ 1 ranibizumab or aflibercept injection, entry of "AMD" in the diagnosis field of the EMR, and a minimum of one year of follow-up. Exclusion criteria were unknown date of first injection and treatment outside of routine clinical care at Moorfields before the first recorded injection in the database. Main outcome measures: Primary outcome measure was change in VA at one and two years from baseline as measured in Early Treatment Diabetic Retinopathy Study (ETDRS) letters. Secondary outcomes were the number of injections and predictive factors for VA gain. Results: Mean VA gain at one-year and two years were +5.5 (95%CI:5.0,6.0) and +4.9 (95%CI:4.2,5.6) letters respectively. Fifty-four percent of eyes gained ≥5 letters at two years, 63% had stable VA (±≤14 letters), forty-four percent of eyes maintained good VA (≥70 letters). Patients received a mean of 7.7 (95%CI:7.6,7.8) injections during year one and 13.0 (95%CI:12.8,13.2) injections over two years. Younger age, lower baseline VA, and more injections were associated with higher VA gain at two years. Conclusion: This study benchmarks high quality EMR study results of real life AMD treatment and promotes open science in clinical AMD research by making the underlying data publicly available.
Grib and ASCII data, subset ERA-I for shallow water waves Ocean Science study
<p>Specific output from ERA-I reanalysis (wave model component) containing interated parameters, see https://doi.org/10.5194/os-13-1-2017</p>
MapOSR - A Mapping Review Dataset of Empirical Studies on Open Science
<p>Research that investigates respective researchers’ engagement in Open Science varies widely in the topics addressed, methods employed, and disciplines investigated, which makes it difficult to integrate and compare its results. To investigate current outcomes of Open Science research, and to get a better understanding on topicswell-researched and on research gaps we aim at providing an openly accessible overview of empirical studies that focus on different aspects of Open Science in different scientific disciplines, academic groups and geographical regions. The present data set of studies about Open Science practices was retrieved following a PRISM approach to compile a literature review. We include studies from the Scopus and Web of Science databases with keywords relating to Open Science between the years 2000 and 2020, as well as a snowball search for relevant articles. Studies that did not investigate any aspect of Open Science, or weren’t peer reviewed were excluded, resulting in a total of 695 remaining studies. The data set was collaboratively annotated to ensure intercoder reliability of the coded data.</p>
Leveraging Commercial Cubesat Constellations for Auroral Science: A Case Study
<p>Planet satellite magnetometer data to accompany the paper "Leveraging Commercial Cubesat Constellations for Auroral Science: A Case Study"</p>
ScienceDex guides
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These curated guides explain access requirements, typical timelines, costs, and reuse considerations for widely used research datasets.
Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
ABODe is a University of Edinburgh DataShare dataset for behavior classification in group-housed mice using home-cage video, identities, bounding boxes, ground-plate positions, and annotator labels.
DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.