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64 results for “Seasonal environment”
Examination of protein-like fluorophores in chromophoric dissolved organic matter (CDOM) in a wetland and coastal environment for the wet and dry seasons of the years 2002 and 2003 (FCE)
Water samples are collected at the end of the dry and the wet season from all LTER sites and stored on ice until return to the lab. They are pre-filtered through pre-combusted GF/F filters and ultrafiltered and concentrated with a Pellicon 2 Mini tangential flow ultrafiltration system.Concentrated samples were then analyzed using fluorescence and SEC-HPLC. This CDOM optical study revealed the presence of two classes of compounds associated with the protein-like peak (peak T; excitation/emission (Ex/Em) maxima at around 280 nm/325 nm), which have very different chemical structures and ecological roles. In addition to proteins, we propose phenolic compounds as possible origins of peak T in coastal and wetland environments. In this study, natural water samples were obtained from subtropical rivers and estuarine environments within the Florida Coastal Everglades (FCE) ecosystem. The samples were ultra-filtered and excitation-emission fluorescence matrices (EEMs) were obtained. The EEMs showed the presence of four peaks with Ex/Em maxima at around 280 nm/325 nm (T), less than 260 nm/460 nm (A), 300 nm/412nm (M), and 350 nm/470 nm (C). To better understand the nature of peak T, the components originating this peak were separated using size exclusion chromatography (SEC) and detected by fluorescence emission at Ex/Em = 280 nm/325 nm. The elution curves revealed the presence of two elution peaks at a molecular weight of greater than 50K (void volume; T1) and around 7.6K (T2). This result suggested the need of cautious interpretation in the use of peak T as a proxy for the detection of proteinaceous materials in wetland and estuarine environments, since significant amounts of potentially interfering phenolic compounds are leached from senescent biomass in wetland and coastal ecosystems. As such EEM spectra of gallic acid an important component of hydrolysable tannins, and condensed tannins extracted from red mangroves (Rhizophora mangle) showed the presence of a peak maxima
Supplemental tables for a study of the seasonal Impacts of the Physical Environment on Biogeochemical Cycles in Arctic Lakes of the Mackenzie River Delta
<p>submitted abstract</p> <p>We conducted two- and six-year-long deployments of continuous water samplers (OsmoSamplers) and sensors (Temperature, pressure, light level, dissolved oxygen (DO) and conductivity) in nine lakes within the mid- to outer-delta region of the Mackenzie River and documented biogeochemical fluctuations (Mn, Fe, sulfate, and DO), defined physical processes that that drive such fluctuations, and constrained the impact of lake solutes on annual riverine fluxes. Five lakes were in the mid-delta region near Inuvik, NT, two lakes were in the outer delta, and two lakes were on the Arctic coastal plain and were not impacted by the Mackenzie River. In general, temperature minima occurred in September/October, indicative of ice formation, and distinct hydrostatic pressure (water level) anomalies occurred in May/June associated with ice breakup, lasting for days to months and impacting lake levels up to 4.2 m higher than “normal”. Such anomalies coincide with a dramatic change in solute concentrations. Systematic changes in solute concentrations indicate redox-driven biogeochemical reactions, salt exclusion during ice formation, and continuous to sporadic exchange of river water. Redox reactions were regulated by DO inputs stemming from atmospheric, photosynthetic, and riverine sources. During ice-covered periods dissolved sulfate may be conservative but was generally removed. Manganese and iron concentrations showed phases of production and removal during ice-covered periods, but both were produced overall. Calculated solute fluxes from lake waters alone to the Arctic Ocean may only impact yearly riverine fluxes for solutes that exceed ten times the river concentration prior to ice breakup (e.g., Mn and Fe).</p>
Seasonal Effects in Gastrointestinal Parasite Prevalence, Richness and Intensity in Vervet Monkeys Living in a Semi-Arid Environment
<p>Data and R Notebook for Seasonal Effects in Gastrointestinal Parasite Prevalence, Richness and Intensity in Vervet Monkeys Living in a Semi-Arid Environment</p>
Fig. 2 in Resource use by the facultative lepidophage Roeboides affinis (Günther, 1868): a comparison of size classes, seasons and environment types related to impoundment
Fig. 2. Medians of percentage volume of scales consumed by Roeboides affinis in the upper Tocantins river, from 1995 to 2000, in: (a) different environmental types (Lotic, n = 38, vs. Lentic, n = 52); (b) seasons (Dry, n = 25, vs. Wet, n = 68); (c) size classes 1 (n = 12), 2 (n = 38), 3 (n = 26), 4 (n = 9) and 5 (n = 5) and (d) different post-impoundment phases (Filling, n = 9, vs. Operation, n = 2) in lentic sites.
Fig. 1 in Resource use by the facultative lepidophage Roeboides affinis (Günther, 1868): a comparison of size classes, seasons and environment types related to impoundment
Fig. 1. CA ordination of 155 individuals of Roeboides affinis of two groups formed by five size classes (Group1, n = 33, and Group 2, n = 22) according to the consumption of food items (volumetric proportions) in the upper Tocantins River in two environment types (Lotic, n = 61, vs. Lentic, n = 94) related to its impoundment by the Serra da Mesa Hydroelectric Dam, from 1995 to 2000.
Fig. 7 in Temporal dynamics of fruit-feeding butterflies (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae) in two habitats in a seasonal Brazilian environment
Fig. 7. Non-metric multidimensional scaling based on the Nymphalidae species composition captured in 4 climatic periods—wet (dark blue), dry (red), transition from wet to dry (T.wd, light blue), and transition from dry to wet (T.dw, black)—in 2 habitats, savanna (S) and gallery forest (F) in the Fazenda Água Limpa and the Reserva Ecológica do Roncador, Brasília, DF. A.dem, Archeoprepona demophon; M.hel, Morpho helenor; and P.pol, Pariphthimoides poltys best characterize the T.dw, whereas C.aco, Catonephele acontius; P.oci, Pareupthichia ocirrhoe; and T.lao, Temenis laothoe best characterize the T.wd. Stress: 0.15.
Fig. 6 in Temporal dynamics of fruit-feeding butterflies (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae) in two habitats in a seasonal Brazilian environment
Fig. 6. Pielou's evenness values of the Nymphalidae species in the dry and wet seasons and in the transitional periods between these 2 seasons,from wet to dry (T.wd) and from dry to wet (T.dw), in savanna (Cerrado sensu stricto, ss) and forest (gallery forest) habitats in the Fazenda Água Limpa and the Reserva Ecológica do Roncador, Brasília, DF. Different lowercase letters represent significant differences (P <0.05).
Fig. 4. A in Temporal dynamics of fruit-feeding butterflies (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae) in two habitats in a seasonal Brazilian environment
Fig. 4. A) Temporal variation in Nymphalidae abundance captured in the dry and wet seasons and in the 2 transitional periods between those seasons, from wet to dry (T.wd) and from dry to wet (T.dw), in savanna (Cerrado sensu stricto, ss) and forest (gallery forest) habitats of the Fazenda Água Limpa and the Reserva Ecológica do Roncador, Brasília, DF. The box plots show the differences between the 4 climatic periods, considering B) the total butterfly abundance (gallery forest + savanna), and that C) in the gallery forest and D) in the savanna separately. Different lowercase letters represent significant differences (P <0.05).
Fig. 3 in Temporal dynamics of fruit-feeding butterflies (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae) in two habitats in a seasonal Brazilian environment
Fig. 3. Circular analysis of the number of individuals reflecting the abundance of the different Nymphalidae subfamilies and tribes captured from Jul 2012 to Jun 2013 in the Fazenda Água Limpa and Reserva Ecológica do Roncador. In this analysis, each column's length represents the observed abundance and the arrow the tendency of the highest abundance.
Fig. 2 in Temporal dynamics of fruit-feeding butterflies (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae) in two habitats in a seasonal Brazilian environment
Fig. 2. Circular analysis of the number of individuals reflecting the abundance of Nymphalidae captured from Jul 2012 to Jun 2013 in the Fazenda Água Limpa and Reserva Ecológica do Roncador. In this analysis, each column's length represents the observed abundance and the arrow the tendency of the highest abundance.
Fig. 1. Rarefaction curves, generated with 1,000 in Temporal dynamics of fruit-feeding butterflies (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae) in two habitats in a seasonal Brazilian environment
Fig. 1. Rarefaction curves, generated with 1,000 randomizations without replacement, based on the MauTau (Sobs, black circles) and "total" estimated (Jackknife 1, gray circles) values. The data of Nymphalidae species richness was acquired from Jul 2012 to Jun 2013 in the Fazenda Água Limpa and the Reserva Ecológica do Roncador, Brasilia, DF.
Fig. 2 in Influence of altitude and seasonality in the termite species richness and nests density in a hill environment of the Brazilian Caatinga
Fig. 2. NMDS of species composition in foot and top of a hill environment in a dry forest, ParaÍba, Brazil (dimensions = 2).
Fig. 1 in Influence of altitude and seasonality in the termite species richness and nests density in a hill environment of the Brazilian Caatinga
Fig. 1. Rarefaction curves of the richness of termites and number of encounters in a hill environment of a dry forest, ParaÍba, Brazil. a) dry and b) wet seasons.
Data for: Differences in mucilage properties and stomatal sensitivity of locally adapted Zea mays in relation with precipitation seasonality and vapour pressure deficit regime of their native environment
<p>Dataset PlantDirect published manuscript:</p> <p>Berauer <em>et al.</em> (2023) - Differences in mucilage properties and stomatal sensitivity of locally adapted Zea mays in relation with precipitation seasonality and vapour pressure deficit regime of their native environment</p> <p>Article DOI: <em><strong>10.1002/pld3.519</strong></em></p> <p> </p> <p>All data is provided within one excel file. Please, pay attention to the provided ReadMe sheet for information on the dataset.</p>
Data from: Wolbachia impacts microbiome diversity and fitness-associated traits for Drosophila melanogaster in a seasonally fluctuating environment
Open the record for dataset details and reuse information.
Data from: thyroid hormone concentrations in female baboons: metabolic consequences of living in a highly seasonal environment
<p>How female mammals adapt metabolically in response to environmental variation remains understudied in the wild, because direct measures of metabolic activity are difficult to obtain in wild populations. However, recent advances in the non-invasive measurement of fecal thyroid hormones, triiodothyronine (T3), an important regulator of metabolism, provide an opportunity to understand how female baboons living in the harsh Amboseli ecosystem in southern Kenya adapt to environmental variability and escape strict reproductive seasonality. Specifically, we assessed how a female's activity budget, diet, and concentrations of fecal T3 metabolites (mT3) changed over the course of the year and between years. We then tested which of several environmental variables (season, rainfall, and temperature) and behavioral variables (female activity budget and diet) best predicted mT3 concentrations. Finally, we determined if two important reproductive events – onset of ovarian cycling and conception of an offspring – were preceded by changes in female mT3 concentrations. We found female baboons' mT3 concentrations varied markedly across the year and between years as a function of environmental conditions. Further, changes in a female's behavior and diet only partially mediated the metabolic response to the environment. Finally, mT3 concentrations increased in the weeks prior to menarche and cycling resumption, regardless of the month or season in which cycling started. This pattern indicates that metabolic activation may be an indicator of reproductive readiness in female baboons as their energy balance is restored.</p>
Figure 3 in Seasonality effect on ant (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) activity in an ecotonal environment in the state of Piauí, Brazil
Figure 3. Non-metric multidimensional scaling – NMDS of ant composition according to seasonality in an ecotonal area between the Caatinga and Cerrado biomes at Floriano, Piauí, Brazil.
Figure 2 in Seasonality effect on ant (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) activity in an ecotonal environment in the state of Piauí, Brazil
Figure 2. Number of ant species (average values) collected according to the seasons studied in a transition area between the Caatinga and Cerrado biomes in Floriano, Piauí, Brazil. The lines link the number of species caught in each collection point.
Seasonal dynamics in the mammalian microbiome between disparate environments
<p>Host-associated bacterial microbiomes can facilitate host acclimation to seasonal environmental change and are hypothesized to help hosts cope with recent anthropogenic environmental perturbations (e.g., landscape modification). However, it is unclear how recurrent and recent forms of environmental change interact to shape variation in the microbiome. The majority of wildlife microbiome research occurs within a single seasonal context. Meanwhile, the few studies of seasonal variation in the microbiome often restrict focus to a single environmental context. By sampling urban and exurban eastern grey squirrel populations in the spring, summer, autumn, and winter, we explored whether seasonal rhythms in the grey squirrel gut microbiome differed across environments using a 16S amplicon sequencing approach. Differences in the microbiome between urban and exurban squirrels persisted across most of the year, which we hypothesize is linked to anthropogenic food consumption; but we also observed similarities in the urban and exurban grey squirrel microbiome during the autumn, which we attribute to engrained seed caching instincts in preparation for the winter. Host behaviour and diet selection may therefore be capable of maintaining similarities in microbiome structure between disparate environments. However, the depletion of an obligate host mucin glycan specialist (Akkermansia) during the winter in both urban and exurban squirrels was among the strongest differential abundance patterns we observed. In summary, urban grey squirrels showed different seasonal patterns in their microbiome than squirrels from exurban forests, however, in some instances host behaviour and physiological responses might be capable of maintaining similar microbiome responses across seasons. </p>
Crown morphology in Norway spruce (Picea abies [Karst.] L.) as adaptation to mountainous environments is associated with single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in genes regulating seasonal growth rhythm
Trees growing at high altitude or latitude have to be adapted, amongst others, to the lower temperatures, a shorter vegetation period, heavier snow load and frost desiccation. Association between molecular genetic markers and climatic variables may provide evidence for the genetic control of climatic adaptation. With increasing genomic resources, several genes with importance to climatic adaptation are identified over a wide range of tree species. Commonly, circadian clock genes are linked to the adaptation to lower temperatures and especially to a shortened vegetation period, as they are regulating metabolic and phenological processes in the day-night shift and seasonal change. Potentially adaptive "candidate" genes associated with latitudinal and elevational gradients were identified in several Picea spp. Before molecular markers became available to study climatic adaptation, phenotypic traits measured in natural populations and/or common garden studies were used to search for their association with climate variables. In Norway spruce, the crown architecture is the most noticeable trait associated with altitude and the related environment. The mountainous narrow-crowned morphotype is characterised by superior resistance to snow breakage in regions with heavy snow fall. In total, the crown shape was assessed in 765 individual trees from mountainous regions in the Thuringian Forest, the Ore Mountains (Saxony) and Harz Mountains (Lower-Saxony/Saxony-Anhalt), and they were genotyped at 44 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in 24 adaptive trait related candidate genes. Six SNPs in three genes, APETALA 2-like 3 (AP2L3), GIGANTEA (GI), and mitochondrial transcription termination factor (mTERF) were associated with variation in crown shape. GI has previously been identified in angiosperms and gymnosperms to be associated with temperature and growth cessation. Our results showed that crown morphology in Norway spruce is associated with genetic markers which are putatively involved in the complex process of genetic adaptation to climatic conditions at high altitudes.
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Allen Brain Atlas
Allen Brain Atlas is an Allen Institute collection of brain map atlases, datasets, APIs, and analysis tools covering mouse, human, and non-human primate brain resources.
Annotated Behaviour and Observability Dataset (ABODe)
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DANDI Archive for NWB datasets
DANDI is a BRAIN Initiative archive for publishing and sharing neurophysiology data, including electrophysiology, optophysiology, and behavioral data packaged as NWB and related standards.
International Brain Laboratory public data
The International Brain Laboratory public data releases expose standardized mouse decision-making experiments, including Neuropixels recordings, widefield calcium imaging, behavior, and session metadata accessed through the ONE API.
OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.