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20 results for “Sedimentary record”
Permafrost-thaw lake development in Central Yakutia: sedimentary ancient DNA and element analyses from a Holocene sediment record
<p>In Central Yakutia (Siberia) livelihoods of local communities depend on alaas (thermokarst depression) landscapes and the lakes within. Development and dynamics of these alaas lakes are closely connected to climate change, permafrost thawing, catchment conditions, and land use. To reconstruct lake development throughout the Holocene we analyze sedimentary ancient DNA (sedaDNA) and biogeochemistry from a sediment core from Lake Satagay, spanning the last c. 10,800 calibrated years before present (cal yrs BP). SedaDNA of diatoms and macrophytes and microfossil diatom analysis reveal lake formation earlier than 10,700 cal yrs BP. The sedaDNA approach detected 42 amplicon sequence variants (ASVs) of diatom taxa, one ASV of Eustigmatophyceae (Nannochloropsis), and 12 ASVs of macrophytes. We relate diatom and macrophyte community changes to climate-driven shifts in water level and mineral and organic input, which result in variable water conductivity, in-lake productivity, and sediment deposition. We detect a higher lake level and water conductivity in the Early Holocene (c. 10,700–7000 cal yrs BP) compared to other periods, supported by the dominance of Stephanodiscus sp. and Stuckenia pectinata. Further climate warming towards the Mid-Holocene (7000–4700 cal yrs BP) led to a shallowing of Lake Satagay, an increase of the submerged macrophyte Ceratophyllum, and a decline of planktonic diatoms. In the Late Holocene (c. 4700 cal yrs BP–present) stable shallow water conditions are confirmed by small fragilarioid and staurosiroid diatoms dominating the lake. Lake Satagay has not yet reached the final stage of alaas development, but satellite imagery shows an intensification of anthropogenic land use, which in combination with future warming will likely result in a rapid desiccation of the lake.</p>
Data from: A sedimentary eDNA record of the Atacama Trench reveals biodiversity changes in the most productive marine ecosystem
<p>The hadopelagic environment remains highly understudied due to the inherent difficulties in sampling at these depths. The use of sediment eDNA can overcome some of these restrictions as settled and preserved DNA represent an archive of the biological communities. We use sediment eDNA to assess changes in the community within one of the world's most productive open ocean ecosystems: the Atacama Trench. The ecosystems around the Atacama Trench have been intensively fished and are affected by climate oscillations, but the understanding of potential impacts on the marine community is limited. We sampled five sites using sediment cores at water depths from 2400 to ~8000m. The chronologies of the sedimentary record were determined using 210Pbex. Environmental DNA was extracted from core slices and metabarcoding was used to identify the eukaryote community using two separate primer pairs for different sections of the 18S rDNA gene (V9 and V7) effectively targeting pelagic taxa. The reconstructed communities were similar among markers and mainly composed of chordates and members of the Chromista kingdom. Alpha-diversity was estimated for all sites in intervals of 15 years (from 1842 to 2018), showing a severe drop in biodiversity from 1970 to 1985 that aligns with one of the strongest known El Niño events. We argue that the harsh adverse ENSO events potentially combined with extensive fishing efforts during this period of time resulted in a distinct reduction of marine biodiversity. Fish and cnidarian read abundance was examined separately to determine if fishing had a direct impact, but no direct relation was found. These results demonstrate that sediment eDNA can be a valuable emerging tool providing insight in historical perspectives on ecosystem developments. This study constitutes one of the first steps toward an improved understanding of the importance of environmental and anthropogenic drivers in affecting open and deep ocean communities.</p>
Data for: Holocene sedimentary record and coastal evolution in the Makran subduction zone (Iran)
<p>The data comes from the study of Holocene beaches from the Iranian Makran. More exactly, the beaches in Pozm bay, Chabahar bay and the longitudinal beach west of the village of Beris. The data contain field pictures and their legends, results and analytical details of radiocarbon dating, SEM secondary electron images of the analysed shells and the results and analytical details of optically stimulated luminescence dating (OSL).<br> The data is published in support for the paper mentioned in the title.</p> <p>A to D are field pictures and legends of:<br> A - Pozm bay field pictures<br> B - Chabahar bay field pictures<br> C - Beris beach field pictures<br> D - Observed current depositional settings</p> <p>E - Radiocarbon dating results and analytical supplementary information<br> F - Secondary electrons SEM images of the analysed shells</p> <p>G - OSL dating results and analytical supplementary information</p> <p>Radiocarbon analytical details are provided, together with XRD analysis of the Aragonitic shells, SEM secondary electron images of analysed shells and calibration details. Method details are in the paper.</p> <p>OSL results are provided with the analytical details, such as: Environmental dose parameters, OSL raw measurements (out of the machine), OSL Histograms and Dose-Recovery tests. Method details are in the paper.</p>
Data from: A sedimentary eDNA record of the Atacama Trench reveals biodiversity changes in the most productive marine ecosystem
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Permafrost-thaw lake development in Central Yakutia: sedimentary ancient DNA and element analyses from a Holocene sediment record
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Supporting Information: Sedimentary events at the Jurassic–Cretaceous transition in the Slovenian Basin (Alpine Atlantic): further evidences for palaeoenvironmental record in pelagic sediments
<p>Dataset containing raw elemental geochemistry data (ICP-MS, pXRF and GRS measurements), stable carbon and oxygen isotopes, as well as rock magnetic data from the Tithonian-Berriasian of the Petrovo Brdo section (Slovenia). Supplementary information for the research entitled "The Jurassic-Cretaceous transition in the Slovenian Basin (Alpine Atlantic): further evidence for palaeoenvironmental record in pelagic sediments" published in <em>Geochemistry, Geophysics, Geosystems. </em></p>
Data from: A decline in molluscan carbonate production driven by the loss of vegetated habitats encoded in the Holocene sedimentary record of the Gulf of Trieste
Carbonate sediments in non-vegetated habitats on the NE Adriatic shelf are dominated by shells of molluscs. However, the rate of carbonate molluscan production prior to the 20th century eutrophication and overfishing on this and other shelves remains unknown because (1) monitoring of ecosystems prior to the 20th century was scarce and (2) ecosystem history inferred from cores is masked by condensation and mixing. Here, based on geochronological dating of four bivalve species, carbonate production during the Holocene is assessed in the Gulf of Trieste, where algal and seagrass habitats underwent a major decline during the 20th century. Assemblages of sand-dwelling Gouldia minima and opportunistic Corbula gibba are time-averaged to > 1,000 years and C. gibba shells are older by >2,000 years than shells of co-occurring G. minima. This age difference is driven by temporally disjunct production of two species coupled with decimeter-scale mixing. Stratigraphic unmixing shows that Corbula gibba declined in abundance during the highstand phase and increased again in the 20th century. In contrast, one of the major contributors to carbonate sands, Gouldia minima, increased in abundance during the highstand phase, but declined to almost zero abundance over the past two centuries. G. minima and herbivorous gastropods associated with macroalgae or seagrasses are abundant in the top-core increments but are rare alive. Although G. minima is not limited to vegetated habitats, it is abundant in such habitats elsewhere in the Mediterranean Sea. This live-dead mismatch reflects the difference between highstand baseline communities (with soft-bottom vegetated zones and hard-bottom Arca beds) and present-day oligophotic communities with organic-loving species. Therefore, the decline in light penetration and the loss of vegetated habitats with high molluscan production traces back to the 19th century. More than 50% of the shells on the seafloor in the Gulf of Trieste reflect inactive production that was sourced by heterozoan carbonate factory in algal or seagrass habitats.
Data from: Islands in the ice: detecting past vegetation on Greenlandic nunataks using historical records and sedimentary ancient DNA meta-barcoding
Nunataks are isolated bedrocks protruding through ice sheets. They vary in age, but represent island environments in "oceans" of ice through which organism dispersals and replacements can be studied over time. The J.A.D. Jensen's Nunataks at the southern Greenland ice sheet are the most isolated nunataks on the northern hemisphere - some 30 km from the nearest biological source. They constitute around 2 km2 of ice-free land that was established in the early Holocene. We have investigated the changes in plant composition at these nunataks using both the results of surveys of the flora over the last 130 years, and through reconstruction of the vegetation from the end of the Holocene Thermal Maximum (5528±75 cal yr BP) using meta-barcoding of plant DNA recovered from the nunatak sediments (sedaDNA). Our results show that several of the plant species detected with sedaDNA are described from earlier vegetation surveys on the nunataks (in 1878, 1967 and 2009). In 1967, a much higher biodiversity was detected than from any other of the studied periods. While this may be related to differences in sampling efforts for the oldest period, it is not the case when comparing the 1967 and 2009 levels where the botanical survey was exhaustive. As no animals and humans are found on the nunataks, this change in diversity over a period of just 42 years must relate to environmental changes likely being climate-driven. This suggests that even the flora of fairly small and isolated ice-free areas reacts quickly to a changing climate.
First record of oceanic anoxic event 1d at southern high latitudes: Sedimentary and geochemical evidence from International Ocean Discovery Program Expedition 369
<p>Oceanic anoxic event 1d (OAE 1d) has been well studied at northern low latitudes (i.e., in Tethys and the North Atlantic); however, the paleoenvironmental response associated with this event at high latitudes has not been documented and the trigger mechanism remains unknown. Here, we address both of these shortcomings by presenting the first detailed sedimentary and geochemical multi-proxy records of the OAE 1d at southern high latitudes (60-62°S), obtained from sediments at Site U1513, IODP Expedition 369. In particular, the record of sedimentary mercury proxy reveals that OAE 1d is associated with the Central Kerguelen large igneous province volcanism. Furthermore, the significant increase in continental runoff and consequent terrigenous input for southwestern Australia in the southeastern proto-India Ocean might have resulted regionally in weakened bottom-water oxygenation and strengthened organic matter burial during OAE 1d. Oceanic anoxic event 1d (OAE 1d) has been well studied at northern low latitudes (i.e., in Tethys and the North Atlantic); however, the paleoenvironmental response associated with this event at high latitudes has not been documented and the trigger mechanism remains unknown. Here, we address both of these shortcomings by presenting the first detailed sedimentary and geochemical multi-proxy records of the OAE 1d at southern high latitudes (60-62°S), obtained from sediments at Site U1513, IODP Expedition 369. In particular, the record of sedimentary mercury proxy reveals that OAE 1d is associated with the Central Kerguelen large igneous province volcanism. Furthermore, the significant increase in continental runoff and consequent terrigenous input for southwestern Australia in the southeastern proto-India Ocean might have resulted regionally in weakened bottom-water oxygenation and strengthened organic matter burial during OAE 1d.</p>
Dataset in the article "Sedimentary record off the Yangtze River estuary and its response to typhoons and human activities over the past 70 years"
<p>The original data presented here is related to the article “Sedimentary record off the Yangtze River estuary and its response to typhoons and human activities over the past 70 years”</p>
Development of a dense cratonic keel prior to the destruction of the North China Craton: Constraints from sedimentary records and numerical simulation
<p>This file is created for Liu et al. (2019) -- ‘<em>Development of a dense cratonic keel prior to the destruction of the North China Craton: Constraints from sedimentary records and numerical simulation</em>’. The folder 'mutils-0.2' contains the quick search algorithm tsearch2 (Mutilspackage:http://milamin.sourceforge.net/downloads)</p>
Sedimentary records of blue carbon and environmental change in coastal Virginia
<p>These data files comprise site information, grain size, trace element, organic matter, and magnetic susceptibility data for 224 sediment samples collected from 6 cores within the seagrass meadows of the Virginia Coast Reserve Long Term Ecological Research Center (VCR LTER) between 05/01/2023 and 06/01/2023. There are also 7 radiocarbon samples collected from within the cores that were analyzed at the National Oceanographic Sciences Accelerator Mass Spectrometry Lab (NOSAMS) at Woods Hole Oceanographic Institute (WHOI). Any questions or concerns about data contents or format, please contact Dr. Marion McKenzie at marion.mckenzie@mines.edu.</p>
Data from: Clitellate worms (Annelida) in lateglacial and Holocene sedimentary DNA records from the Polar Urals and northern Norway
While there are extensive macro- and microfossil records of a range of plants and animals from Quaternary records, earthworms and their close relatives among annelids are not preserved as fossils, and therefore we have limited knowledge of their Quaternary distributions. This lack of fossils means that clitellate worms (Annelida) are currently underused in palaeoecological research, even though they can provide valuable information about terrestrial and aquatic environmental conditions. Their DNA might be preserved in sediments, which offers an alternative method for detection. Here we analyse lacustrine sediments from lakes in the Polar Urals, Arctic Russia, covering the period 24,000-1,300 cal. years BP, and NE Norway (10,700-3,300 cal. years BP) using a universal mammal 16S rDNA marker. While mammals were recorded using the marker (reindeer was detected twice in the Polar Urals core at 23,000 and 14,000 cal. years BP, and four times in the Norwegian core at 11,000 cal. years BP and between 3,600-3,300 cal. years BP), worm extracellular DNA "bycatch" was rather high. In this paper we present the first reported worm detection from ancient DNA. Our results demonstrate that both aquatic and terrestrial clitellates can be identified in late-Quaternary lacustrine sediments, and the ecological information retrievable from this group warrants further research with a more targeted approach.
Nature of Paleo-Pacific subduction along the East Asian continental margin Insights from the sedimentary record of West Sarawak,Borneo
<p>The Table S1, S2, S3, S4 in the manuscript "Nature of Paleo-Pacific subduction along the East Asian continental margin: Insights from the sedimentary record of West Sarawak, Borneo"</p>
Data from: Islands in the ice: detecting past vegetation on Greenlandic nunataks using historical records and sedimentary ancient DNA meta-barcoding
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Data from: Clitellate worms (Annelida) in lateglacial and Holocene sedimentary DNA records from the Polar Urals and northern Norway
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Data from: A decline in molluscan carbonate production driven by the loss of vegetated habitats encoded in the Holocene sedimentary record of the Gulf of Trieste
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Data for research article "Sedimentary records..."
<p>The data are related to research article in Journal of Geophysical Research: Earth Surface.</p>
Revisiting the sedimentary record of the rise of diatoms
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Sedimentary Signatures of Super Typhoon Haiyan: Insight from Core Record in the South China Sea
<p>This dataset contains surface photography, X-ray images, and analytical data from the sediment cores in this study.</p>
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