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19 results for “Septoria”
Improved control of Septoria tritici blotch in durum wheat using cultivar mixtures
<p>Mixtures of cultivars with contrasting levels of resistance can suppress infectious diseases in wheat, as demonstrated in numerous field experiments. Most studies focused on airborne pathogens in bread wheat, while splash-dispersed pathogens have received less attention, and no studies have been conducted in durum wheat. We conducted a two-year field experiment in Tunisia, to evaluate the performance of cultivar mixtures with varying proportions of resistance (0–100%) in controlling the polycyclic, splash-dispersed disease Septoria tritici blotch (STB) in durum wheat. To measure STB severity, we used a high-throughput method based on digital image analysis of 3074 infected leaves collected from 42 and 40 experimental plots during the first and second years, respectively. This allowed us to quantify pathogen reproduction on wheat leaves and to acquire a large dataset that exceeds previous studies with respect to accuracy and precision. Our analyses show that introducing only 25% of a disease-resistant cultivar into a pure stand of a susceptible cultivar provides a substantial reduction of almost 50% in disease severity compared to the susceptible pure stand. However, comprising the resistant component of two cultivars instead of one did not further improve disease control, contrary to predictions of epidemiological theory. Susceptible cultivars can be agronomically superior to resistant cultivars or be better accepted by growers for other reasons. Hence, if mixtures with only a moderate proportion of the resistant cultivar provide a similar degree of disease control as resistant pure stands, as our analysis indicates, such mixtures are more likely to be accepted by growers.</p>
Improved control of Septoria tritici blotch in durum wheat using cultivar mixtures
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Data from: Genome-wide association mapping of resistance to Septoria nodorum leaf blotch in a Nordic spring wheat collection
Parastagonospora nodorum is the causal agent of septoria nodorum blotch (SNB) in wheat. It is the most important leaf blotch pathogen in Norwegian spring wheat. Several quantitative trait loci (QTL) for SNB susceptibility have been identified. Some of these QTL are the result of underlying gene-for-gene interactions involving necrotrophic effectors (NEs) and corresponding sensitivity (Snn) genes. A collection of diverse spring wheat lines was evaluated for SNB resistance/susceptibility over seven growing seasons in the field. In addition, wheat seedlings were inoculated and infiltrated with culture filtrates (CFs) from four single spore isolates and infiltrated with semi-purified NEs (SnToxA, SnTox1 and SnTox3) under greenhouse conditions. In adult plants, the most stable SNB resistance QTL were located on 2B, 2D, 4A, 4B, 5A, 6B, 7A and 7B. The QTL on 2D was effective most years in the field. At the seedling stage, the most significant QTL after inoculation were located on 1A, 1B, 3A, 4B, 5B, 6B, 7A and 7B. The QTL on 3A and 6B were significant both after inoculation and CF infiltration, indicating the presence of novel NE-Snn interactions. The QTL on 4B and 7A were significant in both seedlings and adult plants. Correlations between SnToxA sensitivity and disease severity in the field were significant. To our knowledge, this is the first genome wide association mapping study (GWAS) to investigate SNB resistance at the adult plant stage under field conditions.
FIGURE 4 in Neokamalomyces indicus gen. nov., sp. nov. (Mycosphaerellaceae)-a Septoria-like genus from India
FIGURE 4. Fruiting body of Neokamalomyces indicus (AMH 10233, holotype). a–d. Vertical section through conidiomata. e, f. Conidia with conidiophores. g. Conidiogenous cells. Bars: a–e = 20 μm, f, g = 10 μm.
FIGURE 3 in Neokamalomyces indicus gen. nov., sp. nov. (Mycosphaerellaceae)-a Septoria-like genus from India
FIGURE 3. Neokamalomyces indicus on PDA (ex-type culture, NFCCI 4870). a, b. Colony on PDA top view. c. Colony on PDA reverse view. d–h. Germinated conidia in water droplet in cavity slide after 12–15 hours. i, j. Germinated conidia on PDA (stained with cotton blue). k. Development of mycelia on PDA. Bars: a = 10 mm, b = 5 mm, c = 10 mm, d–h = 20 μm, i–k = 10 μm.
FIGURE 2 in Neokamalomyces indicus gen. nov., sp. nov. (Mycosphaerellaceae)-a Septoria-like genus from India
FIGURE 2. Neokamalomyces indicus on Ficus benghalensis. a. Host plant in natural habitat. b. Initial stage of symptom on upper surface of leaf. c. Initial stage of symptom on lower surface of leaf. d, e. Conidiomata on host tissue. Bars: b, c = 20 mm, d, e = 10 mm.
FIGURE 1 in Neokamalomyces indicus gen. nov., sp. nov. (Mycosphaerellaceae)-a Septoria-like genus from India
FIGURE 1. Consensus phylogram (50% majority rule) resulting from a maximum likelihood of the combined three-genes (LSU, RPB2 and ITS) sequence alignment. The Bayesian posterior probabilities (≥ 0.50; BI-PP), maximum likelihood bootstrap support values (≥ 50%; ML-BS) and maximum parsimony bootstrap support values (≥ 50%; MP-BS) are given at the nodes (BI-PP/ML-BS/MP-BS). Red names indicate Neokamalomyces indicus. A vertical bar is used to the right of the coloured boxes and encompasses all genera within their respective families. The family name Mycosphaerellaceae is unabbreviated while the rest are abbreviated as follows: D = Dissoconiaceae, P = Phaeothecoidiellaceae, S = Schizothyriaceae, T = Teratosphaeriaceae, C = Cladosporiaceae. The tree is rooted to Cylindroseptoria ceratoniae (CBS 477.69).
Data from: Ranking quantitative resistance to Septoria tritici blotch in elite wheat cultivars using automated image analysis
Open the record for dataset details and reuse information.
Data from: Genome-wide association mapping of resistance to Septoria nodorum leaf blotch in a Nordic spring wheat collection
Open the record for dataset details and reuse information.
FIGURE 5 in Neokamalomyces indicus gen. nov., sp. nov. (Mycosphaerellaceae)-a Septoria-like genus from India
FIGURE 5. Conidia of Neokamalomyces indicus (AMH 10233, holotype). Bars: a–k = 10 μm, l, m = 5 μm.
Fig. 7 in Trinor- and tetranor-eremophilane sesquiterpenoids with anti-neuroinflammatory activity from cultures of the fungus Septoria rudbeckiae
Fig. 7. Comparison between calculated and experimental ECD spectra of 13.
Fig. 10 in Trinor- and tetranor-eremophilane sesquiterpenoids with anti-neuroinflammatory activity from cultures of the fungus Septoria rudbeckiae
Fig. 10. Hypothetical biosynthetic pathways of 1 15.
Fig. 6 in Trinor- and tetranor-eremophilane sesquiterpenoids with anti-neuroinflammatory activity from cultures of the fungus Septoria rudbeckiae
Fig. 6. Comparison between calculated and experimental ECD spectra of 5.
Fig. 4 in Trinor- and tetranor-eremophilane sesquiterpenoids with anti-neuroinflammatory activity from cultures of the fungus Septoria rudbeckiae
Fig. 4. Comparison between calculated and experimental ECD spectra of 1.
Fig. 2 in Trinor- and tetranor-eremophilane sesquiterpenoids with anti-neuroinflammatory activity from cultures of the fungus Septoria rudbeckiae
Fig. 2. Key HMBC, and COSY correlations of 1, 2, 5, 6, 10–14, and 16.
Fig. 5 in Trinor- and tetranor-eremophilane sesquiterpenoids with anti-neuroinflammatory activity from cultures of the fungus Septoria rudbeckiae
Fig. 5. Comparison between calculated and experimental ECD spectra of 2.
Fig. 3 in Trinor- and tetranor-eremophilane sesquiterpenoids with anti-neuroinflammatory activity from cultures of the fungus Septoria rudbeckiae
Fig. 3. Key NOESY correlations of 1, 2, 5, 6, 13 and 14.
Fig. 9 in Trinor- and tetranor-eremophilane sesquiterpenoids with anti-neuroinflammatory activity from cultures of the fungus Septoria rudbeckiae
Fig. 9. Comparison between calculated and experimental ECD spectra of 16a.
Fig. 1 in Trinor- and tetranor-eremophilane sesquiterpenoids with anti-neuroinflammatory activity from cultures of the fungus Septoria rudbeckiae
Fig. 1. The structures of compounds 1–19.
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