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23 results for “Sinocyclocheilus”
Comparative transcriptomics reveals the molecular genetic basis of pigmentation loss in Sinocyclocheilus cavefishes
<p><span><span><span>Cave-dwelling animals evolve distinct troglomorphic traits, such as loss of eyes, skin pigmentation, and augmentation of senses following long-term adaptation to the perpetual darkness. However, the molecular genetic mechanisms underlying these phenotypic variations remain unclear. In this study, we conducted comparative histology and comparative transcriptomics study of the skin of eight <i>Sinocyclocheilus</i> species (Cypriniformes: Cyprinidae) that included surface and cave-dwelling species. We analyzed four surface and four cavefish species by using next-generation sequencing, and a total of 802,798,907 clean reads were generated and assembled into 505,495,009 transcripts, which contributed to 1,037,334 unigenes. Bioinformatics comparisons of four different surface-cave fish groups revealed between 10,629 and 6442 significantly differentially expressed unigenes. Further, tens of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) potentially related to skin pigmentation were identified. Most of these DEGs (including <i>GNAQ</i>, <i>PKA</i>, <i>NRAS</i>, and <i>p38</i>) are downregulated in cavefish species. They are involved in key signaling pathways of pigment synthesis, such as the melanogenesis, Wnt, and MAPK pathways. This trend of downregulation was confirmed through qPCR experiments. This study will deepen our understanding of the formation of troglomorphic traits in cavefishes.</span></span></span></p>
Sensory evolution in a cavefish radiation: Patterns of neuromast distribution and associated behaviour in Sinocyclocheilus (Cypriniformes: Cyprinidae)
<p><em>Sinocyclocheilus</em>, a large radiation of freshwater cavefish, are well-known for their presence of regressive features (e.g., variable eye reduction). Fewer constructive features are known, such as the expansion of the lateral line system (LLS) involved in detecting water movements. The precise relationship between LLS expansion and cave adaptation is not well understood. Here we examine morphological and behavioural features of the LLS in <em>Sinocyclocheilus</em> characterized by broad variation in eye size, habitat and geographic distribution. Using live-staining techniques and automated behavioural analyses, we examined 26 <em>Sinocyclocheilus</em> species and quantified neuromast organ numbers, positions, and laterality within a phylogenetic context. We then examined how these morphological features may relate to wall-following, an established cave-associated behaviour mediated by the lateral line. We show that most species demonstrated laterality (i.e., asymmetry) in neuromast organs on the head, often biased to the right. We also found that wall-following behaviour was distinctive within cavefish, particularly among eyeless species. These diverse patterns of LLS expansion appear to correlate with the degree of eye loss, as well as geographic distribution. This work reveals that constructive LLS evolution is convergent across distant cavefish taxa, and may mediate asymmetric behavioural features that enable survival in stark subterranean microenvironments.</p>
Wall-following – phylogenetic context of an enhanced behaviour in stygomorphic <em>Sinocyclocheilus</em> (Cypriniformes: Cyprinidae) cavefishes
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Comparative transcriptomics reveals the molecular genetic basis of pigmentation loss in Sinocyclocheilus cavefishes
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Sensory evolution in a cavefish radiation: Patterns of neuromast distribution and associated behaviour in Sinocyclocheilus (Cypriniformes: Cyprinidae)
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FIGURE 3 in A new cavefish species from Southwest China, Sinocyclocheilus gracilicaudatus sp. nov. (Teleostei: Cypriniformes: Cyprinidae)
FIGURE 3. Comparison of caudal peduncle depth vs caudal peduncle length between Sinocyclocheilus gracilicaudatus sp. nov. (×) and S. donglanensis (○).
FIGURE 4 in A new cavefish species from Southwest China, Sinocyclocheilus gracilicaudatus sp. nov. (Teleostei: Cypriniformes: Cyprinidae)
FIGURE 4. Comparison of eye diameter relative to standard length between Sinocyclocheilus gracilicaudatus sp. nov. (×) and S. donglanensis (○).
FIGURE 1 in A new cavefish species from Southwest China, Sinocyclocheilus gracilicaudatus sp. nov. (Teleostei: Cypriniformes: Cyprinidae)
FIGURE 1. Sinocyclocheilus gracilicaudatus sp. nov. Holotype 186399, ASIZB, 94.7mm SL, scale bar 10mm
FIGURE 6 in A new cavefish species from Southwest China, Sinocyclocheilus gracilicaudatus sp. nov. (Teleostei: Cypriniformes: Cyprinidae)
FIGURE 6. Principal component analysis based on morphometric characters of Sinocyclocheilus gracilicaudatus sp. nov. (●) and S. donglanensis (○).
FIGURE 5 in A new cavefish species from Southwest China, Sinocyclocheilus gracilicaudatus sp. nov. (Teleostei: Cypriniformes: Cyprinidae)
FIGURE 5. Comparison of maxilla-barbel length and rictal barbel length relative to standard length for Sinocyclocheilus gracilicaudatus sp. nov. (×) and S. donglanensis (○).
FIGURE 5 in Sinocyclocheilus brevifinus (Teleostei: Cyprinidae), a new species of cavefish from Guangxi, China
FIGURE 5. Type locality of Sinocyclocheilus brevifinus. Upper, general area near outlet. Lower, spring fed area where species was found.
FIGURE 3 in Sinocyclocheilus brevifinus (Teleostei: Cyprinidae), a new species of cavefish from Guangxi, China
FIGURE 3. Species presumed to be closely related to Sinocyclocheilus brevifinus sp. nov. a) S. guilinensis b) S. jii c) S. huangtianensis d) S. gracilis.
FIGURE 4 in Sinocyclocheilus brevifinus (Teleostei: Cyprinidae), a new species of cavefish from Guangxi, China
FIGURE 4. Distribution of Sinocyclocheilus brevifinus sp. nov. and related species. ▲ S. brevifinus sp. nov., + S. macrolepis, ★ S. yishanensis, ● S. jii, ■ S. huangtianensis,•S.guilinensis, and ♦ S.gracilis
FIGURE 2 in Sinocyclocheilus brevifinus (Teleostei: Cyprinidae), a new species of cavefish from Guangxi, China
FIGURE 2. Sinocyclocheilus brevifinus sp. nov. a) Lateral view of holotype, PRFRI2012001, 111.1 mm SL. China, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Wanggao, Zhujiang Basin, Hejiang drainage; "b) Live specimen of" Sinocyclocheilus brevifinus sp. nov. from same locality.
FIGURE 6 in Sinocyclocheilus brevifinus (Teleostei: Cyprinidae), a new species of cavefish from Guangxi, China
FIGURE 6. Results from principal component analysis of mensural characters for PC2 and PC3, illustrating distinctiveness of S. brevifinus from relatives S.gracilis, S.guilinensis, S. huangtianensis, and S. jii.
Supplementary material 4 from: Xu C, Luo T, Zhou J-J, Wu L, Zhao X-R, Yang H-F, Xiao N, Zhou J (2023) Sinocyclocheilus longicornus (Cypriniformes, Cyprinidae), a new species of microphthalmic hypogean fish from Guizhou, Southwest China. ZooKeys 1141: 1-28. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1141.91501
Variable loadings for principal components with Eigenvalues greater than 2, from morphometric characters corrected by SL
Supplementary material 3 from: Xu C, Luo T, Zhou J-J, Wu L, Zhao X-R, Yang H-F, Xiao N, Zhou J (2023) Sinocyclocheilus longicornus (Cypriniformes, Cyprinidae), a new species of microphthalmic hypogean fish from Guizhou, Southwest China. ZooKeys 1141: 1-28. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1141.91501
Uncorrected p-distance (%) between 52 species of the genus Sinocyclocheilus based on mitochondrial ND4 sequences
Supplementary material 2 from: Xu C, Luo T, Zhou J-J, Wu L, Zhao X-R, Yang H-F, Xiao N, Zhou J (2023) Sinocyclocheilus longicornus (Cypriniformes, Cyprinidae), a new species of microphthalmic hypogean fish from Guizhou, Southwest China. ZooKeys 1141: 1-28. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1141.91501
Uncorrected p-distance (%) between 53 species of the genus Sinocyclocheilus based on mitochondrial Cyt b sequences
FIGURE 2 in A new cavefish species from Southwest China, Sinocyclocheilus gracilicaudatus sp. nov. (Teleostei: Cypriniformes: Cyprinidae)
FIGURE 2. Sampling sites of Sinocyclocheilus gracilicaudatus sp. nov. (●) and S. donglanensis (▲).
FIGURE 1 in Sinocyclocheilus brevifinus (Teleostei: Cyprinidae), a new species of cavefish from Guangxi, China
FIGURE 1. Principal measurements for species of Sinocyclocheilus.
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International Brain Laboratory public data
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OpenNeuro
OpenNeuro is a free, open platform for sharing neuroimaging datasets, with public search, dataset pages, and download paths for web, S3, DataLad, and the OpenNeuro CLI.